Suchergebnisse

In May 2011 I went to an opening party at the Tony Shafrazi Gallery in New York City, where Hollywood stars and celebrities, including Mickey Rourke, Quincy Jones, and Naomi Campbell mingled near a mish-mash of Eastern European -related artworks, including Robert Crumb's comic book rendition of Kafka's Metamorphosis, Vladimir Tatlin's statue "Monument to the Third International;' and an exhibition called Revolutionary Film Posters, a trove of Russian constructivist imagery from between the wars. I It was a bizarre sight for me, a person who grew up in 1980s Czechoslovalda, a satellite nation in the Soviet Bloc. In the 1980s, Czechoslovak cultural policy, theoretically and declaratively (if not always in practice) respected the norms of socialist realism, and it was in the name of the very ideals promoted by these posters that Western popular culture (and Kafka, for that matter) were banned as "bourgeois" and "decadent" imperialist propaganda. Here in the spectacle of a Chelsea gallery, the stars of Hollywood - the most visible exponent of American capitalism-celebrated the repurposing of political propaganda into aesthetic objects, as if theatrically reasserting capitalism's victory over the ideologies of the Soviet Bloc. As a cornerstone I am going to use Zde jsou psi/Here Be Dogs, a Czech/ English book about visual culture of Czech independent music scenes that I edited in 2010. (Fellow Czech journalist Martina Overstreet served as a producer for the book). The book features thirty-two musical projects now active in the Czech Republic, each introduced by a) a studio portrait of its personnel by the photographer Adam Holy, b) a representative set of the project's visual communications-costumes, album covers, booklets, flyers, posters, documentary and promotional photographs, video projections used during performances, merchandise, banner ads, computer wallpapers, buddy icons, etc., and c) a short text written by a third party author familiar with the Czech music scene. The image of the visually compelling part of the indie scene is complemented by Dusan Tomanek's documentary photographs, which were taken of Czech audiences in the past four years at festivals, clubs, and various other venues. My experiences as pop music critic, editor of two independent arts and culture publications, and advocate for popular music studies within Czech media studies at Prague's Charles University informed my enthusiasm for the topic and allowed me to foresee the obstacles in the production and reception of this project in the Czech cultural space. There were several. The book packed more than forty names in its colophon, with some ninety members of bands (plus their designers and photographers), and sold out its initial run of a thousand copies. As such it became a useful indicator of positions on the role of the image in the indie music sphere.I began research for the book in 2009 by examining more than 300 contemporary Czech acts that had at least some web presence, and my colleagues Martina Overstreet and Marie Hladikova also conducted a similar scope of research. Most bands I researched got by with the default page settings on MySpace, or a profile on its Czech counterpart, www.bandzone.cz The thirty-two projects included in the book represent only a minority of bands, with our primary criteria being that those selected showed interesting approaches to their visual presentation or at least showed interest in visual presentation. They were singled out as exemplary and the introductory text of the book served as defense of such interests.

