State and nation making in Latin America and Spain: the rise and fall of the developmental state

Neoliberalism is often studied as a political ideology, a government program, and even as a pattern of cultural identities. However, less attention is paid to the specific institutional resources employed by neoliberal administrations, which have resulted in the configuration of a neoliberal state model. This accessible volume compiles original essays on the neoliberal era in Latin America and Spain, exploring subjects such as neoliberal public policies, power strategies, institutional resources, popular support, and social protest. The book focuses on neoliberalism as a state model: a configuration of public power designed to implement radical policy proposals. This is the third volume in the State and Nation Making in Latin America and Spain series, which aims to complete and advance research and knowledge about national states in Latin America and Spain.

"This book thoroughly examines the neoliberal state and its era in Latin America and Spain. It explores neoliberal public policies, power strategies, institutional resources, popular support, and social protest. The book advances neoliberalism as a state model: a power structure configured to implement radical policy proposals"--

"Miguel A. Centeno, Agustin E. Ferraro, Vivekananda Nemana More than 3 decades ago, Albert Hirschman wondered why not enough attention had been paid to Latin America's post-war economic boom, certainly not while it happened. Only in retrospect, from the "lost decade" of the 1980s, did the accomplishments of the developmental era become relatively clear. But even then, the comparison with East Asia that began during the 1980s diminished the region's achievements. If anything, the period from 1945 to 1975 came to be seen as a lost opportunity, when Latin America supposedly took the wrong direction while East Asia cleared the path to its economic success. This perspective could not be more different than the attention paid to the "Spanish Miracle"-with its own Wikipedia entry! Spain's developmental achievements were seen as a victory for the Franco regime, whose replacement by a vigorous democracy made those achievements even better. Much of the criticism of the Latin American cases was directed at the supposed failure of the developmental state in the continent. Developmental policies came to be seen as obstacles to the economic progress of the region, leading finally to the debt crisis of the early 1980s, and the subsequent collapse of the Latin American economic model. In the present volume, we will examine both the achievements and failures of developmental states in Latin America and Spain. We will seek to clarify how developmental state institutions were conceived in the context of far-reaching visions for national affirmation and progress, and how they were designed and established since the early 1930s"--

In 1960, Latin America and Spain had the same level of economic and social development, but, in just twenty years, Spain raced ahead. This book provides an in-depth analysis of the design and implementation of developmental state policies in both regions and examines the significant variance in success between Latin America and Spain. The second volume in a trilogy, this collection of studies on state institutions in Latin America and Spain covers the period 1930-1990 and focuses on the successes and failures of the developmental states. This book assumes a wide social science perspective on the phenomenon of the developmental state, focusing on the design, creation and management of public institutions, as well as the creation of national projects and political identities related to development strategies

1 Republics of the possible: state building in Latin America and Spain by Miguel Centeno and Agustin E. Ferraro -- 2 The construction of national states in Latin America, 1820-1890 by Frank Safford -- 3 State building in Western Europe and the Americas before and in the long nineteenth century: some preliminary considerations by Wolfgang Knoebl -- 4 The state and development under the Brazilian monarchy: 1822-1889 by Jeffrey Needell -- 5 The Brazilian federal state in the old republic (1889-1930): did regime change make a difference? by Joseph L. Love -- 6 The Mexican state, Porfirian and revolutionary, 1876-1930 by Alan Knight -- 7 Nicaragua: the difficult creation of a sovereign state by Salvador Marti -- 8 Friends' tax. patronage, fiscality, and state building in Argentina and Spain by Claudia E. Herrera and Agustin E. Ferraro -- 9 Ideological pragmatism and nonpartisan expertise in nineteenth-century Chile: Andrés Bello's contribution to state and nation building by Iván Jaksić -- 10 Militarization without bureaucratization in Central America by James Mahoney -- 11 Between Empleomanía and the common good: expert bureaucracies in Argentina (1870-1930) by Ricardo D. Salvatore -- 12 Elite preferences, administrative institutions, and educational development during Peru's Aristocratic republic (1895-1919) by Hillel D. Soifer -- 13 Liberalism in the Spanish American world 1808-1825 by Roberto Breña -- 14 Visions of the national: natural endowments, futures, and the evils of men by Fernando López-Alves -- 15 Spanish national identity in the age of nationalisms by José Álvarez Junco -- 16 Census taking and nation making in nineteenth-century Latin America by Mara Loveman -- 17 Citizens before the law: the role of courts in post-independence state building in Spanish America by Sara C. Chambers -- 18 Envisioning the nation: the mid-nineteenth-century Colombian Chorographic Commission by Nancy P. Applebaum -- 19 Paper leviathans. historical legacies and state strength in contemporary Latin America and Spain by Miguel A. Centeno and Agustin E. Ferraro

"The growth of institutional capacity in the developing world has become a central theme in twenty-first-century social science. Many studies have shown that public institutions are an important (some would argue the most important) determinant of long-run rates of economic growth. This book argues that to understand the difficulties and pitfalls of state building in the contemporary world, it is necessary to analyze previous efforts to create institutional capacity in conflictive contexts. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the process of state and nation building in Latin America and Spain from independence to the 1930s. The book examines how Latin American countries and Spain tried to build modern and efficient state institutions for more than a century - without much success. The chapters discuss key processes and challenges of state building. To what extent do historical legacies determine the capacity and reach of states? What are the obstacles to and paths toward the effective consolidation of public authority? How can states best design and create the institutions meant to provide the basic services now associated with citizenship? How can we put together notions of community that include diverse groups and cultures within a single identity, while also respecting the integrity of particular traditions? The Spanish and Latin American experience of the nineteenth century was arguably the first regional stage on which the organizational and political dilemmas that still haunt states were faced. This book provides an unprecedented perspective on the development and contemporary outcome of those state and nation building projects"--

The growth of institutional capacity in the developing world has become a central theme in twenty-first-century social science. Many studies have shown that public institutions are an important determinant of long-run rates of economic growth. This book argues that to understand the difficulties and pitfalls of state building in the contemporary world, it is necessary to analyze previous efforts to create institutional capacity in conflictive contexts. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the process of state and nation building in Latin America and Spain from independence to the 1930s. The book examines how Latin American countries and Spain tried to build modern and efficient state institutions for more than a century - without much success. The Spanish and Latin American experience of the nineteenth century was arguably the first regional stage on which the organizational and political dilemmas that still haunt states were faced. This book provides an unprecedented perspective on the development and contemporary outcome of those state and nation-building projects