Suchergebnisse

International audience ; Pourquoi ce titre, emprunté à Sigmund Freud1, pourquoi à propos d'une livraison pour Syllepse d'un numéro des Cahiers de l'émancipation ? Le propos n'est pas une lecture pathologique, mais davantage symptomale, soit une façon – à la manière assumée d'un usage « sauvage » du lexique psychanalytique tel que pratiquée naguère par l'histoire du temps présent – de questionner une part de l'agency 2 de l'extrême gauche française contemporaine, entre stratégie(s) académique(s), reconfiguration(s) politique(s) autour des questions du postcolonialisme, du marxisme et de son efficace politique sur la scène française. Cette livraison offre un dossier « Race et capitalisme » coordonné par Félix Boggio Éwanjé-Épée et Stella Magliani-Belkacem. A la charnière du militant et du chercheur engagé, le dossier déconcerte autant qu'il s'inscrit dans des problématiques contemporaines à l'extrême gauche qui cernent une mouvance que quadrillent éditorialement, outre Syllepse, La Fabrique, La Découverte, les éditions Amsterdam mais aussi au fil des recensions La Revue des livres, Contretemps, quand politiquement le propos semble davantage se restreindre au dialogue du PIR (Parti des Indigènes de la République) et du NPA, aux militants étroitement imbriqués, du moins jusqu'en juillet 2012. Explicitons notre position : Dissidences, à la fois collectif et revue(s) prend comme objet l'extrême gauche et les mouvements révolutionnaires A la faveur de l'épanouissement français des gender et postcolonial studies concomitant aux émeutes de 2005, paradigmes de recherches et réflexions politiques se sont mêlées, profondément d'ailleurs au sein du NPA, partagées par certains militants (issus de groupes tels de Le socialisme par en bas ou Socialisme international), regroupés partiellement dans la GA (Gauche anticapitaliste) qui a rejoint le Front de gauche début juillet 2012. En l'espèce ce travail ne pouvait nous laisser indifférents d'autant que les propos tenus, l'armature intellectuelle des propositions politiques ...

Desde hace décadas las transformistas venezolanas han 'desfilado' sobre la avenida Libertador en Caracas para exhibirse y ejercer el trabajo sexual. En Venezuela "transformista" se refiere a una persona asignada sexo masculino que ocupa género femenino. Este ensayo propone entender la ocupación transformista de la avenida en el marco de la teoría queer of color y la modernidad venezolana. La avenida Libertador es un espacio urbano desarrollado tras un largo proceso de modernización. Se ha dicho que la avenida Libertador nace con la democracia. A través de su ubicación en esta avenida las transformistas negocian la modernidad sobre sus cuerpos y en el imaginario urbano caraqueño. De la pasarela al 'perolón', las transformistas proyectan una presencia imponente sobre esta tarima, que les brinda visibilidad mientras simultáneamente las somete a violencias increíbles. ; For decades, transformationist Venezuelans have 'paraded' along the Avenue of the Liberator in Caracas to exhibit themselves and exercise their trade as sex workers. In Venezuela, the word "transformationist" refers to a persona assigned the masculine sex who occupies the female gender. This essay is an attempt at understanding the transformationist role of the avenue within the framework of queer of color theory and Venezuelan modernity. The Avenue of the Liberator is an urban space developed in the course of a long modernizations process. It is said that the Avenue of the Liberator was born with democracy. Through their location on this avenue, the transformationists negotiate modernity with their bodies and in the Caracas imaginary. From the runway to the 'perolón', the transformationists project a powerful presence on this stage that renders them visible while, simultaneously, subjecting them to incredible violence.