Straipsnyje nagrinėjama riba tarp tikrovės ir meninės išmonės, siekiama nustatyti pastarosios vietą mūsų gyvenamojoje visumoje. Vadovaujamasi fenomenologine perspektyva, kuri papildoma Aristotelio judrios realybės samprata ir Bachtino estetine žiūra. Tai vadinama kultūros fenomenologijos modeliu: pramanas čia traktuojamas kaip fenomenas, kuris įtraukiamas į gyvenamąją visumą, o ši savo ruožtu praplečiama. Gyvenamosios aplinkos judrumą laiduoja nuolatinis ribų tarp pramano ir tikrovės perkėlimas. Tikrovė suprantama kaip egzistencinė tikslų ir prasmių visuma, kur savo vietą randa pramanytas herojus, kreipiantis mūsų gyvenimą. Teigiama, kad mes patys tampame savo autorinio kūrinio – gyvenimo – herojais. Tarp mūsų kaip autoriaus ir kaip herojaus skleidžiasi įtampa kaip nuolatinis ribų perkėlimas. Gyvenimas taptų nejudrus, t. y. nekūrybingas, išsitrynus šiai ribai ir susiliejus autoriui bei herojui. Straipsnyje iš kultūros fenomenologijos perspektyvos kalbama ir apie ribas tarp estetinio, etinio ir religinio gyvenamojo pasaulio plotmių. Nagrinėjamos išsiplėtusios kūno ribos šiuolaikiniame techninių protezų pasaulyje. Atkreipiamas dėmesys į tai, kad kūno išplėtimas gali reikšti iškūnijimą, o ne įkūnijimą. Įkūnijimas, kaip ir įtikrovinimas, įdaiktinimas, įribinimas, siejamas su įtraukimu į mūsų egzistencinę siekių ir prasmių visumą. Kultūros fenomenologijos kontekste nagrinėjama ir riba tarp gyvenimo bei mirties. Teigiama, kad gyvenimas juo talpesnis, kuo arčiau esame mirties ribos, nes mūsų laikas nukreiptas ir atgal – ne vien pirmyn. Taip laiko ir erdvės ribos gyvenamajame pasaulyje taip pat priklauso nuo mūsų egzistencinių siekių. Autorius teigia, kad gyvenimui judrumą garantuoja ribų tarp mąstymo ir gyvenimo puoselėjimas ir nuolatinis plėtimas.Reikšminiai žodžiai: riba, tikrovė, pramanas, menas, gyvenimas, egzistencija, fenomenas, kultūra.

THE LIMITS BETWEEN FICTION AND REALITY: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVETomas Kačerauskas
Summary A limit between reality and artistic fiction is analyzed and attempt is made to determine the place of fiction in our living whole. The author follows the phenomenological perspective supplemented by Aristotle's conception of mobile reality and Bachtin's aesthetical contemplation. It is called the model of phenomenology of culture. The fiction is treated here as a phenomenon that is included into the living whole which is in this way extended. The permanent displacement of the limits between fiction and reality guarantees the mobility of the living environment. The reality is treated as an existential whole of the aims and senses. The fictional hero that directs our life takes part in this whole. The author of the article supposes that we have become the heroes of our creation of life. The tension as a permanent transferring of the limits unfolds between us as the author and as the hero. The life would become stagnant, i. e. not creative, without this limit between the author and the hero. It is spoken as well about the limits between aesthetical, ethical, and religion planes of the living world. The author analyses the extended limits of the body in the contemporary world of technical prostheses. The extending of body may mean the going from body instead of embodiment. The embodiment as realization or limitation is connected with including aims and senses to our existential whole. The limit between life and death is investigated as well in the context of phenomenology of culture. The author maintains that the life is the more spacious the more we are close to death, because our time is directed also backwards, not only forwards. So the limits of time and space depend as well on our existential aims. Both the nurturance and permanent extension of limits between thinking and life guarantees the mobility of life.Keywords: limit, reality, fiction, art, life, existence, phenomenon, culture.

