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AbstractThe United States has more than 3.5 million miles of rivers and streams that, along with closely associated floodplain and upland areas, comprise corridors of great economic, social, cultural, and environmental value. These corridors support higher rates of biological productivity than almost any other landscape feature. They also contribute significantly to each military installation's unique character. Interest in restoring stream corridor ecosystems is expanding rapidly in the United States. With this in mind, 15 federal agencies formed the Federal Interagency Stream Restoration Working Group in 1995 to seek consensus on the fundamentals of modern approaches to stream restoration and to promote awareness and use of these methods throughout the nation. This unprecedented collaboration produced a comprehensive publication, entitled Stream Corridor Restoration: Principles, Processes, and Practices, which has begun to serve as a foundation of stream corridor restoration knowledge and practice nationwide. Attention to these aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems is a common theme of both Integrated Training Area Management (ITAM) program and stream corridor restoration. ITAM is the Army's strategy for focusing on sustained use of training and testing lands. Cross‐program innovation and field‐tested stream restoration methods can combine to provide greater sustainability for Department of Defense maneuver areas and ranges over both the short and long term.

Market-based approaches to conservation -- How stream restoration was born, and what came of it -- How markets, and mitigation, came to be accepted forms of environmental regulation -- The actors in stream mitigation banking -- How mitigation banks work, and the biography of a bank -- The mangle of practice -- Conclusion: Can markets for ecosystem services fix conservation?

Green and blue infrastructure in cities -- Climate change : mitigation and adaptation strategies -- Environmental and ecological imbalances in dense urban areas -- Water in urban areas : ecological and environmental issues and strategies -- Ecosystem services in urban areas : social, environmental, and economic benefits -- Green and blue infrastructure : vegetated systems -- Green and blue infrastructure : unvegetated systems -- Urban river restoration -- Strategies and techniques : case studies -- Green and blue infrastructure top-down policies -- Bottom-up initiatives for green and blue infrastructure -- Selection of management practices and guidelines -- Opportunities and policies : case studies

International audience ; Urban rivers are highly disturbed ecosystems. Indeed, urban rivers have been dammed and sometimes buried. The aim was to reduce the risk of flooding and solve health problems due to water pollution. In the mid-20th century, many cities have turned banks into parking. Cities and rivers were therefore separated due to urban development. Since the 1960s and 1970s, the water policy was to build or upgrade the wastewater treatment plants and water treatment plants. In Europe and North America, however, the legislation has evolved over the last fifteen years for increased and overall protection of aquatic ecosystems. The hydromorphological river restoration is now a priority of the new water policy in Europe. This is why cities are experimenting with today's renaturation projects of urban rivers: both territorial marketing and sustainable development. This article defines the concept of renaturation. The paper also presents two case studies: Quebec in Canada and Lyon in France to evaluate the advantages and limitations of this concept.

International audience ; Urban rivers are highly disturbed ecosystems. Indeed, urban rivers have been dammed and sometimes buried. The aim was to reduce the risk of flooding and solve health problems due to water pollution. In the mid-20th century, many cities have turned banks into parking. Cities and rivers were therefore separated due to urban development. Since the 1960s and 1970s, the water policy was to build or upgrade the wastewater treatment plants and water treatment plants. In Europe and North America, however, the legislation has evolved over the last fifteen years for increased and overall protection of aquatic ecosystems. The hydromorphological river restoration is now a priority of the new water policy in Europe. This is why cities are experimenting with today's renaturation projects of urban rivers: both territorial marketing and sustainable development. This article defines the concept of renaturation. The paper also presents two case studies: Quebec in Canada and Lyon in France to evaluate the advantages and limitations of this concept.

International audience ; Urban rivers are highly disturbed ecosystems. Indeed, urban rivers have been dammed and sometimes buried. The aim was to reduce the risk of flooding and solve health problems due to water pollution. In the mid-20th century, many cities have turned banks into parking. Cities and rivers were therefore separated due to urban development. Since the 1960s and 1970s, the water policy was to build or upgrade the wastewater treatment plants and water treatment plants. In Europe and North America, however, the legislation has evolved over the last fifteen years for increased and overall protection of aquatic ecosystems. The hydromorphological river restoration is now a priority of the new water policy in Europe. This is why cities are experimenting with today's renaturation projects of urban rivers: both territorial marketing and sustainable development. This article defines the concept of renaturation. The paper also presents two case studies: Quebec in Canada and Lyon in France to evaluate the advantages and limitations of this concept.

International audience ; Urban rivers are highly disturbed ecosystems. Indeed, urban rivers have been dammed and sometimes buried. The aim was to reduce the risk of flooding and solve health problems due to water pollution. In the mid-20th century, many cities have turned banks into parking. Cities and rivers were therefore separated due to urban development. Since the 1960s and 1970s, the water policy was to build or upgrade the wastewater treatment plants and water treatment plants. In Europe and North America, however, the legislation has evolved over the last fifteen years for increased and overall protection of aquatic ecosystems. The hydromorphological river restoration is now a priority of the new water policy in Europe. This is why cities are experimenting with today's renaturation projects of urban rivers: both territorial marketing and sustainable development. This article defines the concept of renaturation. The paper also presents two case studies: Quebec in Canada and Lyon in France to evaluate the advantages and limitations of this concept.

