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This article examines how, within the framework of the propaganda and imaginary—building strategy devised and developed in the 1930s by the German National Socialist government, aimed at Reich citizens inside and outside the country, German residents in the city of Barranquilla, in the Colombian Caribbean, became receptors, generators and disseminators of content through magazines elaborated locally but with nationwide circulation, thus contributing to the construction of a positive image of Hitler's regime and articulating with The Nazi project of mass media use. ; Este artículo se ocupa de analizar la manera como, en el marco de la estrategia de propaganda y construcción de imaginarios ideada y desarrollada en los años treinta por el gobierno nacionalsocialista alemán, orientada hacia los ciudadanos del Reich dentro y fuera del país, los alemanes residentes en la ciudad de Barranquilla, en el Caribe colombiano, se convirtieron en receptores, generadores y difusores de contenidos a través de revistas elaboradas localmente pero de circulación nacional; contribuyendo con ello a la construcción de una imagen positiva del régimen de Hitler y articulándose con el proyecto nazi de uso de medios masivos de comunicación. ; O presente artigo analisa como, no âmbito da estratégia de propaganda e construção de imagens concebidas e desenvolvidas na década de 1930 pelo governo nacional—socialista alemão, voltado para os cidadãos do Reich dentro e fora do país, os alemães Residente na cidade de Barranquilla, no Caribe colombiano, tornou—se receptores, geradores e difusores de conteúdos através de revistas elaboradas localmente, mas de circulação nacional, contribuindo com a construção de uma imagem positiva do regime de Hitler e articulando—se com O projeto nazista de uso de mídia de massa.

Рассматриваются актуальные в современном русском языке способы словообразования и тенденции их реализации в текстах современных СМИ. Выявлено, что наиболее продуктивными являются методы морфологической передачи, сложения и сращения, реже используется калькирование. Большинство новообразований являются ответной реакцией на политические события и не закрепляются в языке. ; The article is devoted to the modern word-formation processes in Russian language and trends of its realization in the texts of modern media. It was revealed that the most productive methods are morphological transfer (transliteration plus derivation), blend word (blending): clipping and acronym; rarely used calque. Most words related to the political lexicon and they are not fixed by linguistic tradition.

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Preface to the English Edition -- Foreword to the Italian Edition -- Introduction -- Ways to Read this Book -- Art System (Kunstsystem) -- Asymmetrization (Asymmetrisierung) -- Attribution (Zurechnung) -- Autopoiesis -- Code -- Communication (Kommunikation) -- Complexity (Komplexität) -- Conflict (Konflikt) -- Constructivism (Konstruktivismus) -- Differentiation (Differenzierung/Ausdifferenzierung) -- Differentiation of Society (Differenzierung der Gesellschaft) -- Dissemination Media (Verbreitungsmedien) -- Double Contingency (Doppelte Kontingenz) -- Economic System (Wirtschaftssystem) -- Education System (Erziehungssystem) -- Event (Ereignis) -- Evolution -- Expectations (Erwartungen) -- Functional Analysis (Funktionale Analyse) -- Identity/Difference (Identität/Differenz) -- Inclusion/Exclusion (Inklusion/Exklusion) -- Information -- Interaction (Interaktion) -- Interpenetration and Structural Coupling (Interpenetration und strukturelle Kopplung) -- Language (Sprache) -- Legal System (Rechtssystem) -- Love (Liebe) -- Mass media (Massenmedien) -- Meaning (Sinn) -- Meaning Dimensions (Sinndimensionen) -- Medical System (Krankensystem) -- Medium/Form -- Morality (Moral) -- Negation -- Operation/Observation (Operation/Beobachtung) -- Organization (Organisation) -- Paradox (Paradoxie) -- Political System (Politisches System) -- Power (Macht) -- Process (Prozess) -- Program (Programm) -- Property/Money (Eigentum/Geld) -- Protest -- Psychic Systems (Psychische Systeme) -- Rationality (Rationalität) -- Redundancy/Variety (Redundanz/Varietät) -- Re-entry -- Religious System (Religionssystem) -- Risk/Danger (Risiko/Gefahr) -- Scientific System (Wissenschaftssystem) -- Self-description (Selbstbeschreibung) -- Self-Reference (Selbstreferenz) -- Semantics (Semantik) -- Social System (Soziales System) -- Society (Gesellschaft) -- Sociological Enlightenment (Soziologische Aufklärung) -- Structure (Struktur) -- Symbolically Generalized Media (Symbolisch generalisierte Kommunikationsmedien) -- System/Environment (System/Umwelt) -- System of Families (System der Familien) -- Time (Zeit) -- Truth (Wahrheit) -- Values (Werte) -- World (Welt) -- World Society (Weltgesellschaft) -- List of Luhmann's works