How population change affects human welfare was a central concern of economists during the decades that followed publication of Malthus's Essay. But from the middle of the nineteenth century, continuing for some one hundred years, population issues played a marginal role in economics, with leading figures of that discipline, particularly in the New World, turning their attention to the topic only episodically. The presidential address delivered by Frank Fetter to the American Economic Association in 1913 is a notable example of such attention. Frank Albert Fetter (1863–1949), much of whose career was spent as professor on the faculty of Princeton University, was a prominent economic theorist of the early decades of the twentieth century and author, among numerous other works, of the influential texts Principles of Economics (1904) and its two‐volume successors, Economic Principles (1915) and Modern Economic Problems (1916 and 1922).Population was an early interest of Fetter's, as is shown by the topic of his doctoral dissertation, which he wrote, after studies at Indiana University, Cornell, and the Sorbonne, at the University of Halle (Versuch einer Bevölkerungslehre ausgehend von einer Kritik des Malthus'schen Bevölkerungsprincips, Jena: G. Fischer, 1894). His address to the AEA recalls that interest, looking back on the decade ending in 1910, a period of rapid population increase in the United States, fueled by heavy immigration.In the first part of the address, Fetter offers insightful comments on Malthus's novel humanitarian and democratic formulation of the population problem and on the contrasting demographic situation between Europe and the United States. But with the closing of the land frontier he sees American exceptionalism coming to an end, as the economic forces—abundant natural resources and progress in science and the "technical arts"—that heretofore counteracted the depressing effect of population growth on wages "have spent themselves." At a time when the US population was about one‐third of its present size, he argued that "we have passed the point of diminishing returns in the relation of our population to our resources." Therefore "it is high time to revise the optimistic American doctrine of population." To control "the fate and fortunes of the children of this and future generations," the US would need a policy of conserving natural resources and retarding the increase of population.Of the two components of population growth—natural increase and immigration—only the latter is "controllable in large measure by legislative action." Fetter thus devotes the second part of his address to a discussion of the effects of immigration on the American economy. His line of argument closely parallels an influential strand in the contemporary US debate on that issue. In the first decade of the century, the population of the United States grew by some 16 million and the number of immigrants was nearly 9 million. Fetter sees the potential for further immigration as nearly limitless, given an open‐door policy. The motive to migrate to the United States would not cease "until real wages in America are leveled down to those of the most impoverished populations permitted to enter our ports." Yet reducing American prosperity would afford "no permanent relief to the overcrowded lands," as "natural increase quickly fills the ranks of an impoverished peasantry." While unrestricted immigration is against the interest of the mass of the people, conflicting interests, ideas, and sentiments paralyze remedial action: individual or class advantage comes before consideration of the "larger national welfare." Unless immigration is restricted, Americans may find "that they have bartered the peace and security of their children for the pleasures of a brief season."The text of Fetter's address is reproduced below in full from American Economic Review, vol. 3, no. 1: Papers and Proceedings of the Twenty‐fifth Annual Meeting of the American Economic Association, March 1913.

However, the professional challenges are apparently bigger than the difficulties journalists are confronted with. The dignity of the profession stems from its constant fight for freedoms, universal and professional. Worldwide there are almost daily major meetings at which the significance of the freedoms of the media is emphasised as well as the importance of journalists in their struggle against negative events of all kinds. Such journalists can no longer be universal ignoramuses, mere conduit for someone else's attitudes, obedient spokespersons for other people's ideas, reporters who have elevated self-censorship to perfection. Such journalism still exists, deeply-rooted, difficult to eradicate, but young people - at least at the start of their careers - do not even think to take pa in such journalism. Investigative journalism, fighting for the truth, promotion of progressive ideas, revealing the weaknesses of the powerful and empowering the weak - these are the attributes of the kind of journalism that young people prefer. They belong to a new, globalised world, in which several states. + Professional standards are the best and - with a little help o ethics - the most efficient obstacle for manipulation. Professional standards are provided by good-quality education. (SOI : PM: S. 221; 227f.) + Mass media today are an unavoidable part of life of contemporary civilization. Central to the information system of the mass media are journalists as the key "producers" of information. Their working methods have changed under pressure from state-of-the-art technological advances that have facilitated the functioning of the mass media. In the 1960s, journalists began their careers with a notepad and a pencil, and they are going to retire by using PCs, satellite communication, digital cameras, and electronic data bases. With time, journalists have become educated experts who continually broaden their knowledge and professional training. That is why permanent in-service training is a must for their future since educated journalists are the most effective barrier to mampulations. A Croatian survey has shown that Croatian journalists are very interested in permanent education. + The journalist profession is becoming more respectable in the world and in Croatia. "By all the conventional indicators, national journalists are solidly upper-middle-class. All but a small handful of older men and women are college graduates, and many have postgraduate degrees. Newsmagazine journalists still are educated primarily at the Ivy League schools or equivalent private universities in other parts of the country; even most television journalists, some of whom grew up in lower- middle-class homes, have attended quality schools." In Croatia young people also want to get a solid college education. The number of applicants for the department of journalism at the Faculty of Political Science in 1998 is very telling: there were eleven applicants for each successful candidate! The conclusion is obvious; young people are interested in journalism, want to get a diploma and in the process to acquire the skills and the knowledge necessary for today's journalists. Journalism is no longer a profession that evokes images of false attractions, or that lures young people with romantic delusions about travels, big money, easy life, jet-set frolics, and so on. Young people have lost their illusions regarding this, since every day they hear news about the prosecution of journalists, violation of their rights, pressures endured and restrictions of their freedoms. Isn't it frightening that nineteen journalists were killed in 1998 while doing their job, the information disclosed by the organisation Reporters without frontiers? Aren't more than five hundred legal actions against Croatian journalists a sufficiently clear portent for young people how thorny the path they have embarked upon is?