El presente trabajo es una primera aproximación al estudio de las agrupaciones femeninas que se conformaron en solidaridad con el bando republicano en la Guerra Civil Española, en la ciudad de Bahía Blanca. En este análisis priman las herramientas metodológicas proporcionadas tanto por la denominada historia local o regional y por la historia de género -este último concepto se devela como especialmente útil para la complejización de lo que se suele denominar como campo antifascista-. El objetivo final es la puesta al día de ciertos lineamientos vinculados con dicho campo, haciendo foco en la descripción de la situación local y resaltando la participación femenina en las agrupaciones antifascistas. Se parte de la base de que al ser nucleamientos que no se generan necesariamente desde los partidos políticos constituyen espacios de iniciación de prácticas públicas para muchas mujeres de la ciudad en un momento en que no detentaban derechos políticos. ; The present work is a first approach to the study of women's groups that were formed in solidarity with the Republican side in the Spanish Civil War, in the city of Bahía Blanca. In this analysis prevail methodological tools provided by both the so-called local or regional history and gender history, the latter concept is revealed as especially useful for the complexity of what is often referred to as anti-fascist camp. The ultimate goal is the updating of certain guidelines related to this field, focusing on the description of the local situation and highlightning women's participation in the anti-fascist groups. It assumes that when nucleation is not necessarily generated from political parties constitute initiation spaces public practice for many women in the city at a time wielded no political rights. ; Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Social

En este artículo reflexiono en torno de la medida adoptada por las autoridades de la Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Social de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata, que en junio de 2012 decidieron que la utilización de los baños dejara de ser binaria para ser de uso común. Ante esta resolución los medios de comunicación locales y nacionales produjeron interpretaciones tendientes a invisibilizar la problemática de las personas que no encajan en los cánones hegemónicos de género y son víctimas de la violencia simbólica en innumerables acciones de su vida cotidiana, incluyendo cuando van al baño en espacios públicos, a la vez que caracterizaron la política representando la medida como simbólica, riesgosa y polémica. Los alcances de una discusión que empezó en los baños, pero que nos permite discutir mucho más que eso. ; This article comments on the step taken at the School of Journalism and Social Communication from National University of La Plata where, in June 2012, it was decided that bathrooms would not be used in the manner of binary anymore, to instead be of common use. In view of this resolution, the local and national media interpretations were intended to obscure the problems of people who do not fit gender hegemonic canons and who are victims of symbolic violence in countless actions of their daily lives, including when they go to the bathroom in public spaces. At the same time they characterized politics representing this step as symbolic, risky and controversial. The scope of a discussion that started in the bathrooms, but that allows us to discuss much more than that. ; Facultad de Periodismo y Comunicación Social

Inspired by the themes of violence, masculinity and responsibility, this article investigates the visibility of male victims/survivors of conflict-related sexual violence in war. Despite the passing of UNSCR 1820 in 2008, the formulation of UN ACTION (United Nations Action Against Sexual Violence in Conflict), and the appointment of a United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary-General to lead policy and practice in this issue area, we argue here that male survivors/victims remain a marginal concern, which has, among other consequences, profound implications for the facilities that exist to support male victims/survivors during and after periods of active conflict. In the first section of the article, we provide an overview of the contemporary academic literature on rape in war, not only to act as the foundation for the analytical work that follows but also to illustrate the argument that male survivors/victims of sexualised violence in war are near-invisible in the majority of literature on this topic. Second, we turn our analytical lens to the policy environment charged with addressing sexualised violence in conflict. Through a discourse analysis focussed on the website of UN ACTION (www.stoprapenow.org), we demonstrate that this lack of vision in academic work maps directly to a lack of visibility in the policy arena. The third section of the article explores the arrangements in place within extant peacebuilding and post-conflict reconstruction programmes that aim to facilitate recovery with victims/survivors of sexualised violence in war. We conclude with reflections on the themes of violence, masculinity and responsibility in the context of sexualised violence in war and suggest that in this context all privileged actors have a responsibility to theorise violence with careful attention to gender in order to avoid perpetuating models of masculinity and war-rape that have potentially pernicious effects.

