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This paper provides a first glance at the Intellectual Property Chapter of the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between the Southern Common Market (MERCOSUR) and the European Union (EU). It is not intended to provide an exhaustive analysis of the commitments involved but rather to briefly review the scope of intellectual property in the bi-regional negotiations, which took more than 20 years and ended in June 2019 with an "agreement in principle." It also aims to put the Chapter into context with the whole commitments covered by the FTA and, finally, to highlight its most relevant aspects.

In the process of occupational changes connected to digitisation, lifelong learning continues to gain in importance. Using microdata from the German microcensus for 2011 and 2016 the article finds that in North Rhine-Westphalia participation in adult education is significantly lower than in other Länder. Most importantly, it is less likely for workers in North Rhine-Westphalia to participate than for workers with a similar qualification and age in Southern and Northern Germany. Among the policy measures designed to meet the challenges of ongoing structural change, encouragement of participation in adult education is therefore a likely step.

In research on policy learning, target groups' responses have been insufficiently investigated. This article aims to expand the theory of policy learning by focusing on the effect of policy layering on disparity in learning among target groups, and its social consequences. Using the case of South Korea's education policy, we show that policy layering to pursue multiple goals over 25 years has resulted in a complexly layered policy structure that has generated a discriminatory effect among different target groups and policy instability. We conclude that research on target groups renders implications for effective and ethical policy learning.

Southern Italian dialects exhibit a peculiar morphosyntactic device in licensing possessives in non‑definite noun phrases, i.e. the insertion of the functional element de followed by the definite article. This strategy shows striking similarities with the functional element A(-) employed in Romanian to introduce a possessive or a noun phrase marked as a genitive when it is not linearly preceded by a noun phrase marked as definite. This paper proves that an identical syntactic structure is detectable in both groups of varieties which stems from the definiteness requirements of the genitive.

Abstract
The Central Asian states stepped into independence with governments appropriating the nation-state legacy that was inherited from the Soviet era and popular masses appropriating their traditional identity that was suppressed during most of the Soviet era. This article examines the space between the state and society within the context of development and change in the religious material culture in the Syr Darya valley of Southern Kazakhstan. As such this work contributes to the growing literature examining how top-down and bottom-up processes simultaneously operate during post-Soviet national identity formation.

Latin American countries have evolved over the years. Still, after years of military reign, socioeconomic-instability, and civil wars, the region has been known for its anti-hegemonic economic growth (educational-policies) strategies. Central and South America's educational system has long been under investigation by researchers both theoretically and empirically. The transition of its education system through the introduction of centralized, liberalized, and populist ideology has sparked many researchers' interest. This paper aims to understand and compare 14 Latin American countries' education orientation. The study uses a matrix table to visualize the qualitative finding.

Cities face increasing housing needs, particularly in Southern European countries, as well as tightening constraints on public expenditure. The mismatch between income levels and housing costs has come to concern a larger and more diversified share of the population so that housing needs strike beyond the poorest and most underprivileged profiles. This article discusses the outcomes of fieldwork conducted in San Donato Milanese, a medium-sized, affluent town in the Milan metropolitan area, to explore the changing facets of housing issues and the margins for action that can innovate local public action.

This paper addresses the challenge of security sector reform (SSR) in democratizing Sudan. The former regime developed a sprawling, expensive, corrupt, brutal and ineffective array of military forces, paramilitaries, and security units. The popular uprising that overthrew this regime sought to bring democracy, end the long-running wars in Darfur and the "Two Areas" of Southern Kordofan and Blue Nile, revitalize the economy, end corruption, and reform and downsize the security sector. All these objectives have faced formidable obstacles. Security sector reform has scarcely made it to the political agenda.

SUMMARY
Financial technology, or simply 'fin-tech', is increasingly seen as one of the key tools to facilitate poverty reduction and local economic development. One article in particular by Tavneet Suri and William Jack published in the leading publication Science has played a hugely influential role in promoting the fin-tech model in the global South using the example of Kenya's iconic M-Pesa money transfer platform. The authors' central claim is that M-Pesa has been instrumental in facilitating a major episode of poverty reduction. Our analysis shows that their analysis and claims are extremely problematic.

This Data Atlas of Byzantine and Ottoman Material Culture involves the archiving, storing and making accessible of Medieval and Post-Medieval data from several archaeological missions in the eastern Mediterranean (period 600–2000 ad). The data mainly originate from pottery studies carried out during excavations in four major urban centres and during two surface surveys in their respective surroundings. The urban sites are Butrint in southern Albania, Athens in central Greece, Ephesus in western Turkey and Tarsus in eastern Turkey, the material culture of which is studied in relation to archaeological finds from rural settlements and towns in their hinterlands (e.g., Aetolia, Boeotia).

AbstractForty years after Jaws, sharks have become savable subjects. Through public advocacy and personal adventures, shark conservationists claim these animals are not monstrous, but misunderstood. On rare occasions, the success of their advocacy is tempered by a fatal encounter, or "attack." When this happens, multiple intentionalities emerge around the aesthetic category of the monstrous. Drawing on ethnographic and archival research in Western Australia, New England, and South Florida, this article examines these ways of being‐toward‐sharks in ongoing colonial contexts, and asks what is at stake when humans enter the sea alongside these large predatory animals.

Der Essay geht der Frage nach, welche Voraussetzungen gegeben sein müssen, damit Kinder "sprechen" können und ihre Stimmen "gehört" werden. Er setzt sich kritisch mit der gängigen Rede und Praxis von Kinderpartizipation auseinander und lotet die Möglichkeiten der Selbstrepräsentation von Kindern aus. Zur Veranschaulichung werden Beispiele aus dem Globalen Norden und Globalen Süden angeführt. (DIPF/Orig.) ; The essay examines the question of what prerequisites must be met for children to be able to "speak" and their voices to be "heard". It takes a critical look at the current talk and practice of child participation and explores the possibilities of children's self-representation. For illustration purposes, examples from the Global North and Global South are cited. (DIPF/Orig.)

We discuss case studies of three South Island small towns: Ashburton, Timaru and Oamaru and their wider local authority jurisdictions, focusing on how local stake holders are defining the issues facing these places and identifying, prioritising and investing in regeneration initiatives, sometimes with the support of central govern ment and other external agencies. Our key finding is that small-town regeneration is complex, demands a long-term local collaborative approach, and significant investment in skills, information sharing and programme development, some of which needs to be provided by external, central government, agencies.

AbstractThis article looks into the value of art education in helping out‐of‐school adolescents to reintegrate to the local community due to armed conflicts in Zamboanga City, Southern Philippines. Using focus group discussion, which was carried out with adolescents living in transitory sites, permanent shelters and informal settlements in the city, findings have revealed that participants in the programme gained knowledge, developed positive attitude and communication skills and practiced peace building behaviours that benefited them, their families and the community at large because of their involvement in the programme. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

This study conceptualizes anti‐government sentiment and tests the relationships between anti‐government sentiment and three antecedents (i.e., ethics failure, compassionate leadership, and communication strategy). An online survey (n = 1,112) was conducted in South Korea. Exploratory factor analysis with principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis was conducted on the measures proposed for anti‐government sentiment. The hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. Results show that publics' perceptions of the government's ethics failure, lack of compassionate leadership, and use of a buffering strategy for communication are positively related to their anti‐government sentiment toward the incumbent government.