Do two people, coming from different cultural backgrounds, see the same image the same way? Do we employ technologies of seeing that embed visuality within relentless cultural and ideological frames? And, if so, when does visual difference become a tool for inclusion and exclusion? When does it become an instrument of war? I argue that we're always implicated in visuality as a form of confirmation bias, and that what we see is shaped by preexisting socio-ideological frames that can only be liberated through an active and critical relationship with the image. The image itself, albeit ubiquitous, is never unimplicated - at once violated and violating; with both its creator and its perceiver self-positioned as its ultimate subject.I follow a trace of the image within the context of a supposed Islam versus the West dichotomy; its construction, instrumentalization, betrayals, and incriminations. This trace sometimes forks into multiple paths, and at times loops unto itself, but eventually moves towards a traversal of a visual divide. I apply the trace as my methodology in the sense suggested by Derrida, but also as a technology for finding my way into and out of an epistemological labyrinth.The Visual Divide comprises five chapters: Chapter One presents some of the major themes of this work while attempting a theoretical account of image perception within philosophical and cross-cultural settings. I use this account to understand and undermine contemporary rhetoric (as in the works of Samuel Huntington and Bernard Lewis) that seems intent on theorizing a supposed cultural and historical dichotomies between Islam and the West.In Chapter Two, I account for slogan chants heard at Tahrir Square during the January 25 Egyptian revolution as tools to discovering a mix of technology, language and revolution that could be characterized as hybrid, plural and present at the center of which lies the human body as subject to public peril. Chapter Three analyzes a state of visual divide where photographic evidence is posited against ethnographic reality as found in postcards of nude and semi-nude Algerian Muslim women in the 19th century. I connect this state to a chain of visual oppositions that place Western superiority as its subject and which continues to our present day with the Abu Ghraib photographs and the Mohammed cartoons, etc. Chapter Four deploys the image of Mohamed al-Durra, a 3rd grader who was shot dead, on video, at a crossroads in Gaza, and the ensuing attempts to reinterpret, recreate, falsify and litigate the meaning of the video images of his death in order to propagate certain political doxa. I relate the violence against the image, by the image, and despite the image, to a state of pure war that is steeped in visuality, and which transforms the act of seeing into an act of targeting.In Chapter Five, I integrate the concept of visuality with that of the human body under peril in order to identify conditions that lead to comparative suffering or a division that views humanity as something other than unitary and of equal value. I connect the figures of der Muselmann, Shylock, Othello, the suicide bomber, and others to subvert a narrative that claims that one's suffering is deeper than another's, or that life could be valued differently depending on the place of your birth, the color of your skin, or the thickness of your accent.Finally, in the Epilogue: Tabbouleh Deterritorialized, I look at the interconnected states of perception and remembering within diasporic contexts. Cultural identity (invoked by an encounter with tabbouleh on a restaurant menu in Orlando) is both questioned and transformed and becomes the subject of perception and negotiation. ; 2011-12-01 ; Ph.D. ; Arts and Humanities, English ; Doctoral ; This record was generated from author submitted information.