According to the official information of Turkish Ministry of Health of HIV/AIDS surveillance data, in the period 1985 to the end of 2011, there are 4826 HIV‐1 infected cases in Turkey. However, there is no data available on the antiretroviral (ART) drug resistance. The objective of this study was to determine primary drug resistance in HIV‐1 infections in newly diagnosed, ART‐naïve Turkish patients in Istanbul, Turkey. The study was carried out between June 2009 and June 2012 and 59 HIV‐1‐infected patients were included (gender; 52 male/7 female, age, median years (range); 37.9 (20–57), CD4+ T‐cell count, median mm3 (range); 280 (3–813), HIV‐RNA load, median IU/ml (range); 4.1 + E5 (2.6 + E3–2.9 + E6)). For HIV‐1 subtyping most widely known algorithm; the HIVdb‐Stanford University genotypic resistance interpretation algorithm has been used. According to population‐based sequencing of the reverse transcriptase and protease genes of HIV‐1, the patients had pre‐existing primary ART drug resistance mutations and were related to NRTIs (M41L, D67N, T215D, T215E, T215S), NNRTIs (V179D) and PIs (I54V, V82A). The prevalence of overall primary ART drug resistance were 11.8% (7/59) in Turkish patients and according to NRTIs, NNRTIs and PIs drug groups were 10% (6/59), 1.7% (1/59) and 1.7% (1/59), respectively (in one patient has been either NRTIs and PIs resistance detected). The high prevalence of HIV‐1 primary drug resistance in ART‐naïve patients suggested the resistance testing must be an integral part of the management of HIV infection and the choice of first‐line therapy regime should be guided by genotypic resistance interpretation in Turkey.

Purpose.To identify impact of an online nutrition and physical activity program for college students.Design.Randomized, controlled trial using online questionnaires and on-site physical and fitness assessments with measurement intervals of 0 (baseline), 3 (postintervention), and 15 months (follow-up).Setting.Online intervention delivered to college students; a centralized Web site was used for recruitment, data collection, data management, and intervention delivery.Subjects.College students (18–24 years old, n = 1689), from eight universities (Michigan State University, South Dakota State University, Syracuse University, The Pennsylvania State University, Tuskegee University, University of Rhode Island, University of Maine, and University of Wisconsin).Intervention.A 10-lesson curriculum focusing on healthful eating and physical activity, stressing nondieting principles such as size acceptance and eating competence (software developer: Rainstorm, Inc, Orono, Maine).Measures.Measurements included anthropometrics, cardiorespiratory fitness, fruit/vegetable (FV) intake, eating competence, physical activity, and psychosocial stress.Analysis.Repeated measures analysis of variance for outcome variables.Results.Most subjects were white, undergraduate females (63%), with 25% either overweight or obese. Treatment group completion rate for the curriculum was 84%. Over 15 months, the treatment group had significantly higher FV intake (+.5 cups/d) and physical activity participation (+270 metabolic equivalent minutes per week) than controls. For both groups, anthropometric values and stress increased, and fitness levels decreased. Gender differences were present for most variables. First-year males and females gained more weight than participants in other school years.Conclusion.A 10-week online nutrition and physical activity intervention to encourage competence in making healthful food and eating decisions had a positive, lasting effect on FV intake and maintained baseline levels of physical activity in a population that otherwise experiences significant declines in these healthful behaviors.