This fascinating book presents the first cultural history and anthropology of the face across centuries, continents, and media. Ranging from funerary masks and masks in drama to the figural work of contemporary artists including Cindy Sherman and Nam June Paik, renowned art historian Hans Belting emphasizes that while the face plays a critical role in human communication, it defies attempts at visual representation. Belting divides his book into three parts: faces as masks of the self, portraiture as a constantly evolving mask in Western culture, and the fate of the face in the age of mass media. Referencing a vast array of sources, Belting's insights draw on art history, philosophy, theories of visual culture, and cognitive science. He demonstrates that Western efforts to portray the face have repeatedly failed, even with the developments of new media such as photography and film, which promise ever-greater degrees of verisimilitude. In spite of sitting at the heart of human expression, the face resists possession, and creative endeavors to capture it inevitably result in masks--hollow signifiers of the humanity they're meant to embody. From creations by Van Eyck and August Sander to works by Francis Bacon, Ingmar Bergman, and Chuck Close, "Face and Mask" takes a remarkable look at how, through the centuries, the physical visage has inspired and evaded artistic interpretation.

Celebrating social cognition and communication / Jennifer Monahan and David R. Roskos-Ewoldsen -- Message production -- Cognitive models of message production / John O. Greene and Angela R. Graves -- Communication : a goal-directed, plan-guided process / Chuck Berger -- Interaction goals and message production : conceptual and methodological developments / Steven R. Wilson and Hairong Feng -- Arguments / Dale Hample -- Interpersonal communication -- Cognitive foundations of communication in close relationships / Denise Haunani Solomon and Jennifer A. Theiss -- Attributions and interpersonal communication : out of our heads and into behavior / Valerie Manusov -- Shared cognition and communication within group decision-making and negotiation / Michael E. Roloff and Lyn M. Van Swol -- Social cognition in family communication / Ascan Koerner -- Social cognition under the influence : drinking while communicating / Pamela J. Lannutti and Jennifer Monahan -- Mass media -- Social cognition and cultivation / L.J. Shrum -- Media and racism / Mary Beth Oliver, Srividya Ramasubramanian and Jinhee Kim -- News and politics / William P. Eveland, Jr. and Mihye Seo -- Comprehension of media stories / Beverly Roskos-Ewoldsen, David R. Roskos-Ewoldsen, Moonhee Yang, and Mina Lee -- Social influence -- Attitude accessibility : theory, methods, and future directions / Laura Arpan, Nancy Rhodes, and David R. Roskos-Ewoldsen -- Emotion and persuasion : a social cognitive perspective / Robin Nabi -- Compliance gaining / Janet R. Meyer -- Dual process models of persuasion / Mark Hamilton