Целью (метазадачей) настоящей работы есть попытка взглянуть на проблему экзистенциально-антропологического риска, порождаемого современной техногенной цивилизацией, с точки зрения сопоставления и противостояния эстетики, субстратом которой является эмоционально-метафорическая интерпретация субъективных ценностей индивидуума, и политики, питаемой объективно-рационалистическими интересами социальных групп. В обоих случаях наличествует семантический разрыв между репрезентируемой реальностью и ее репрезентацией в восприятии художественного произведения и политических доктринах. Методологией исследования служит эволюционно-антропологическая компаративистика. Научная новизна проведенного анализа сводится к следующему. Как антитеза биологическому и социальному редукционизму в объяснении феномена биовласти предлагается коэволюционная семантическая модель, в соответствии с которой описанный семантический разрыв носит субстанциональный характер, связанный со сложной, модульной организацией стабильной адаптивной стратегии человека, состоящей из трех сопряженно, но независимо функционирующих модулей (генетического, культурного и техно-рационалистического). Эволюционная траектория всех компонентов антропогенеза, в том числе цивилизационно-культурной и социополитической эволюции, определяется соотношением двух макропараметров – эволюционной эффективности и эволюционной устойчивости (самоидентичности), сохранения в ходе последовательных трансформаций некоторых инвариантов организации видовой специфичности Homo sapiens. При этом в силу того, что, применительно к человеку, некоторые модули эволюционной (адаптивной) стратегии приобретают атрибуты саморефлексии, правильнее в этом случае говорить об эволюционной корректности, т.е. соответствии некоему идеальному образу. В результате будущее человеческой природы определяется не только рационалистическими принципами этики вида (давнее выражение Юргена Хабермаса), но и целостным эмоционально-эстетическим образом собственного «Я». Как вывод констатируется каузальная связь между развитием технологий High Hume (NBIC) и трендом на антропологическую тотальность феномена биовласти, которая пронизывает все наличное бытие человека в современной цивилизации. В результате происходит трансформация социального риска современной (техногенной) цивилизации в риск эволюционный. ; Метою (метазавданням) цієї роботи є спроба поглянути на проблему екзистенційно-антропологічного ризику, що породжується сучасною техногенною цивілізацією, з точки зору зіставлення і протистояння естетики, субстратом якої є емоційно-метафорична інтерпретація суб'єктивних цінностей індивідуума, і політики, яка живиться об'єктивно-раціоналістичними інтересами соціальних груп. В обох випадках є наявним семантичний розрив між реальністю, що репрезентується, та її репрезентацією в сприйнятті художнього твору і політичних доктринах. Методологією дослідження служить еволюційно-антропологічна компаративістика. Наукова новизна проведеного аналізу зводиться до наступного. Як антитеза біологічному і соціальному редукціонізму щодо пояснення феномена біовлади пропонується коеволюційна семантична модель, відповідно до якої описаний семантичний розрив носить субстанціональний характер, пов'язаний зі складною, модульною організацією стабільної адаптивної стратегії людини, що складається з трьох узгоджено, але незалежно функціонуючих модулів (генетичного, культурного і техно-раціоналістичного). Еволюційна траєкторія всіх компонентів антропогенезу, в тому числі цивілізаційно-культурної та соціополітичної еволюції, визначається співвідношенням двох макропараметрів – еволюційної ефективності та еволюційної стійкості (самоідентичності) – збереженням в ході послідовних трансформацій деяких інваріантів організації видової специфічності Homo sapiens. Позаяк того, що, стосовно людини, деякі модулі еволюційної (адаптивної) стратегії набувають атрибути саморефлексії, більш доцільно в цьому випадку говорити про еволюційну коректність, тобто відповідність деякому ідеальному образу. Як результат, майбутнє людської природи визначається не тільки раціоналістичними принципами етики виду (давній вираз Юрґена Габермаса), але й цілісним емоційно-естетичним образом власного «Я». Як висновок констатується каузальний зв'язок між розвитком технологій High Hume (NBIC) і трендом на антропологічну тотальність феномена біовлади, що пронизує все наявне буття людини в сучасній цивілізації. В результаті відбувається трансформація соціального ризику сучасної (техногенної) цивілізації в ризик еволюційний. ; Purpose (metatask) of the