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In the context of the rise of the novel in eighteenth-century Britain, this article examines the understudied production of Elizabeth Helme (c. 1743-1814), who enjoyed a long and successful career as a writer of novels, as a translator and essayist. Special attention will be paid to Helme's reception in the English press and the translations of her novels into Spanish and French. It will further argue that Helme's own practice as author, translator, and translated author configured a synergy of knowledge-building that allowed her to articulate her own style as a writer and posed a critical reflection about the art of writing, particularly in her non-fiction work that remains largely unexplored. More generally, Helme's eclectic approach is indicative of the ways in which eighteenth-century translation and writing practice can foster reflection on literary theory and criticism by confronting the author with the function of their own work.

A Vision: Wherein is Manifested theDisease and Cure of the Kingdome(1648) is Elizabeth Poole's account ofthe prophecies she delivered beforeCromwell and the Puritan Army'sGeneral Council as they debated theregicide of Charles I at the end of thefirst English Civil War in 1648-49. Inher "message", Poole invokes theanalogy between king and husband toadvise the Army officers not to executethe "head" of their "body"; however,she gives this analogy a radical twistwhen she adds that the Council shoulddivorce the king instead, since he hadviolated the terms of his "marriage" bybehaving abusively and tyrannically.While the circumstances surroundingPoole's participation in the Whitehalldeliberations are unclear, herappearance represents a rare case of awoman's direct involvement in the midseventeenth-century discussions of thescope and legitimacy of government.This article discusses the reception ofElizabeth Poole's text by hercontemporaries, as seen in her owndefence of her right to relaying herdivinely inspired opinion in print. ; A Vision: Wherein is Manifested theDisease and Cure of the Kingdome (1648)es el relato de Elizabeth Poole de lasprofecías que comunicó ante Cromwell y elConsejo General del Ejército puritanomientras se debatía el regicidio de Carlos Ide Inglaterra al término de la primeraGuerra Civil en 1648-49. En su "mensaje",Poole invoca la analogía entre rey y esposopara aconsejar a los miembros del ejércitoque no ejecuten la "cabeza" de su "cuerpo";no obstante, Poole da un giro radical a estaanalogía cuando añade que Cromwelldebería divorciarse del rey ya que éste haviolado los términos de su "matrimonio" alcomportarse de forma tiránica y abusiva.Aunque las circunstancias que rodearon laparticipación de Poole en las deliberacionesde Whitehall son poco claras, sucomparecencia supone un caso único deimplicación directa de una mujer en losdebates sobre el alcance y la legitimidad delgobierno a mediados del siglo XVII. Esteartículo aborda la recepción del texto deElizabeth Poole por parte de suscontemporáneos, tal como se aprecia en ladefensa que la autora hace de su derecho a comunicar y publicar una opinión de inspiración divina.

La fundación de la Royal Society de Londres en 1660 posibilitó la exposición pública de los debates entre ciencia empírica y saber humanista que se habían estado gestando en décadas anteriores. La revolución puritana, proclive a una concepción esencialista y revelacionista del orden de las cosas, tanto en materia científica como en política y religiosa, se vio abocada a una reformulación conceptual tras la restauración monárquica de Carlos II, entre la que se contaba una voluntad de profesionalizar el conocimiento, el método y la práctica científica. Ello favorecía una aproximación a los saberes de naciones rivales tanto en casa como en el nuevo mundo.El presente artículo propone una aproximación a los matices de estos debates científico-religiosos que sacaron a la luz la necesidad de reformar e integrar el saber humanista del siglo xvi con las corrientes más experimentales. La figura del médico y autor Henry Stubbe, y su obra The Indian Nectar, or a Discourse concerning Chocolata (1662) pone de manifiesto las dificultades para integrar el saber humanista y empírico, así como sus puntos de contacto con las nuevas estructuras de pensamiento científico, político y religioso a las que se ve obligado a adaptarse. ; The founding of the Royal Society of London in 1660 enabled the public exposure of the debates between empirical science and humanist learning that had been an object of contention in previous decades. The Puritan revolution, leaning towards an essentialist and revelatory notion of the order of things -both in science and in political and religious matters- was heading for a conceptual reshuffling after the Restoration of the English monarchy in 1660, in which Charles II would seek a professionalization of knowledge, its methodologies and scientific practice. This implied a better grasp of the learning stemming from rival nations, both at home and in the New World.The present article examines the nuances of these scientific and religious debates that brought to light the need to reform and integrate sixteenth-century Humanist learning with more experimental currents. The figure of the physician and writer Henry Stubbe, with his work The Indian Nectar, or a Discourse concerning Chocolata (1662), reveals the difficulties to integrate Humanist and empirical knowledge, as well as its points of contact and adjustments with the new structures of scientific, political, and religious wisdom.

