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This book is a major sociological analysis of the characteristics and interrelationships of ethnicity, religion, and socio-economic class in Israeli society. The analysis of ethnicity focuses on the differences among Jews from different countries of origin (from Europe, North Africa and Asia), although there is also a chapter on Palestinian Arabs in Israel. This work takes the analysis of ethnic identities and relations much further than previous studies of Israeli society, and is the first to compare the importance of ethnicity with both religion and class and to illustrate the nature of the relationships between all three divisions. The combination of sophisticated theory and research advances the study of Israeli society in particular and the study of social cleavages and conflicts within society in general

The formation and evolution of multiculturalism and hybridization (Nederveen Pieterse, 1995; 2016) belong today to the leading research priorities of social sciences. These developments assumedly forward a kind of new or next society features of which seemingly emerge and may be captured in processes taking place in given partial structures. We think especially of subsystems that, at the origin, concretized utopic orientations that were abandoned over time to leave room to new ambitions. One such subsystem consists of the kibbutz that was for long viewed as one of the most successful utopia that was both rigorous and performing, and which illustrates today an appropriate example of next-society emergence. The general validity of this assumption resides in this setting's multigenerational survival through far reaching structural, cultural and ideological changes. A model of communitarian collectivity at its start that now is best defined by the oxymoron of "individualistic community".

We draw from Eisenstadt's (2002) conceptualization of multiple modernities which he pro­posed to analyze processes marking modernity and their different versions in contemporary societies. These processes do not delete all pre-existing orientations, value affinities and social arrangements, and while modernity is recognizable everywhere, modern societies also differ at other respects. We formulate a similar contention for globalization. We point to three interacting and intermingling movers of social reality—globalization, multiculturalism and the national principle—which concretize everywhere, and according to contexts and a priori features, specific models qualifying for the notion of multiple globalizations. Beyond the variety of multiple globalizations, this notion underlines the newness of our time and hints the "next society".

Intro -- Multiple Globalizations: Linguistic Landscapes in World-Cities -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Lists of Figures, Illustrations and Tables -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- 1 Investigating Multiple Globalizations -- 1 Linguistic Landscapes -- 2 World-cities and Globalization -- 3 Multiculturalism -- 4 The National Principle -- 5 Research Questions and the Theoretical Argument -- 6 In Search of Singularities -- 2 Methodologies and Research Objectives -- 1 The Research Settings -- 2 Collecting and Analyzing Data -- 3 Summing Up -- 3 Berlin -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Globalization in Downtowns -- 3 Galeries Lafayette -- 4 A Residential Middle-Class Neighborhood -- 5 A Turkish-Speaking Area -- 6 A Mixed Turkish-Arab Area -- 7 Where Arabic-Speakers Dominate -- 8 Conclusion -- 4 Paris -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Champs Elysées -- 3 Chinatown -- 4 Jewish Sarcelles-Pletzel -- 5 Islam at the Goutte d'Or -- 6 Conclusion -- 5 Brussels -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Downtown Brussels -- 3 French-Speaking Neighborhoods -- 4 Flemish Areas -- 5 Arab Muslim Neighborhoods -- 6 The Sub-Saharan Quarter -- 7 The Asian Quarter -- 8 The Turkish Neighborhood -- 9 The European Quarter -- 10 Conclusion -- 6 London -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Central London's Languistic Landscape -- 3 Golders Green -- 4 Chinatown in Soho -- 5 London's Little India -- 6 Conclusion -- 7 Tel Aviv-Jaffa -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Downtowns -- 3 Ramat Hasharon -- 4 Bnei Brak -- 5 Old Rosh Ha'Ayin -- 6 Ajami -- 7 The Central Bus Station -- 8 Conclusion -- 8 Downtowns Around the World -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Tokyo-Yokohama -- 3 New Delhi -- 4 Addis Ababa -- 5 Three cases - not too far away -- 9 A Languistic Landscape Paradigm for Multiple Globalizations -- 1 The Sociological Perspective -- 2 Configurations in Downtowns -- 3 Residential Areas -- 4 Ethno-cultural Quarters.

