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Connecting the environment with societies' cultures through literature has created a new awareness of environmental issues. The current environmental crisis is a product of modern human culture. The thought of using land as a commodity and disregard for environmental ethics has worsened the ecological crisis. The paper focuses issues of environment highlighted in Native American literature. The anthropocentric behavior of Euro-Americans is contrary to Native American idea of biocentrism. For American Indians, land is considered not merely a stage on which the act is played but also as an active participant in the drama with major role to play in the lives of the characters. This article applies Ecocriticism theory on Louise Erdrich's fiction Tracks to generate an ecological criticism of the text. This paper highlights new ways of treating the natural world, putting responsibility on humans to see how their cultures are affecting environment.

Introduction / John S. Bak -- Toward a Theory of International Literary Journalism -- Literary reportage: the "other" literary journalism / John C. Hartsock -- Reportage in the U.K.: A Hidden Genre? / Jenny McKay -- The Edge of Canadian Literary Journalism: The West Coast's Restless Search for Meaning versus Central Canada's Chronicles of the Rich and Powerful / Bill Reynolds -- The Counter-Coriolis Effect: Contemporary Literary Journalism in a Shrinking World / David Abrahamson -- The Evolutionary Future of American and International Literary Journalism / Norman Sims -- Journalistic Traditions. Dutch Literary Journalism: From Pamphlet to Newspaper (ca. 1600/1900) / Clazina Dingemanse and Rutger de Graaf -- Literary Journalism's Magnetic Pull: Britain's "New" Journalism and the Portuguese at the Fin-de-Siecle / Isabel Soares -- Literary Journalism in Spain: Past, Present (and Future?) / Sonia Parratt -- Social Movements and Chinese Literary Reportage / Peiqin Chen -- Hundred and Twelve Years of Nonfiction Solitude: a Survey of Brazilian Literary Journalism / Edvaldo Pereira Lima -- Literary Journalism in Twentieth-Century Finland / Maria Lassila-Merisalo -- Transnational Influences. Riding the Rails with Robin Hyde: Literary Journalism in 1930s New Zealand / Nikki Hessell -- James Agee's "Continual Awareness," Untold Stories: "Saratoga Springs" and "Havana Cruise" / William Dow -- Željko Kozinc, the Subversive Reporter: Literary Journalism in Slovenia / Sonja Merljak Zdovc -- Creditable or Reprehensible? The Literary Journalism of Helen Garner / Willa McDonald -- Ryszard Kapuściński and the Borders of Documentarism: Toward Exposure without Assumption / Soenke Zehle

Prostitute, adulteress, unmarried woman who engages in sexual relations, victim of seduction—the Victorian "fallen woman" represents a complex array of stigmatized conditions. Amanda Anderson here reconsiders the familiar figure of the fallen woman within the context of mid-Victorian debates over the nature of selfhood, gender, and agency. In richly textured readings of works by Charles Dickens, Elizabeth Gaskell, Dante Gabriel Rossetti, and Elizabeth Barrett Browning, among others, she argues that depictions of fallen women express profound cultural anxieties about the very possibility of self-control and traditional moral responsibility.

Electronic version excludes material for which permission has not been granted by the rights holder ; This research focuses on the study of Mexican comics and films from 1969 to 1976. It uses the language of humour to understand how these media expressed contemporary social and political concerns. After reviewing theories of humour and proposing an eclectic theory to analyse visual sources, three different comic books and four films were examined in order to gain an understanding of the issues that troubled the society at the time. This eclectic theory considered academic approaches from a variety of disciplines, including philosophy, sociology, linguistics, psychology, and others. The theory of humour proposed in this thesis can be used to study humorous visual expressions from other cultures and historical times. Thus, one of the novelties of this research is the proposal of an eclectic theory of humour to study visual culture. A second original contribution of this thesis is that it proposes an approach to social history through the analysis of two relevant cultural manifestations: humour and visual culture. This work also invites us to reflect on Mexican society during the presidency of Luis Echeverría Álvarez, as well as the circumstances of the mass media and the arts, both of which enjoyed some freedom in what was called the apertura democrática. Nevertheless, since some topics were still prickly and difficult, humour helped society discuss them, kept them on the social agenda, and acted as a safety valve to express the discomfort of the members of society. Finally, this thesis considers social manifestations, such as humour, as sources through which to study culture and history; it highlights the relevance of the cultural legacy of comics which have been considered as a sub-cultural product; and it shows how we can use films to discover something new about a specific time and social group.

Communicating faithfully in a culture of ideological division -- Cultivating a prophetic voice -- Becoming burdened -- Considering humanity's plight -- Rejecting a spirit of acceptance -- Shocking the complacent -- Promoting prophetic critique of technology: a case study -- Conclusion: considering the downs and ups of prophetic media -- Criticism

Abstract Gert Biesta has criticized Anglo-American and German models of emancipatory education. According to Biesta, emancipation is understood in these models as liberation that results from a process in which a teacher transmits objective knowledge to his or her students and cultivates student capabilities. He claims that this so-called modern logic of emancipation does not lead to freedom because it installs inequality, dependency, and mistrust in the pedagogical relationship. In this article, Antti Moilanen and Rauno Huttunen analyze whether German models of emancipatory education share the modern logic of emancipation and if they can escape Biesta's criticisms. For this purpose, they interpret Biesta's critique of the modern logic of emancipation and explicate central ideas related to the German models of critical education. They also compare the modern logic of emancipation to the German one, and they then assess German models of emancipatory pedagogy from the viewpoint of Biesta's criticisms. Moilanen and Huttunen conclude that the German models of emancipatory education present at least a partial alternative to the modern logic of emancipation. Despite this, the German models are based on the idea of education as cultivation. Because Biesta criticizes the theory of education as cultivation, it is possible to conclude that he would not accept the German models of emancipatory education. However, the German models of critical pedagogy provide answers to the following question: how can students achieve independence in the pedagogical relationship? When students take part in designing educational processes, they are summoned to assess the validity of the taught knowledge, and they practice independent decision-making at school; the pedagogical relationship, based on authority, can foster student self-determination.