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Bulbophyllum bicolor Lindl. is one of eleven species of the genus found in Hong Kong, and one of three regarded as endemic or near‐endemic to the tiny territory. The species' taxonomy, affinities, ecology and precarious status are discussed, and notes are provided on its cultivation.

The dynamics and persistence of proteinaceous compounds during pedogenesis are major mechanisms of soil formation and determinants of organic matter (OM) turnover. We investigated the accumulation patterns of proteinogenic amino acids associated with minerals dominated by permanently negative charges (primary silica minerals) and related these to vegetative and belowground microbial succession during soil ecosystem development. Positively-charged amino acids (arginine, lysine, histidine), extracted from whole soil pool using 6 M HCl, showed clear patterns of accumulation, increasing similar to 65% during 4010 years of development, while negatively charged amino acids (glutamic acid, aspartic acid) decreased similar to 13%. In the mineral associated sub-pool, positively charged amino acids were approximately similar to 431% more enriched, while negatively charged amino acids were similar to 38% depleted as compared to the whole soil pool. The multivariate ordination of soil bacterial community structure based on a 16s ribosomal RNA gene analysis and that of the aboveground plant community structure predicted 71% (p < 0.0001) and 66% (p < 0.0001) of the amino acid dynamics, respectively, during soil ecosystem development. Ala-rich Actinobacteria abundance declined with the year of development, concomitant with the decrease of Ala content in soil (r(2) = 0.82, p = 0.0019). His-rich Acidobacteria and His in soil both increased with the year of development (r(2) = 0.92, p = 0.0022). In support of the main hypothesis, the relative distribution of proteinogenic amino acids changed during pedogenesis with evidence indicating that biological communities and minerals play roles as source and sink of OM in soil, respectively. ; United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture Foundational Programs [2011-03815] ; This research was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture Foundational Programs (grant# 2011-03815). We thank Drs. Brian D. Strahm, Richard F. Helm, Richard E. Veilleux, Richard Rodrigues, Ms. Kerri Mills, and Hua Xiao for insightful suggestions and comments on this work. We acknowledge Dr. Shankar G. Shanmugam for collecting soil samples from Lake Michigan chronosequence, Dr. Madhavi L. Kakumanu for the density fractionation of soils, and Dr. Chao Shang for technical advice on the HPLC instrumentation. We also thank the technical staffs at the National Synchrotron Light Sources, Brookhaven National Laboratory. ; Public domain authored by a U.S. government employee

Introduction & BackgroundThe types of challenges police and ambulance services deal with often overlap, for instance supporting those who suffer from mental ill-health. Research has shown that emergency service problems often concentrate, but also that some individuals who come to the attention of one service may not be as visible to another despite their overlap in roles.
Objectives & ApproachThis study explored how routinely collected 999 data may reveal insights into how these services support potentially vulnerable populations. We argue that better understanding the nature and distribution of vulnerability-related calls may help to inform future preventative or harm reduction-based interventions. We analysed administrative data provided by Yorkshire Ambulance Service for the Bradford region through the Connected Bradford research database, posing the following questions: (1) can 999 call data provide insights into vulnerability-related incidents attended by ambulances?; (2) where and when are these incidents most prevalent?; and (3) what are the spatial patterns of calls and patient home locations associated with them?
Relevance to Digital FootprintsWe first select calls associated with nine callout reasons indicative of vulnerability. Patients can choose to share their data with each healthcare service they use, so we harnessed this digital footprint to analyse the spatial distribution of call locations (at postcode sector level) and patient home location (at MSOA level).
ResultsResults indicate substantial concentrations of vulnerability-related calls in multiple postcode sectors including the City Centre (where we estimate 18% of calls may be vulnerability-related) and several other areas which are associated with deprivation. Exploring flows of people from their home location to incident location we also see substantial spatial variation in the locations in which patients involved in these types of incidents reside.
Conclusions & ImplicationsThese analyses represent initial efforts to better understand how vulnerable groups are supported by public services, and have the potential to inform future resource allocation and targeting of upstream interventions.

Linking administrative data from Yorkshire Ambulance Service with primary health care data, this research project aims to answer the question, "What can YAS data tell us about how vulnerable populations interact with the service in Bradford?"
We selected 9 primary callout reasons as recorded in the data that could be vulnerability-related, and explored patterns of these both spatially and temporally, with comparison to all other callout reasons. The data also includes a pseudonymised NHS number which allows linkage with other datasets for which the patient has shared this identifier. In this case, we took their home LSOA to create a rudimentary gravity model visualising flows of people from their home location to their ambulance incident location.
Key findings include that vulnerability-related callouts were more frequent in the evenings and overnight on weekends, and concentrated on specific areas, both in terms of where incidents occur and areas from which callers originate. In terms of the individuals behind the calls, we found that while callers from both subsets were more likely to be female, the average age of callers for vulnerability-related incidents was almost 20 years younger than callers for all other reasons. Additionally, we discovered which callout reasons were most likely to see individuals requiring an ambulance multiple times.
This research provides valuable policy-relevant insights into emergency service demand relating to vulnerable populations in the Bradford region, highlighting the importance of understanding the needs of vulnerable populations to ensure that emergency services are allocated effectively and efficiently.

Touhey, R ; Woo, Y. P.: Canada and Asia. - S. 875-877 Kawasaki, T.: Strangers no longer : The identity shift in the Canada-Japan relationship. - S. 879-890 Jiang, W.: Seeking a strategic vision for Canada-China relations. - S. 891-909 Touhey, R.: From periphery to priority : Lessons of the Canada-India relationship 1976-2009. - S. 911-925 Stubbs, R. ; Williams, M. S.: The poor cousin? Canada - ASEAN relations. - S. 927-939 Kim, R. B. ; Bureau, S.: Canada-Korea economic relations. - S. 941-952 A conversation on Canada-Asia relations. - S. 953-971 Ciuriak, D. ; Curtis, J. M.: Canada's commercial relationship with Asia. - S. 973-987 Chin, G.: Shifting purpose : Asia's rise and Canada's foreign aid. - S. 989-1009 Yu, H.: Global migrants and the new Pacific Canada. - S. 1011-1026 Evans, P.: Canada and Asia Pacific's track-two diplomacy. - S. 1027-1038 Donaghy, G.: To know and be known : The Department of External Affairs and the creation of the Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada, 1978-194. - S. 1039-1054

We examined the influence of backrest inclination and vergence demand on the posture and gaze angle that workers adopt to view visual targets placed in different vertical locations. In the study, 12 participants viewed a small video monitor placed in 7 locations around a 0.65-m radius arc (from 65° below to 30° above horizontal eye height). Trunk posture was manipulated by changing the backrest inclination of an adjustable chair. Vergence demand was manipulated by using ophthalmic lenses and prisms to mimic the visual consequences of varying target distance. Changes in vertical target location caused large changes in atlanto-occipital posture and gaze angle. Cervical posture was altered to a lesser extent by changes in vertical target location. Participants compensated for changes in backrest inclination by changing cervical posture, though they did not significantly alter atlanto-occipital posture and gaze angle. The posture adopted to view any target represents a compromise between visual and musculoskeletal demands. These results provide support for the argument that the optimal location of visual targets is at least 15° below horizontal eye level. Actual or potential applications of this work include the layout of computer workstations and the viewing of displays from a seated posture.