Suchergebnisse

[POR] Em muitos momentos pensa-se que temas mais corriqueiros das pesquisas na área da ciência política já chegaram à sua exaustão sem imaginar a possibilidade de uma nova forma de exploração ou análise, como o caso dos partidos políticos. A obra Party Brands in Crisis: Partisanship, Brand Dilution, and the Breakdown of Political Parties in Latin America (2016), de Noam Lupu, conseguiu romper esta sensação. O livro oferece a primeira explicação geral sobre a queda de grandes partidos consolidados em países da América Latina. Seu diferencial está no olhar mais atento para a relevância dos efeitos dos comportamentos das elites partidárias nas atitudes do público massivo.

Purpose
How can people with lived experience of homelessness actively participate in contesting their marginalisation? The purpose of this paper is to suggest that involving people who are homeless in participatory action research (PAR) is one such strategy. This paper shows that such an approach can have a significant impact on empowering people with direct of experience of homelessness to challenge prevailing social discourses, particularly in terms of the way in which the local media presents homelessness as a social issue.


Design/methodology/approach
A PAR approach informed the design, development and dissemination of the study on which this paper is based. Analytically, it is underpinned by Foucauldian discourse analysis (FDA). FDA, with its focus on power relations in society, is noted to be particularly useful for analysing local media representations of homeless people.


Findings
The research reported here found that academic practitioners and homeless people can work together to challenge media discourses, which serve to marginalise people affected by homelessness.


Research limitations/implications
The research reported here served to challenge some of the ways in homeless people are victimized and stigmatized.


Practical implications
The research reported here has the potential to inform future research concerned with understanding media presentations of homeless people. It can be seen as a model for how people affected by a particularly pernicious social issue can contribute to research in ways that go beyond researching for the sake of research.


Originality/value
The research reported here provides evidence of the emancipatory value of research that seeks to bring academic practitioners and homeless people together in a partnership to challenge vital social issues such as the power of the local media to frame understandings of homelessness.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7984.2015v14n31p87Este artigo tem por objeto analisar o lugar que o ensino da teoria sociológica ocupa noscursos superiores de Ciências Sociais, a partir do estudo de caso em algumas universidadespúblicas brasileiras (Ceará, Pernambuco, Brasília, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Paraná, SantaCatarina e Rio Grande do Sul). Para isso, inicialmente, analisamos a história dos estudosteóricos, mapeamos os grupos de pesquisa e mostramos que a pesquisa ocupa um espaçosecundário na Sociologia brasileira. Analisando as grades curriculares dos cursos e asementas das disciplinas teóricas, mostramos que há muito espaço e tempo dedicado à teoria sociológica, em especial à teoria clássica, nos quatro primeiros semestres. Mostramos que esse espaço, para os autores clássicos, apresenta formato e conteúdo semelhantes (em geral, Marx, Weber e Durkheim), mas que são bem diversos em relação aos autores contemporâneos. Apesar da grande importância e do tempo dedicado ao ensino da teoria, não há discussões formais sobre como ensinar em termos metodológicos e epistemológicos.

Au cours de la première industrialisation, une bonne tenue des comptes devient progressivement un enjeu central. Le Code de commerce de 1807 en fait une obligation légale et les entreprises, quelle que soit leur taille, se doivent de confier cette mission à quelqu'un. Cet article explore les modalités de formalisation et de diffusion des savoirs comptables. Si l'école – primaire puis secondaire – dispense des savoirs comptables de base, la formation sur le tas demeure longtemps la norme. Les apprentis teneurs de livres et autres comptables peuvent également se former grâce aux cours proposés aux ouvriers à Paris comme dans les grandes villes françaises. Enfin, la production éditoriale, croissante au cours du XIX e siècle et liée à l'essor des formations spécialisés, s'impose comme une source de première importance.

Analyzing Narrative Reality (Gubrium & Holstein, 2009) examines how stories are constructed for different purposes in a variety of social situations and aims to provide a framework for analysis "oriented both to the internal and especially to the external organization of stories" (p. 2). The authors are keen to create an understanding of how stories emerge and why they are constructed, confident that these factors are vital to creating good stories-"continuously unfolding accounts, whose extensions move in many directions" (p. 228) and that go beyond the boundaries of text. The book covers narrative reality, narrative work, narrative environments and narrative adequacy partly by using Stanley from Shaw's (1930) study, The Jack-Roller, to examine how narratives are socially constructed. Empirical examples and an emphasis on interdisciplinary endeavors are intentionally utilized to create an accessible book for readers from a variety of disciplines.

ABSTRACT La produzione di carne bovina è un elemento chiave del settore agro-alimentare brasiliano. Attualmente, infatti, il Paese è il secondo produttore mondiale ed il più grande esportatore di questo prodotto nel mondo. La possibilità di esportate verso i mercati internazionali è stata tuttavia condizionata dall'adeguamento degli standard brasiliani a quelli dei paesi importatori la cui implementazione è stata effettua sia nell'ottica di proteggere la salute dei consumatori sia di promuovere e rafforzare i rapporti commerciali nell'import-export. Pertanto, la normativa dei paesi importatori è stata spesso un modello di sviluppo per la definizione dei nuovi standard brasiliani. In particolare, considerando che a partire dal 1990 l'Europa è stato il principale importatore di carne bovina dal Brasile, la legislazione europea è stata spesso utilizzata per adeguarne o, addirittura, svilupparne la normativa. Nel presente lavoro sono state affrontate le problematiche ispettive e commerciali che caratterizzano la filiera bovina brasiliana, focalizzando l'attenzione sulla normativa che regola gli scambi con l'Unione Europea, con lo scopo di effettuare un confronto tra le rispettive legislazioni in materia di sicurezza alimentare. Alla luce del nostro lavoro è possibile vedere come, nonostante gli adeguamenti verificatisi negli ultimi anni, la normativa Brasiliana risulti ancora frammentaria e lontana dal nuovo approccio europeo alla sicurezza alimentare. The brazilian beef production is a key element of the agriculture sector in Brazil. Nowadays, the country is the second largest producer and the largest exporter of this product in the world. The ability to export to international markets however, was conditional upon conformity of brazilian standards to those of the importing countries.The implementation of these standards has been made both in order to protect the health of consumers and to promote and strengthen business relationships in the import – export market. Thus, the legislation of the importing countries has often been a development model for the definition of the new brazilian standards. In particular, considering that since 1990 Europe has benn the main importer of brazilian beef, the European legislation has often been used to adapt or even develop the legislation. In this paper, the commercial and inspection issues which characterize the brazilian beef industry have been addressed. Focusing attention on legislation that regulates the trade with the European Union has allowed a comparison between the respective laws on food. In this dissertation it is possible to see how in spite of the adjustments that have occurred in recent years, the brazilian legislation is still fragmented and remains far from the new European approach to food safety.