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World Affairs Online
European colonial pasts and the EU's democracy-promoting present: silences and continuities
In: The international spectator: journal of the Istituto Affari Internazionali, Band 57, Heft 3, S. 103-120
ISSN: 1751-9721
World Affairs Online
Opening up the notion of "closing space": accounting for normative, actor, and political system diversity
In: Democratization, Band 29, Heft 3, S. 525-544
ISSN: 1743-890X
Why Covid-19 should not be considered as solely a humanitarian emergency
Should the health, social and political blast represented by the current pandemic lead humanitarian workers to break free from the principle of neutrality? In this article, the author gives a clearly affirmative answer to this question. Anna Khakee believes that humanitarian NGOs must take a stance so as not to be exploited by only helping to return to the status quo ante. ; peer-reviewed
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European democracy promotion in the Southern Mediterranean
International democracy promotion has always been contentious – today perhaps more than ever. Examples from the European neighborhood testify to this: analysts argue that democracy promotion is one of the key reasons for the worsening of relations between Russia and the West after 2011. The successive achievements of externally promoted so-called 'color revolutions' (in Serbia 2000, Georgia 2003 and Ukraine 2004) rattled Russian President Vladimir Putin, in particular after the post-election anti-government protests in Russia in 2011-2012. Putin viewed these protests as a direct threat to the current Russian political system and, importantly, as orchestrated from the West (McFaul, 2014). In 2014 he stated that "we see what tragic consequences the wave of so-called color revolutions led to. For us this is a lesson and a warning. We should do everything necessary so that nothing similar ever happens in Russia" (cited in Korsunskaya, 2014). A second example comes from the Southern Mediterranean: after the Arab uprisings Europe was roundly criticized for its lip service to democracy in the region. In fact, the European Union (EU) had combined democracy assistance programs with solid support for authoritarian leaders such as Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, Hosni Mubarak and Mohammed VI of Morocco (Hollies, 2012). Štefan Füle, European Commissioner for Enlargement and European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP), admitted as much: "We must show humility about the past. Europe was not vocal enough in defending human rights and local democratic forces in the region," he stressed in early 2011, adding that Europe should be standing with pro-democracy demonstrators and not "dictators" killing their citizens (Füle, 2011). ; peer-reviewed
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Democracy over power? The democratic decision-making process in the case of the attempted privatization of Estonia's power production
In: Communist and post-communist studies, Band 51, Heft 4, S. 361-373
ISSN: 0967-067X
The suspense-filled attempted partial privatization of the Narva Power Plants in the neo-liberal darling Estonia involved a rich cast, from trade unions and local scientists, via Estonian courts and ombudsmen to international consulting firms, major global banks and the US government. More important, a detailed single case study on the democratic decision-making process in this privatization case makes it possible to go beyond common generalizations regarding the consequences of neo-liberalism for democratic processes. It shows that purported proponents of economic neo-liberalism such as the US government sometimes use their arguments to advance the narrow business interests of politically well-connected firms. Established private firms can behave in a more rent-seeking manner than publicly owned, ex-communist companies. Liberal economic principles of open competition and a level playing-field are at times used by actors in the democratic process to question top-down, opaque economic decisions.
NGOs and global trade: non-state voices in EU trade policymaking
In: Global affairs, Band 3, Heft 3, S. 319-320
ISSN: 2334-0479
Democracy aid or autocracy aid? Unintended effects of democracy assistance in Morocco
In: The journal of North African studies, Band 22, Heft 2, S. 238-258
ISSN: 1743-9345
Democracy aid or autocracy aid?: Unintended effects of democracy assistance in Morocco
In: The journal of North African studies, Band 22, Heft 2, S. 238-258
ISSN: 1362-9387
World Affairs Online
Democratization: a critical introduction, 2nd ed., by Jean Grugel and Matthew Louis Bishop
In: Democratization, Band 21, Heft 7, S. 1355-1356
ISSN: 1743-890X
Democratization : a critical introduction, 2nd ed., by Jean Grugel and Matthew Louis Bishop [book review]
Democratization: A Critical Introduction offers what the title promises: a critical – but not dogmatic – introductory text to democratization in theory and practice. The book is divided into three parts: the Introduction and Chapters 1 – 3 set the stage by discussing conceptions of democracy and democratization, the historical evolution of democracy globally, and the way that theorizing about democratization has evolved over the last decades. In the second part (Chapters 4– 6), the authors delineate their own theoretical framework for understanding both the causes of democratization and why some democratization trajectories have been more successful than others. The proposed framework, centring on the role of the state, civil society, and the global context, builds on elements of previous democratization theories, and in particular historical sociology, the agency approach, and critical international political economy. Chapters 7 –11 are devoted to empirically applying the authors' theory across the main regions of the world: Europe (including both Southern Europe and the countries of the former Eastern bloc), Latin America, sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East (which is defined broadly to include also the Maghreb), and Asia. The focus is thus on "third wave" democratization attempts. Throughout the book, there are a number of boxes providing more detail on specific subjects touched upon in the text: Schumpeterian democracy, "uncivil" society, corporatism and populism in Latin America, political Islam and democracy, and so on. ; peer-reviewed
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Blessed Is He Who Considers the Human Rights Paradigm: Maltese Aid between Charity and Human Rights and between Catholicism and Secularism
In: Mediterranean quarterly: a journal of global issues, Band 25, Heft 3, S. 99-122
ISSN: 1047-4552
The MINURSO mandate, human rights and the autonomy solution for Western Sahara
In: Mediterranean politics, Band 19, Heft 3, S. 456-462
ISSN: 1354-2982, 1362-9395
World Affairs Online
The MINURSO Mandate, Human Rights and the Autonomy Solution for Western Sahara
In: Mediterranean politics, Band 19, Heft 3, S. 456-462
ISSN: 1743-9418
Tunisia's democratisation : is Europe rising to the occasion?
Disappointing' is the word Tunisian actors most frequently use to describe the European response to the Tunisian revolution so far. Drawing from extensive interviews with key Tunisian actors, this brief examines the reasons for this disappointment. Not all is bleak; some aspects of the European response have won appreciation from Tunisians. But criticism exceeds appreciation of what the EU has done so far. Not all Tunisian criticism of the EU may be entirely fair; a large share is directed mainly at individual European states. But this report offers pointers that policy-makers should heed, on where Tunisians would like to see improvement in their relations with the Union. ; peer-reviewed
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