Cover -- Global Political Campaigning -- Contents -- Illustrations -- FIGURES -- TABLES -- Series Foreword -- NOTES -- Preface -- 1 Introduction: The Global Media and Marketing Revolution of Campaigns -- NOTES -- PART I ARE CAMPAIGNS AMERICAN? -- 2 The Worldwide Proliferation of American Campaign Techniques -- CHANNELS AND MODES OF PROLIFERATION -- EXPLORING THE TRANSNATIONAL CONSULTING CONNECTION -- HOW ATTRACTIVE ARE AMERICAN CAMPAIGN TECHNIQUES? -- INTENSITY OF US CONNECTIONS IN DIFFERENT AREAS -- THREE PATHS OF DIFFUSION -- NOTES -- 3 The Modus Operandi of American Overseas Consultants -- EXPLORING ROLE DEFINITIONS OF AMERICAN OVERSEAS CONSULTANTS -- NOTES -- 4 Institutional and Cultural Limits of Americanization -- FACTORS DETERMINING CAMPAIGN PRACTICES -- MEDIA SYSTEM FEATURES SHAPING CAMPAIGN PRACTICES -- CULTURAL CONSTRAINTS OF AMERICANIZATION -- CROSS-CULTURAL ASPECTS -- AMERICANIZATION AS SEEN BY CAMPAIGN PROFESSIONALS -- NOTES -- PART II THE UNIVERSE OF CAMPAIGN ENVIRONMENTS -- 5 Electoral Law and Party System Features -- CENTRAL FEATURES OF ELECTORAL SYSTEMS -- IMPACT OF POLITICAL CULTURE ON CAMPAIGN PRACTICES -- NOTES -- 6 Regulatory Frameworks of Campaigns -- STRICTLY REGULATED CAMPAIGN ENVIRONMENTS -- MODERATELY REGULATED CAMPAIGN ENVIRONMENTS -- MINIMALLY REGULATED CAMPAIGN ENVIRONMENTS -- THE UNITED STATES: STATE REGULATIONS OF POLITICAL PARTIES AND PRIMARIES -- LIMITATION OF THE CAMPAIGN PERIOD -- BAN ON PUBLICATION OF PUBLIC OPINION POLLS -- ELECTION FINANCE AND PUBLIC FUNDING OF CAMPAIGNS -- RESTRICTIONS OF CAMPAIGN EXPENDITURES -- NOTES -- 7 Mass Media Infrastructure and Political Information Practices -- TELEVISION PENETRATION -- NEWSPAPER PENETRATION -- TYPES OF BROADCASTING SYSTEMS -- POLITICAL INFORMATION PRACTICES -- NOTES -- 8 Access to Political Television Advertising.

Non-stigmatizing depictions of plus-size lovers of fashion are not easily found in traditional mass media, but in social media, fat fashion enthusiasts can readily be found. The purpose of this study was to investigate the little-studied phenomenon of plus-size YouTube content creators who make videos about fat fashion. To that end, thirteen individuals who wear plus-size women's apparel took part in semi-structured interviews. A major theme found in the data analysis was transgression. Interview participants were staunch advocates of breaking discriminatory, unspoken societal rules that constrained them, especially in relation to dress. Three subthemes were found in relation to transgression: visibility, representation and agency. Embracing visibility, as seen in interviewees' performance of fatness in public and in social media, may help to portray fatness as a human characteristic that is just as 'normal' as thinness. Serving as a positive role model to others was also embraced by participants, who hoped to assist their viewers in dealing with the consequences of living in the fatphobic US culture. The interviewees demonstrated and promoted agency through fashion, in marked contrast to their past experiences of being powerless and disparaged because of their size. Through celebration of mainstream, conforming fashion, the fat fashion vloggers are transgressive by joyfully wearing styles which previously were discouraged or often unavailable for plus-size consumers.

