Suchergebnisse

This research is a field research by going directly to the community as informants to obtain data. The data were obtained through distributing questionnaires and interviews with young people in the Kobe District, Japan. These problems are summarized in a study entitled: Demographic Transition in Japanese Society One Socio-Cultural Study. In the data collection stage, a questionnaire method and Interview techniques were used. Meanwhile, the method used to analyze the data was descriptive method. In this study, the results of data analysis were presented using informal methods, namely explaining data by describing all elements descriptively. Factors causing the demographic transition experienced by Japanese society at this time include Japan's involvement in the World War, geographic contours that are prone to disasters, high cost of living, and the presence of sophisticated robots that are the choice of entertainers in Japanese society. From the problems that have occurred, there have been several efforts made by the Japanese Government, including announcing a special allowance program for families who want to give birth to more than three children. A working mother can use quite long leave both before and after giving birth.

A socio-anthropological theoretical framework of the so-called Grid-Group Cultural Theory provides a typological model for understanding and mapping of cultural biases (shared values and beliefs), corresponding social relations and strategic behaviours. The starting argument of this paper is that this model can be used to illuminate and investigate the socio-cultural differences in peacebuilding approaches as the four theoretical ideal-types of individualism, egalitarianism, hierarchy and fatalism, correspond to different peacebuilding approaches used by different international actors and in different post-conflict contexts. This typological understanding of approaches to peacebuilding enables also a theoretical analysis of socio-cultural viability of different approaches in different socio-cultural context. The final argument of this paper is thus that viable approaches to peacebuilding are those that are synchronized with the socio-cultural context, i.e., with the cultural bias, social relations and strategic behaviours used by the major social and political actors in the local society.

1. Industrial society, social change and sports culture -- 2. Case studies in the growth of modern sports -- 3. Debates, interpretations, theories -- 4. Social stratification and social division in sport -- 5. The social construction of identity and cultural reproduction -- 6. Sport and representation -- 7. Sporting bodies : disciplining and defining normality -- 8. Sport, the state and politics -- 9. Governance and sport -- 10. The labour market -- 11. Sport, commercialisation and commodification -- 12. Global transformations -- 13. Sport spaces, sites and events -- 14. Conclusion : methods for understanding sport culture.

Der Autor gibt in 14 Kapiteln einen prägnanten Überblick über die Sozialanthropologie Afrikas. Nach einer kurzen theoretischen Einführung zur Sozialanthropologie und den Methoden der Studie untersucht das Buch eine Vielzahl von Aspekten der afrikanischen Kultur: Religion, Symbolismus, Rituale, Gemeinschafts-, Ehe- und Familienleben, Bildende Künste. Beachtung wird auch dem soziokulturellen Wandel angesichts der Urbanisierung in Afrika geschenkt. (DÜI-Sbd)

Este artigo oferece uma desconstrução da idéia de 'crise' da antropologia, ligando-a com um modo de pensar em moda na virada do milênio, mas que recebeu pouco apoio na prática. Argumenta-se que esta noção de crise só pode ser aplicada a alguns segmentos da antropologia anglo-americana, não à disciplina como um todo. O artigo também inclui uma apresentação de alguns dos mais importantes debates e questões terminológicas presentes nos séculos 19 e 20, com ênfase especial no funcionalismo. Um dos argumentos é que algumas das críticas recentemente popularizadas da disciplina devem ser contextualizadas; sua relação com o colonialismo, por exemplo, dado que o papel do antropólogo neste empreendimento foi na verdade muito limitado. O artigo apresenta cinco grupos de temas cruciais para os quais a antropologia contemporânea se volta e sobre os quais algumas das pesquisas mais interessantes estão sendo feitas. Eles são: questões de identidade; pesquisas sobre o corpo; consumo e cultura material; estudos sobre espaço e hibridismo; mídia e cultura popular. Finalmente, advoga-se que a antropologia social e cultural desenvolveu-se muito desde 1911, alcançando um ponto em que pode servir como uma ferramenta poderosa para o entendimento de todas as complexidades do mundo contemporâneo.