A Vision: Wherein is Manifested the Disease and Cure of the Kingdome (1648) is Elizabeth Poole's account of the prophecies she delivered before Cromwell and the Puritan Army's General Council as they debated the regicide of Charles I at the end of the first English Civil War in 1648-49. In her "message", Poole invokes the analogy between king and husband to advise the Army officers not to execute the "head" of their "body"; however, she gives this analogy a radical twist when she adds that the Council should divorce the king instead, since he had violated the terms of his "marriage" by behaving abusively and tyrannically. While the circumstances surrounding Poole's participation in the Whitehall deliberations are unclear, her appearance represents a rare case of a woman's direct involvement in the midseventeenth-century discussions of the scope and legitimacy of government. This article discusses the reception of Elizabeth Poole's text by her contemporaries, as seen in her own defence of her right to relaying her divinely inspired opinion in print.

A Vision: Wherein is Manifested the Disease and Cure of the Kingdome (1648) is Elizabeth Poole's account of the prophecies she delivered before Cromwell and the Puritan Army's General Council as they debated the regicide of Charles I at the end of the first English Civil War in 1648-49. In her "message", Poole invokes the analogy between king and husband to advise the Army officers not to execute the "head" of their "body"; however, she gives this analogy a radical twist when she adds that the Council should divorce the king instead, since he had violated the terms of his "marriage" by behaving abusively and tyrannically. While the circumstances surrounding Poole's participation in the Whitehall deliberations are unclear, her appearance represents a rare case of a woman's direct involvement in the mid-seventeenth-century discussions of the scope and legitimacy of government. This article discusses the reception of Elizabeth Poole's text by her contemporaries, as seen in her own defence of her right to relaying her divinely inspired opinion in print. ; A Vision: Wherein is Manifested the Disease and Cure of the Kingdome (1648) es el relato de Elizabeth Poole de las profecías que comunicó ante Cromwell y el Consejo General del Ejército puritano mientras se debatía el regicidio de Carlos I de Inglaterra al término de la primera Guerra Civil en 1648-49. En su "mensaje", Poole invoca la analogía entre rey y esposo para aconsejar a los miembros del ejército que no ejecuten la "cabeza" de su "cuerpo"; no obstante, Poole da un giro radical a esta analogía cuando añade que Cromwell debería divorciarse del rey ya que éste ha violado los términos de su "matrimonio" al comportarse de forma tiránica y abusiva. Aunque las circunstancias que rodearon la participación de Poole en las deliberaciones de Whitehall son poco claras, su comparecencia supone un caso único de implicación directa de una mujer en los debates sobre el alcance y la legitimidad del gobierno a mediados del siglo XVII. Este artículo aborda la recepción del texto de Elizabeth Poole por parte de sus contemporáneos, tal como se aprecia en la defensa que la autora hace de su derecho a comunicar y publicar una opinion de inspiración divina.

Patronage was a common practice for many early modern authors, but it was a public activity involving engagement with politics, politicians and the rich and famous, and we know of relatively few women writers who profited from the benefits of patronage. The system of patronage altered, however, during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries and one particular case study brings to light some of the possibilities and difficulties of this system for women writers. Elisabeth Hoofman (1664–1736) was a Dutch poet whose authorship was representative of that of many writing women around 1700: born in a rich family, she wrote poetry in order to establish and consolidate contacts in a wealthy circle of friends and family, refusing to publish any of her poems. Her authorship status seems to have changed, though, after she and her husband lost their fortune and turned to rich patrons to secure their living. The circle of people addressed in her poetry broadened to powerful men from outside of her intimate network and she started to print-publish. In this chapter, Hoofman's opportunities to contribute to the family income as a woman writer along with her ability and necessity to manage her reputation are analysed with and through her poetry.

This essay discusses how in the Renaissance period, when revenge tragedies were considered the trend in terms of artistic composition and entertainment, Thomas Kyd's The Spanish Tragedy becomes a more complex and developed notion of this genre. Kyd introduces a plot of male violence and political chaos but above all, a psychological developed female character. Bel-Imperia is the focus of my analysis. At a time of social and political unrest, why is she the one to restore social order through a relative successful act of revenge? What are the reasons motivating her deeds? This paper shows the importance of Bel-Imperia's love in the success of revenge. By analyzing Bel-Imperia's deeds and language, and in contrast with the main male character, Hieronimo, the argument of love as a purveyor of social order gains force and becomes the embodiment of a notion of spiritual love that imposes itself over patriarchy, violence and madness. ; Aquest treball analitza en profunditat l'obra clau de Thomas Kyd The Spanish Tragedy per a mostrar que és molt més complexa que una típica tragèdia Senequista. Més específicament, la intenció d'aquest treball és mostrar com la venjança més exitosa és aquella que es basa no en instints, violència i passions desenfrenades, però en amor espiritual. Centrant-nos en el personatge femení, Bel-Imperia, és possible desestabilitzar les visions d'acadèmics per mostrar que la relevància d'aquest personatge ve donada per la motivació de la seva venjança, una motivació honorable que posa èmfasi en els sentiments profunds i lleials d'una amant, l'amor espiritual. De fet, és gràcies a l'amor que la venjança s'acompleix deixant una sensación de pau i ordre social. De fet, només l'amor és capaç de fer justícia on la llei mateixa no n'és capaç.