International audience ; Urban rivers are highly disturbed ecosystems. Indeed, urban rivers have been dammed and sometimes buried. The aim was to reduce the risk of flooding and solve health problems due to water pollution. In the mid-20th century, many cities have turned banks into parking. Cities and rivers were therefore separated due to urban development. Since the 1960s and 1970s, the water policy was to build or upgrade the wastewater treatment plants and water treatment plants. In Europe and North America, however, the legislation has evolved over the last fifteen years for increased and overall protection of aquatic ecosystems. The hydromorphological river restoration is now a priority of the new water policy in Europe. This is why cities are experimenting with today's renaturation projects of urban rivers: both territorial marketing and sustainable development. This article defines the concept of renaturation. The paper also presents two case studies: Quebec in Canada and Lyon in France to evaluate the advantages and limitations of this concept.

"River restoration has expanded exponentially in the last three decades, with increased investment by government agencies, private developers, and NGOs. The available literature -- both scholarly works and government guidance manuals -- has grown proportionately, but has been almost entirely about ecological, hydrological, and geomorphological aspects of restoration. Yet the primary issues faced by many restoration programs have more to do with legal, economic, and institutional barriers and public perception and acceptance, than with physical and ecological constraints (though these can be formidable as well). Diverse issues such as the installation of habitat structures and replanting along a small creek by a local group, or a major program to restore complex habitat, a more natural flow regime, and sediment supply to a river below a dam, require an understanding of the social dimensions of river restoration projects. For anyone funding, permitting, planning, designing, or building river restoration projects, a concise, up-to-date, clearly organized treatment of the critical socio-economic issues relevant to river restoration will be a very useful asset. Most people involved in restoration projects (ecologists, engineers, landscape architects, hydrologists) lack a strong background in the social sciences. Increasingly however, these professionals understand that they must consider social dimensions. This book will fill a critical gap in their libraries summarizing how social approaches can contribute to river restoration projects and policies. The aim of this book is to present and synthesize understanding from recent advances in social sciences related to river restoration. It will cover not only supposedly "intangible" social phenomena -- such as ethics, culture and justice -- but also very tangible practical aspects -- including policy, governance, project management, decision making and stakeholder interactions -- to give a complete picture of the sometimes complex interaction of issues in river restoration."--

This book explores the leadership of state and federal environmental agencies and local environmental groups in restoring the degraded rivers that flow into North Americas Great Lakes and other sites in the northeastern industrial corridor of the US. Robinson examines twenty of the forty-eight sites included in the Areas of Concern Program of the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement between Canada and the US. These twenty include heavily urbanized locales such as those along the River Rouge and Detroit River, but also more pristine locales such as the St. Louis River that flows through Duluth. Additionally, Robinson examines challenging river restorations within the northeastern industrial corridor which are led by effective local environmental advocacy organizations: the Penobscot Nation of Indigenous People, the Mystic River Watershed Association, and the Housatonic River Valley Association. All of these river restorations are led and managed by the environmental experts of (i) state and federal agencies, (ii) academia, and (iii) environmental NGOs. Local restorations of industrially degraded water bodies now compose a significant segment of the environmental movement and, ultimately, Robinson demonstrates that local environmental advocacy organizations can help marshal state and local funding for those efforts. Richard M. Robinson is Professor of Business at the State University of New York at Fredonia (SUNY Fredonia), USA. He is the author of Environmental Organizations and Reasoned Discourse (2021), Business Ethics: Kant, Virtue, and the Nexus of Duty (2021), and The Imperfect Duties of Management (2018).

There are many sources of urban river degradation from channel straightening and culverting for flood control and development, to point and non-point source pollution, and altered flow regimes due to urbanization and increased impervious surfaces. In this study, we focus on the hydrologic impact of impervious surfaces in an urban watershed in the East Bay area. We used the Water Framework Directive (WFD), recent legislation in Europe, to understand how a watershed approach and systematic waterbody characterization can guide restoration efforts. Specifically, we applied the WFD to Sausal Creek Watershed and developed a conceptual restoration plan that incorporates watershed-scale low impact designs (LID) to restore a natural flow regime and in-stream restoration to enhance the physical habitat. We modeled the change in runoff due to urbanization, and calculated the total area required to mitigate for stormwater. Our results show a nearly two-fold increase in peak flow from pre-development to today. To mitigate for increased impervious surfaces 38-57% of the basin would need to drain to LID sites. We compared the cost of LID with the cost of in-stream restoration and found in-stream restoration of the entire three mile channel would be equivalent to treating one-sixth of the watershed with LID. Finally, we developed a short-term and long-term program of measures to restore Sausal Creek.