Assessment of the health costs and benefits of air pollution control policies: the INERIS ; Évaluation des coûts et des bénéfices sanitaires de politiques de lutte contre la pollution de l'air : la chaîne de modèles Ineris

Abstract

U-chain of integrated models has been developed and implemented at INERIS to assess air pollution control policies in terms of the costs of the actions, their impact on air quality and the associated health benefits. It makes it possible to quantify and then monetise the health effects of public policies characterised by complex sets of measures (scenarios) or individual measures to reduce atmospheric emissions. It also allows the impact of climate change on air quality to be taken into account for longer term scenarios. This calculation chain has been used in various application frameworks, both in studies to support public authorities at national level (in particular the National Plan for Reducing Air Pollutant Emissions or PREPA, adopted for the period 2017-2021, cf. Decree and Decree of 10 May 2017), and in more forward-looking research projects at national and European level (PRIMEQUAL projects). ; An integrated modelling chain capable of evaluating air pollution policies with respect to their costs, their impacts on air quality and associated health effects was developed and implemented at Ineris. It allows quantifying and monetising health effects of both complex sets of emission reduction measures (policy scenarios) and individual measures, and also taking into account the air quality impact of climate change. The modelling chain is based on the Impact Pathway Approach which follows a logical progression from emission, through dispersion and exposure to quantification of impacts and their valuation. Three models form the core of the modelling chain: the integrated assessment model GAINS-FR, the chemistry-transport model CHIMERE and the health impact analysis tool ARP-FR. GAINS provides information on emission reductions and costs of air pollution mitigation strategies. CHIMERE allows calculating these strategies' effect on air quality, and ARP-FR serves to assess benefits in the form of avoided health effects. In cost-benefit analyses, the health benefits are put into perspective with information on the ...