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Tra le tante opere che Oscar Niemeyer produsse nella sua lunghissima carriera, i memoriali sono un tema a lui molto caro, in quanto dimostrano più chiaramente di qualsiasi edificio il costante impegno sociale e politico che caratterizzò tutto il suo agire professionale e umano.

Modernity is characterized by governments have sought to govern the urban condition through direct regulatory interventions such as those prescribed in the Athens Charter and adopted worldwide for many decades. However, the governance tools for urban design have demonstrated not to be able to elaborate new urban models able to represent the multiplicity of the existing city. This lack of planning-design consequentiality is well represented in the Mediterranean port-cities because of the co-existence of different and even contradictory issues, as within the Mediterranean port-cities conflicting dualities can be found: on the one hand there is the relationship between the city and its heritage, while on the other there is the relationship between the new role the historic port and the modern, commercial, harbor. These dualities collaborate in the definition of the urban reality of the Mediterranean port-cities, as well as in the description of their contemporary condition, where all these issues are simultaneously present. Thus, the contemporary image of the port-city has to deal with both the past (historical heritage) and the future (the role of the port infrastructure), as well as with the transformation of the «reality» of the existing environment into the «hyper-reality» of hyper-tourism. Thus, the issue of authenticity is a key issue that regards the image the city has of itself as well as the image it wants to promote in order to participate to the global urban competition.

Da diversi anni SMU–research, , un gruppo di ricerca internazionale e interdisciplinare formato da architetti, urbanisti, sociologi, antropologi e artisti, lavora a Roma sull'asse della Via Casilina studiando i fenomeni del self made e dell'informalità urbana. L'interesse del gruppo è rivolto alla comprensione delle relazioni che intercorrono tra l'organizzazione sociopolitica e lo spaziourbano attraverso ricerche e interventi sul campo con il coinvolgimento degli abitanti. Una delle prime tappe di ricerca di SMU–research si è svolta a Valle Borghesiana, un quartiere del Comune di Roma sorto in assenza di qualsiasi pianificazione urbanistica. Dal 2009 il gruppo di ricerca ha organizzato diversi workshop con abitanti, associazioni, comitati di quartiere e consorzi di autorecupero. Durante incontri e visite guidate a Valle Borghesiana, SMU–research ha studiato e raccolto le testimonianze dei protagonisti di queste vicende. Un luogo complesso e paradigmatico, che contiene molti fenomeni urbani caratteristici delle metropoli del centro-sud Italia e dell'area mediterranea. Dall'autocostruzione – spesso collettiva – delle abitazioni, alle forme spontanee di organizzazione sociale e politica di lotta per i diritti, coronate con il loro riconoscimento e con la legalizzazione del contesto. Leggendo la storia del quartiere, si ripercorrono le vicende di una città e di una nazione: il tema del diritto alla casa, che per anni ha catalizzato il dibattito politico nazionale, il tema del lavoro e quello della migrazione, prima nazionale e poi globale, fino ad arrivare alla contemporanea e consapevole richiesta del diritto alla città. ; For several years, SMU– research an international and interdisciplinary working group has been working in Rome at the intersection in Via Casilina exploring the phenomena of self-made and urban informality. The neighbourhood of Valle Borghesiana was one of the places on which the research was done. There, workshops between researchers/ artists of the group and the associations of inhabitants were organized. The article traces the history of the neighbourhood and presents two collective works produced by artist Susanna Perin with architects Alessandro Lanzetta and Antonella Perin who investigate the relationship between the socio-political organization and urban space. #01_ research - The history of Valle Borghesiana is considered to be a model of those social and urban phenomena which are typical of the Mediterranean metropolis. It is a useful story to understand processes such as the self-construction of houses and spontaneous forms of social organization and political struggle that characterized Italian and Roman stories from World War II onwards. #02_work - Greetings from Valle Borghesiana - shown at the Venice Biennale of 2012 - tell the complex and contradictory collective construction of urban space. The image of the neighbourhood is represented by a series of postcards made from photographs taken by the inhabitants. - Sketches on Valle Borghesiana - The Illegal Master Plan and Everyday Life, - shown in the gallery nGbK in Berlin in 2013 - is rather a consideration on informal housing in the neighbourhood and on the different relationships between power and politics in urban space.