A much-cited point by those who study the intersection of gender and disability is that masculinity and disability are in conflict with each other because disability is associated with being dependent and helpless whereas masculinity is associated with being powerful and autonomous, thus creating a lived and embodied dilemma for disabled men. This article maps and critically evaluates the conceptual development of this dilemma of disabled masculinity, tracing how several developments in the fields of disability studies and the critical study of men and masculinities have shaped sociological understandings of disabled masculinity. We suggest that, while social science scholarship has increasingly moved beyond a static understanding and toward a dynamic view of the articulation and interaction between masculinity and disability, there are nevertheless several problems that require attention. The most critical issue conceptually is that the focus of study has been more on masculinity and how it intersects with 'disability' as an almost generic category, rather than on how masculinity (or masculinities) intersect(s) differently with various types of impairment. Thus, though there is quite a bit of research on the dilemma of disabled masculinity for men who acquire a physical impairment post-childhood and for groups of men with diverse impairments studied as if they were a homogenous group, less research has been conducted with men who have specific impairments, particularly early-onset, intellectual or degenerative impairments. In this paper we urge researchers to open up the concept of intersectionality to accommodate a range of differences in bodily, cognitive, intellectual and behavioral types (impairments) in their interaction with various masculinities and to show more explicitly how context and life phase contribute to this dynamism.

Bangladeshi Bengali migration to Canada is a response to globalization processes, and a strategy to face the post-independent social, political and economic insecurities in the homeland. Canadian immigration policy and the Multicultural Act that were adjusted to meet labour demands in local job markets encouraged the building of a new and growing Bangladeshi Bengali immigrant community in Canada. The general objective of this research is to explore how Bangladeshi immigrants' national, ethnic, cultural, religious, gender, and class identities that were shaped within historical and political contexts in Bangladesh are negotiated in new immigrant and multicultural contexts in Toronto. By looking at various identity negotiation processes, this research aims to critically examine globalization theories in social science, and multicultural policies in Canada. More specifically, the objective is to determine whether transnational migration to Canada as a global process creates homogeneity, disjuncture, hybridity, or inequality in Bangladeshi immigrants' lives in Toronto, and how Bangladeshi Bengalis as an ethnic and cultural group relocate their identity within Canadian multiculturalism. In order to address these objectives and issues, one year of in-depth anthropological research was conducted among the Bangladeshi immigrants in Toronto between 2007 and 2008. The core research location was the Danforth and Victoria Park area, but in order to address class diversity, respondents from Dufferin and Bloor Streets, Regent Park, and Mississauga areas were incorporated. Applying snowball and purposive sampling techniques, and identifying key informants, 75 Bangladeshi immigrant families were selected from three religious groups – Muslim, Hindu, and Christian. In-depth personal interviews, case studies and focus group discussions were conducted among these Bangladeshi immigrants. This research underscores that, on one hand, Bangladeshi Bengali immigrants negotiate and re-define their "proper" ethnic, cultural, nationalist, ...

Further vocational training for the unemployed aims at enhancing their job prospects. This paper analyses the effectiveness of such subsidized training programmes for means-tested unemployment benefit recipients in Germany. The empirical findings are based on rich administrative data of the German Federal Employment Agency using propensity score matching to construct a suitable comparison group. We consider initiation of training in early 2005, just after the reform of the German means-tested benefit system, which aimed at activating hard-to-place jobseekers, and after the introduction of a voucher system as the sole assigning mechanism for vocational training. We estimated the effects of vocational training for several groups differentiated by age, gender, migration background, skills, programme duration, duration since the end of the last job and differences between East and West Germany. As a result we show that vocational training has a considerable beneficial impact on participants: It reduces the share of unemployment benefit II recipients and raises the employment rate in the intermediate term by up to 13 percentage points. ; Geförderte berufliche Weiterbildung soll die Beschäftigungschancen von Arbeits losen erhöhen. Diese Studie analysiert die Effektivität geförderter beruflicher Weiterbildung für Empfänger von Arbeitslosengeld II in Deutschland. Die empirischen Ergebnisse basieren auf administrativen Daten der Bundesagentur für Arbeit. Mittels Propensity Score Matching wird eine Vergleichsgruppe für die Teilnehmer gebildet. Die Studie betrachtet Eintritte in geförderte berufliche Weiterbildung Anfang des Jahres 2005, direkt nach der Einführung des SGB II, das besonders auf die stärkere Aktivierung von Problemgruppen des Arbeitsmarktes abzielt. Zudem war zu dieser Zeit auch schon der Bildungsgutschein als einziger Zuweisungsmechnismus zu beruflicher Weiterbildung eingeführt worden. Die Studie berücksichtigt Effekte beruflicher Weiterbildung für verschiedene Gruppen differenziert nach Alter, Geschlecht, Migrationshintergrund, Qualifikation, Dauer der Weiterbildung und Dauer seit der letzten Beschäftigung sowie Unterschiede zwischen Ost- und Westdeutschland. Als Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass sich berufliche Weiterbildung für die Teilnehmer lohnt: Sie reduziert mittelfristig deren Anteile im Arbeitslosengeld-II-Bezug und erhöht deren Anteil in Beschäftigung um bis zu 13 Prozentpunkte.