Preliminary Material /Eliezer Ben-Rafael , Yaacov Oved and Menachem Topel -- Introduction: A Difficult Question /Eliezer Ben-Rafael , Yaacov Oved and Menachem Topel -- General Thoughts about the Communal Idea /Amitai Etzioni -- Developmental Communalism into the Twenty-First Century /Donald E. Pitzer -- Theorizing Intentional Community in the Twenty-First Century /Lyman Tower Sargent -- Contemporary Communalism at a Time of Crisis /Graham Meltzer -- Commune and Community: A Socialist Perspective /Yiftah Goldman -- Communes and Communities: History and Perspective /Yaacov Oved -- Historical Perspectives on Participation /György Széll -- Community: Greatly Needed but Hard to Achieve /Timothy Miller -- Communal Aspects of Contemporary Life /Shulamit Reinharz -- In the Collective Interest: Job Quality /Chris Warhurst and Katherine Trebeck -- The Communal Idea in 21st Century Australia and New Zealand /Bill Metcalf -- Renewing Traditional Communality /Menachem Topel -- Christian and Messianic Jews' Communes in Israel: Past, Present and Future /Rami Degani and Ruth Kark -- Gender, Power and Equality: Women's Roles in Hutterite Society /Yossi Katz and John C. Lehr -- The Reciprocal Relationship between Feminism and Communal Life /Michal Palgi -- Kibbutz Education: Characteristics, Changes and Future Relevance /Maria Fölling-Albers -- Kibbutz: Survival at Risk /Eliezer Ben-Rafael -- Epilogue /Eliezer Ben-Rafael , Yaacov Oved and Menachem Topel -- Bibliography /Eliezer Ben-Rafael , Yaacov Oved and Menachem Topel -- Index /Eliezer Ben-Rafael , Yaacov Oved and Menachem Topel.

In the context of their recent dispersion, Russian-speaking Jews have become the vast majority of Germany's longstanding Jewry. An entity marked by permeable boundaries, they show commitment to world Jewry, including Israel, but feeble identification with their hosts. While Jewish singularity is understood here more as "belonging" than "believing", Jewish education is viewed as a must.

Intro -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE JUDAISM AND THE CULTURE OF MEMORY --- Thomas Gergely -- INTRODUCTION EUROPEAN JEWRY AND KLAL YISRAEL --- Eliezer Ben-Rafael, Thomas Gergely, and Yosef Gorny -- PART I CONTEMPORARY PRACTICES -- CHAPTER ONE IS THE FRENCH MODEL IN DECLINE? --- Pierre Birnbaum -- CHAPTER TWO THE CASE OF BELGIUM --- Jean-Philippe Schreiber -- CHAPTER THREE THE IDENTITY OF DUTCH JEWS --- Ludo Abicht -- CHAPTER FOUR RUSSIAN- JEWISH IMMIGRATION TO GERMANY --- Julius H. Schoeps, Willi Jasper, and Olaf Glöckner -- CHAPTER FIVE RELIGIOSITY, PRAXIS, AND TRADITION IN CONTEMPORARY HUNGARIAN JEWRY --- András Kovács -- CHAPTER SIX BEING JEWISH IN ROMANIA AFTER THE SECOND WORLD WAR --- Carol Iancu -- CHAPTER SEVEN JEWISH IDENTITY, MEMORY, AND ANTI-SEMITISM --- Maurice Konopnicki -- PART II JEWRY BEYOND EUROPE -- CHAPTER EIGHT THE SIAMESE TWINS-RELIGION AND SECULARISM IN JEWISH NATIONAL THOUGHT --- Yosef Gorny -- CHAPTER NINE ISRAELI IDENTITY AND MISSIONIN BUBER'S THOUGHT --- Shalom Ratzabi -- CHAPTER TEN SOVEREIGNTY, VOLUNTARISM, AND JEWISH IDENTITY-NATHAN ROTENSTREICH --- Avi Bareli -- CHAPTER ELEVEN ON RELIGIOUS-SECULAR TENSIONS --- Avi Sagi -- CHAPTER TWELVE THE RELIGIOUS-SECULAR CLEAVAGE IN CONTEMPORARY ISRAEL --- Yochanan Peres -- CHAPTER THIRTEEN ON EUROPEAN JEWISH ORTHODOXY, SEPHARDIC TRADITION, AND THE SHAS MOVEMENT --- Zvi Zohar -- CHAPTER FOURTEEN ULTRA-ORTHODOX, ORTHODOX, AND SECULAR WOMEN IN COLLEGE --- Lior Ben-Chaim Rafael -- CHAPTER FIFTEEN THE CHALLENGE OF SECULARISM TO JEWISH SURVIVAL IN ABBA HILLEL SILVER'S THINKING --- Ofer Shiff -- CHAPTER SIXTEEN THE IDENTITIES OF JEWISH AMERICAN WOMEN --- Suzanne Vromen -- PART III IDENTITY, SINGULARITY, CONFLICT, AND COOPERATION -- CHAPTER SEVENTEEN JEWS AND SECULARIZATION:A CHALLENGE OR A PROSPECT? --- Guy Haarscher -- CHAPTER EIGHTEEN SUBMISSION AND SUBVERSION BEFORE THE LAW --- Rivon Krygier.

This is a book about Klal Yisrael , the worldwide commonwealth of the Jewish people. The main question asked, is whether one can still speak of 'one' Jewish people, encompassing all Jews in the world. The Jewish collective identity stands at new crossroads of multicultural ideologies and transnational diasporism. Jewry is experiencing an existential problem in today's changing society, shifting between convergence and unity on the one hand and divergence and division on the other hand. Quo vadis, O Jewish people? Rather than fully answering this question, researchers from Israel, the United States, Brazil, Argentina, Ukraine, Russia, France and Belgium try to open up the discussion in this book