present work is to attempt to give a glance at the problem of existential and anthropological risk caused by the contemporary man-made civilization from the perspective of comparison and confrontation of aesthetics, the substrate of which is emotional and metaphorical interpretation of individual subjective values and politics feeding by objectively rational interests of social groups. In both cases there is some semantic gap present between the represented social reality and its representation in perception of works of art and in the political doctrines as well. Methodology of the research is evolutionary anthropologicalcomparativistics. Originality of the conducted analysis comes to the following: As the antithesis to biological and social reductionism in interpretation of the phenomenon of bio-power it is proposed a co-evolutionary semantic model in accordance with which the described semantic gap is of the substantial nature related to the complex module organization of a consistent and adaptive human strategy consisting of three associated but independently functional modules (genetic, cultural and techno-rational). Evolutionary trajectory of all anthropogenesis components including civilization cultural and social-political evolution is identified by the proportion between two macro variables – evolutionary effectiveness and evolutionary stability (sameness), i.e. preservation in the context of consequential transformations of some invariants of Homo sapiens species specificity organization. It should be noted that inasmuch as in respect to human, some modules of the evolutionary (adaptive) strategy assume self-reflection attributes, it would be more correctly to state about evolutionary correctness, i.e. correspondence to some perfection. As a result, the future of human nature depends not only on the rationalist principles of ethics of Homo species (the archaism of Jurgen Habermas), but also on the holistic and emotionally aesthetic image of «Self». In conclusion it should be noted that there is a causal link between the development of High Hume (NBIC) technologies and the totality of the trend in the anthropological phenomenon of bio-power that permeates all the available human existence in modern civilization. As a result, there is a transformation of a contemporary social (man-made) risk in the evolutionary civilization risk.

This dissertation examines, through literary and testimonial texts, the transmission and dissemination of narratives about torture that took place during the Algerian War of Independence. Fictional depictions of limit experiences such as torture are deeply rooted in discourses about remembering and forgetting. I argue that the frequently used term "open secret" is a misnomer which is taken up in literature in order to be critiqued through narrative fragmentation and shifting generic frames. My project is interdisciplinary, and studies literary and anthropological discussions of torture as both a politicized and sexualized system. I address the problem of representing torture and raise questions about the status of historiography and its place within French, Algerian, and trans-Mediterranean discourses. My first chapter, "Histories repeating," examines how and why fictional accounts of torture and its aftermath tend to deliberately conflate and intertwine various historical periods. Making individual memories of physical violence the subject of fiction, the authors I discuss narrativize the historical reality of torture in order to illustrate the longue durée and endless repeatability of violence. Being tortured and witnessing torture affects how one is able to transmit the memory of that act, as illustrated by the use of imbricated and hallucinatory narratives in generically diverse texts. Novels by Leïla Marouane and Antonin Varenne, and a short story by Assia Djebar, reveal the persistence of the Algerian War of Independence in contemporary fiction, and oblige readers to adopt a multidirectional approach to reading, as the text employs the same strategy to remember (and forget) extreme violence. In Chapter One, I also argue that texts employing a multidirectional approach to memories of the Algerian War and its aftermaths often work to de-inscribe the law that is written onto bodies. By creating characters that are, in one way or another, survivors and narrators of torture, the texts reject the hegemonic markers of torture, and criticize the systems that uphold victime/bourreau identitarianism. In Chapter Two, "The Tortured Body and