Cheerleading – an activity with origins in the elite, male-dominated domain of the late 19th century American university campus – is now a highly commodified and mass mediated feminised spectacle which attracts intense vitriol from a range of ostensibly disparate social groups. These include feminists, social conservatives, cultural elites, sports administrators and fans, mainstream media commentators and members of the general public. Complicating these negative framings is the fact that cheerleaders are simultaneously sexually fetishised in pornography, pop culture and the news media. That a relatively unremarkable feminine athletic endeavour provokes such intense cultural anxiety and sexual obsession makes cheerleading a singularly revealing object of study. Engaging with media, feminist, gender, sporting and cultural studies theory – under what I will unpack as a conceptual framework I nominate as fetish theory – this thesis conducts an extensive analysis of media texts framing cheerleading. It shows that cheerleading animates intense cultural anxieties because it is seen to threaten a broad spectrum of ideologies and ideals, which range across theory, practice and views as diverse as feminism, moral conservatism, sport, and cultural authenticity. As a result, cheerleaders: are the subject of intense desire and loathing; are used as multi-purpose, psycho-social scapegoats; and have come to occupy a provocative liminal space between the sex worker and the athlete (in part because they have been both stripped yet also hyperinvested with meaning via a range of fetishistic logics). This thesis examines the role of feminist discourse (particularly in relation to its convergence with social conservative rhetoric) in censuring young women involved in sexualised performances such as cheerleading. It interrogates the relevance of traditional media studies models such as moral panic; problematises orthodox understandings of the progressive/transgressive politics involved in active audienceship and self-publishing; ...

ABSTRACTPT Canning Indonesian Products (PT CIP), formed by Japanese Government in 1942, is one of the oldest canned food companies in Indonesia. Its main product is known as PRONAS. A fierce competition like of today in food industry imposes PT CIP to increase and improve the values of its PRONAS attributes.The purposes of this research are to: (1) identify the corned PRONAS customer characteristics, (2) determine customer's decision process to consume corned PRONAS, (3) determine customer's response to the attributes of corned PRONAS, (4) analyze customer satisfaction level of corned PRONAS.By using Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) and Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) method, the results of this research show that corned PRONAS is a trans gender food with respondents characteristic dominated by age of 25 – 34 year old, most of them are bachelor and work for private sector. Most of the respondents are of middle and top class society, their buying decision is based on flavor, they always planned ahead before purchasing, most of them are self willingness, and their preference is corned of the size of 198 grams. The IPA analysis shows that the core priority to improve the products includes smell, product ingredients, flavor in accordance with price, color, the volume size, and accessibility. The products should be maintained in their attributes of expiration date, halal status, product permit from Department of Health, customer service information, and taste. The products are acceptable in terms of price, packaging design, packaging practicallity, prestige, and consumed by many people. The study recommends marketing strategy plan for the company based on CSI and IPA analyses.Keywords : Corned, Customer Satisfaction, Importance Performance Analysis, Customer Satisfaction Index.