The disruption era creates great opportunities for halal tourism development by using technology to market halal tourism products. As a pilot project for the halal tourism development, Penyengat Island in Riau Island Province faces the challenges in building its image as a leading halal tourism destination. This study aims to analyze the halal tourism marketing, in this case, digital marketing, on Penyengat Island in the disruption era. This research used descriptive qualitative methods through a literature study with data sources derived from related journal articles and other literature. The efforts of halal tourism marketing for Penyengat Island are not implemented digitally. To market tourism of Penyengat Island, the local government and stakeholders use mass media advertising, billboards, annual festivals, and digital channels such as social media, online booking sites, and e-book guides at halaltrip.com. Yet, the media does not inform tourism events or indicate Penyengat Island as a halal tourism destination. It proves that inadequate information about the concept of halal tourism and/or other available information on halal tourism travel guides for Muslim tourists on the digital platforms used. The efforts to promote Penyengat Island as halal tourism using digital channels are the relevant interesting contents in digital marketing channels, the availability of information on the need for halal services, and innovation on tourism attractions.

The chapter starts with an outline of outstanding recent contributions to the discussion of the EU democratic deficit and the so-called "no demos" problem and the debate about European citizenship and European identity—mainly in the light of insights from the EU crisis. This is followed by reflections on the recent discussion on the state of the mass media-based European public sphere. Finally, the author discusses the state of research on the Internet's capacity to support the emergence of a (renewed) public sphere, with a focus on options for political actors to use the Internet for communication and campaigning, on the related establishment of segmented issue-related publics as well as on social media and its two-faced character as an enabler as well as a distorting factor of the public sphere. The author is sceptic about the capacities of Internet-based political communication to develop into a supranational (European) public sphere. It rather establishes a network of a multitude of discursive processes aimed at opinion formation at various levels and on various issues. The potential of online communication to increase the responsiveness of political institutions so far is set into practice insufficiently. Online media are increasingly used in a vertical and scarcely in a horizontal or interactive manner of ...

As mass media are an integral part of our everyday lives, their role in constituting emotions and feeling rules receives heightened attention. However, content analyses and psychoanalytical/reaction analyses focus on a film-viewer-relation that does not consider the group character of media consumption. This article deals with the question of how fear is socially constructed and interactively negotiated by taking an ethnomethodological look at videos that teenagers have taken of themselves while watching the horror movie Insidious. It puts forward two inter-related forms of ambiguity: the ambiguity of what emotions are appropriate, that is, the ways in which feeling rules are treated as topics and as features of the viewing settings, and, secondly, the ambiguity of belonging that concerns the question of how several viewers can draw themselves out of a terrifying situation while simultaneously ensuring that the group is held together. Fear is regarded as a separating emotion insofar as actors withdraw, actively locate their bodies as barriers against the movie's sensual impressions and thus simultaneously constrain interaction by blocking central channels of communication. Special attention is given to the ways in which this affects interaction. The article contributes to the understanding of visual spectatorship and the undertaking of bringing affect into media studies by bringing together audience research and emotion sociology.

The development of information technology affects students in searching and finding information, particularly information regarding the General Election. The explosion of information on mass media about the elections resulted impact (both positive and negative) to the potential voters. Nowadays, media plays role as a tool for political parties to lead public opinion to support their parties. Based on the data provided by General Election Commission (KPU) in 2014, 20% of voters were identified as students (teens). This is a qualitative research with case study method which aims to gain insight about interpretation, understanding, perceptions and feelings of teenage voters' behavior in searching and finding information about general election in Indonesia year 2014. The data were collected by conducting interview and observation. Informants in this study were students, aged 17-18 years, who studying in government senior high school in Depok. The results of this study indicates that informants using social media to keep update about general election. Besides, they also gain information from their parents and close friends. Unfortunatelly, they were not able to identify which information which are correct or not, so they rely on people around them to make sure whether they did right decision. Therefore, this study also suggest that KPU needs to develop promotion strategy that suitable for teens about general election.