the Narrativization of the Impossible," I turn to the oeuvre of Assia Djebar, whose career-long engagement with questions of history and individual and collective memory is evident in all of her texts, to discuss how the transmission of the story of torture is inscribed on the body. I refer to the mise en récit of these stories as a narrativization of the impossible, an impossibility that is predicated on the female body as a concrete trace of an act that is often denied or repressed by the individual. In the collection Femmes d'Alger dans leur appartement (1980) and novel La Femme sans sépulture (2002), Djebar rejects memory as a process at the service of the post-Independence State, and the various forms of transmission of violent narratives in her texts are a movement against monolithic forms of history-making. Rather than taking up positions as lieux de mémoire, static sites that work towards a national conception of memory and history, the narratives I examine refuse memorialization and allow instead an open-ended narrative that must be physically passed down in order to circulate in the face of renewed violence in Algeria.In my final chapter, "Testimonial texts: writing the obscene," I move away from fictional accounts of the aftermath of torture to explore the testimonial genre. Looking to first-person texts by Henri Alleg, Djamila Boupacha and Louisette Ighilarhiz, I argue that metropolitan French intellectuals had to intervene in their circulation and reception in order to mitigate the social and political unacceptability of these texts that are figured as "obscene." Ross Chambers' analysis of testimonial writing as both "untimely" and "obscene" acts in Untimely Interventions: AIDS Writing, Testimonial and the Rhetoric of Haunting underpins my argument that the description of torture in testimonial narratives is an exploration of the obscene; a state of affairs that allows for continual personal and systematic denial of the existence of torture and torture victims. The prevalence of sexual violence and rape and its place in French and Algerian cultural and social memory is also central to Chapter Three and my discussion of the textually obscene: torture is both hors scène, out of sight of the public, and obscene in the kind of limit experience it means for the victim and the torturer. The contrast between private and public discourses and the dissonance that can occur when narratives try to cross the public/private divide complicate how stories of torture are made available and received by readers. Reading testimonial accounts as textual incursions that embody the obscenity of torture and its physical effects, I argue that the paratextual support of French intellectuals was a necessary aspect of the transmission of primary torture narratives during the war. This mediation simultaneously shielded readers from the shock of events that were purposely kept "off-stage," and, paradoxically, highlighted the details of testimony that were the most contentious: descriptions of sexual violence, protracted legal struggles, and the blurred border between the French "us" and the Algerian "them." Multidirectional memory, another form of mediation that transmits narratives of torture, describes a shuttling between separate traumatic memories that are ultimately told together. I use Michael Rothberg's theory to explain and analyze the hinging effect often present more recent fictional texts on the Algerian War that are preoccupied with both the legacy of the War of Independence and the more immediate violence of Algeria's décennie noire. Using these narrative theories, I argue that the transmission of narratives of torture, be they fictional or testimonial, relies on a certain degree of mediation or deferral. I posit the transmission, or making public, of these stories as both individual and collective, and marked by a necessarily complex relationship to history, memory, and the physical traces of violence.By analyzing both Algerian and hexagonal French literature that addresses torture during the Algerian War, my dissertation frames the "Question" of state-sponsored violence as an enduring transnational topos that creates a proliferation of ghosts, unanswerable questions, and unsolvable crimes. As a project that engages with both hexagonal French and Francophone texts, my dissertation offers a new theory of how literature can engage with and defy taboos on memorial transmission and publically-recognizable grievances, and how the memory of torture is narrativized and circulated.