An exciting product of a ten year study, commended for its originality and innovation, is a set of five practical principles, to assist in policy directions for enhanced community development and project management. The principles are derived from an imbrication of contemporary sociological theory and were applied in four discrete community development contexts in Australia to test their relevance and suitability as a framework to plan, guide and evaluate community development interventions. It was found that the principles can make practitioners' work clearer; identify gaps to address the multiplicity of often overlapping social concerns, and flag implications for future research and practice. One of these implications is the generation of 'inhabit-ability', a state of being which allows a particular place to be better inhabited, following an intervention. The concept offers the potential to move beyond a common cynicism evoked by the word 'sustainable' because of a perceived sense of dilution of the concept. The principles are a set of five short statements. Simple and elegant, the principles are: • Adopt a gender sensitive approach. • Value voices from the margins. • Incorporate the environment within research/actions. • Select appropriate method/ologies. • Undertake research/action that promotes plural, desirable and sustainable social changes. The principles are transferrable across a range of contexts, and have particular relevance to policy and planning for people working in the ecological/economic development fields. Project managers, Indigenous Elders, social entrepreneurs, local politicians, public servants, social workers, teachers, doctors, community activists, and other cultural leaders, have engaged with the principles at various levels and stages of their projects. This poster will describe the principles, and give examples of how to use them in the field, as well as invite comment and feedback from EcoSummit participants.

This dissertation concerns the feminization of the Italian teaching profession between the introduction of pre-Unification schooling in 1859 and the nationalization of that system in 1911. By feminization, this dissertation refers both to the gradual assumption of the majority of elementary teaching positions by women and to a transformation in the nature of the position itself. Through an examination of educational periodicals, school records, government inquests, and accounts by teachers and pedagogical theorists, it argues that rather than the unintended consequence of economic constraints or shifting labor patterns, feminization was fundamentally connected to larger processes of centralization and modernization in the Italian school system. Following an introductory chapter outlining the major national, religious, and gender debates of the Unification era, the second chapter of the dissertation argues that the figure of the female elementary teacher became embroiled in the contest between local and national interests, furthering the drive toward centralization. The third chapter examines a subject generally ignored in most studies of Italian women's education: the impact of international and domestic pedagogy. The chapter shows that the development of an Italian pedagogy combining positivism and progressivism with a maternalist, child-centered methodology was both a result and a cause of the feminization of the teaching profession. The fourth chapter focuses on the divide between the secularizing nation and the entrenched Catholic Church, arguing that carefully trained female teachers were employed as agents of the encroaching State and examining the connection between religious education debates and women's rights movements. The fifth chapter is an institutional history of the teacher-training normal schools; an analysis of institutional and government records reveals that normal school feminization reflected the centralization, secularization, and pedagogical reformation of the school system in general.

This paper presents a study of media representations of youth violence. The way by which media presents the young generation is a reflection of and influence on the development of identity by youth and society's attitude towards youth. No previous studies have been conducted on this topic in Bulgaria, but the ones carried out in some other countries (including the USA and Australia) revealed an ambiguous image of young people with an important emphasis on violence as a part of youth life. 159 news items concerning young people from September 2010 issues of the Bulgarian newspapers "Telegraph" and "Sega" were coded. 21.4% of the news items dedicated to young people dealt with violence. Young people as committing an act of violence or as victims of violence were described with some neutral labels indicating their social group membership (gender, ethnic, territorial, etc.) or with some negative labels describing them as criminals. Young people violence in these two Bulgarian newspapers was associated with sexual issues, medical issues and family issues in more than 30% of the cases, as well as with educational issue in more than 20% of the news items. The image of young people reflected by the Bulgarian media was not only a negative one. 4/5 of the news items in the newspapers described young people as successful students, sportsmen, politically engaged, doing cultural activities, prepared for business, etc. Adults were advised by the media on how to understand teenagers and how to help young people – having a positive outlook on youth, expressing their love and concern for young people, communicating with them, giving them support (including financial, medical, and educational) by means of the state and different institutions.