Evangelische Hochschule Dresden (Vokietija)harald.wagner@chs-dresden.de

(LACK OF) POWER AND THE PROFESSION OF SOCIAL WORKHarald Wagner
SummaryThis paper deals with the question whether or not social work is a powerful player within the society. The perspective is a German one, but reflects the situation in the other European and Non-European countries. Its aim is to develop a multi-perspective model of understanding that in return can prove the situation in any country.In a first step the problem of power is related to a theory of symbolic generalised media. As according to Talcott Parsons, it is shown here that only a balanced combination of different media, like money, power and influence will lead to successful social actions. In a second step the reality of social fields after Pierre Bourdieu is focused. This helps to understand the importance of all players, resources and aims. Using the theory of communicative action of Jurgen Habermas it discusses what dimensions of social action are involved and how they relate to each other. And after stressing the possibilities of lobbying in the mass media, conclusions are formulated. So the article shows some of the biggest obstacles but also the possibilities for social work becoming a powerful player in post-modern societies.

In their 2005 study, Adamic and Glance coined the memorable phrase "divided they blog", referring to a trend of cyberbalkanization in the political blogosphere, with liberal and conservative blogs tending to link to other blogs with a similar political slant, and not to one another. As political discussion and activity increasingly moves online, the power of framing political discourses is shifting from mass media to social media. Continued examination of political interactions online is critical, and we extend this line of research by examining the activities of political users within the Wikipedia community. First, we examined how users in Wikipedia choose to display (or not to display) their political affiliation. Next, we more closely examined the patterns of cross-party interaction and community participation among those users proclaiming a political affiliation. In contrast to previous analyses of other social media, we did not find strong trends indicating a preference to interact with members of the same political party within the Wikipedia community. Our results indicate that users who proclaim their political affiliation within the community tend to proclaim their identity as a "Wikipedian" even more loudly. It seems that the shared identity of "being Wikipedian" may be strong enough to triumph over other potentially divisive facets of personal identity, such as political affiliation.

El presente trabajo analiza el espacio público, la simbología y los medios comunicativos que ayudaron al Movimiento Gaitanista en la inserción de la mística popular durante los años 1944-1948. En otras palabras, explica por qué el movimiento Gaitanista logró un importante alcance en los sectores populares de la ciudad de Barranquilla, a pesar de no estar apoyado por los grandes medios de comunicación. Como principal planteamiento consideramos que fueron los semanarios, la prensa en pequeño formato, la radio y la simbología desplegada los que permitieron al gaitanismo alcanzar una trascendencia de facción política, que de otra forma no hubiera logrado.Palabras clave: Gaitanismo, Gaitán, Medios de comunicación, Política, Prensa, RadioAbstractThis work analyzes the communicative media and advertising for which the "Gaitanista movement" penetrated in the popular mysticism during the year 1944 and 1948. In other words, explain why the "Gaitanista movement" managed an important scope in the popular sectors of the city, in spite of being unsupported by the big mass media. Considering that the weeklies, the press in small format, the radio and the transmission of speeches, allowed to the Gaitanismo to reach a transcendence of political faction with the option more favorable for the elections of 1950, which of another form had not managed.Key words: Gaitanismo, Gaitán, Communications Media, Politics, Press, Radio.

This paper takes a qualitative look at corporate interests---and influence---of the mainstream media. It studies management/labor viewpoints and their respective play in the news sheets. And it calls on academics and journalists to shed light on the issue, through literature and interviews. The conversations explore many camouflaged aspects of news production, such as newsroom policy, editor manipulation, reporter self-censorship, personal perspectives, and practical limitations. They touch on trends, budgets, newspaper goals, monopolies, advertisers, readers, journalists, and asks for opinions on what system---past, present or imagined---represents the ideal. No pretences are made to disguise the respondent group as a random, representative sample, for it is not. This project provides anecdotal information from a behind-the-scenes perspective. The first chapter comprises a literature review; the second probes management-labor media coverage; the third focuses on advocacy advertising, using recent anti-Bill 40 (Ontario labor-law reform) ads as a case study, and dissects the issue through interviews with journalists; the fourth asks journalists for their thoughts on possible corporate influence in general. And the final chapter comprises conclusions and suggestions for improving our mass media system in order to promote democracy. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 39-02, page: 0310. Adviser: Jim Winter. Thesis (M.A.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 1995.