Chapter 1: Introduction / Institutional Ethnography: Sociology for Today, Paul C. Luken -- Part 1: Exploring Historical and Ontological Foundations -- Chapter 2: Elements of an Expansive Institutional Ethnography: A Conceptual History of its North American Origins, Marjorie L. Devault -- Chapter 3: Materialist Matters: A Case for Revisiting the Social Ontology of Institutional Ethnography, Liza McCoy -- Chapter 4: Teaching Institutional Ethnography as an Alternative Sociology, Eric Mykhalovsky, Colin Hastings, Leigha Comer, Julia Gruson-Wood, and Mathew Strang -- Chapter 5: Exploring Institutional Words as People's Practices, Dorothy E. Smith -- Part 2: Developing Strategies and Exploring Challenges -- Chapter 6: Mapping Ruling Relations: Advancing the Use of Visual Methods in Institutional Ethnography, Nikole K. Dalmer -- Chapter 7: Discovering the Social Organization of Perinatal Care for Women Living with HIV: Reflections from a Novice Institutional Ethnographer, Allyson Ion -- Chapter 8: IE and Visual Research Methods: An Open-ended Discussion, Morena Tartari -- Chapter 9: And Then There Was Copyright, Suzanne Vaughan -- Chapter 10: Invoking Work Knowledge: Exploring the Social Organization of Producing Gender Studies, Rebecca W.B. Lund -- Chapter 11: Teaching Institutional Ethnography to Undergraduate Students, Kathryn Church -- Part 3: Explicating Global/Transnational Ruling Relations -- Chapter 12: Using Institutional Ethnography to Investigate Intergovernmental Environmental Policy Making, Lauren E. Eastwood -- Chapter 13: Regulating the Duty to Consult: Exploring the Textually-Mediated Nature of Indigenous Dispossession in Chile, Magdalena Ugarte -- Chapter 14: Transnational Power Relations in Education: How it Works Down South, Nerida Spina and Barbara Comber -- Chapter 15: The Struggle for 'Survival' in Contemporary Higher Education: The Lived Experiences of Junior Academics, Li-Fang and Yu-Hsuan Lin -- Part 4: Making Change within Communities -- Chapter 16: Building Change On and Off Reserve: Six Nations of the Grand River Territory, Susan Marie Turner and Julia Bomberry -- Chapter 17: Mapping Institutional Relations for Local Policy Change: The Case of Lead Poisoning in Syracuse, New York, Frank Ridzi -- Chapter 18: The Institutional Analysis: Matching What Institutions Do with What Works for People, Ellen Pence -- Part 5: Critiquing Public Sector Management Regimes -- Chapter 19: Professional Talk: Unpacking Professional Language, Ann Christin E. Nilsen -- Chapter 20: The Frontline Interpretive Work of Activating the Americans with Disabilities Act, Eric Rodtiguez -- Chapter 21: Contested Forms of Knowledge in the Criminal-Legal System: Evidence-Based Practice and Other Ways of Knowing among Frontline Workers, Nicole Kaufman and Megan Welsh -- Chapter 22: Public Protection as a Ruling Concept in the Management of Nurses' Substance Use, Charlotte A. Ross -- Chapter 23: Producing Functional Equivalency in Video Relay Service, Jeremy L. Brunson -- Part 6: Bringing Together Different Approaches and Perspectives -- Chapter 24: Using Composites to Craft Institutional Ethnographic Accounts, Michael Corman -- Chapter 25: Attending to Messy Troubles of the Anthropocene with Institutional Ethnography and Material Semiotics: The Case for Vital Institutional Ethnography, Karly Burch -- Chapter 26: Institutional Ethnography for Social Work, Gerald de Montigny -- Chapter 27: Institutional Ethnography and Youth Participatory Action Research: A Praxis Approach, Naomi Nichols and Jessica Ruglis.

With the United States? superpower status rivalled by a rising China and emerging powers like India and Brazil playing a growing role in international affairs, the global balance of power is shifting. But what does this mean for the future of the international order? Will China dominate the 21st Century? Will the so-called BRICS prove to be a disruptive force in global affairs? Are we headed towards a world marked by frequent strife, or will the end of Western dominance make the world more peaceful?In this provocative new book, Oliver Stuenkel argues that our understanding of global order and predictions about its future are limited because we seek to imagine the post-Western world from a parochial Western-centric perspective. Such a view is increasingly inadequate in a world where a billions of people regard Western rule as a temporary aberration, and the rise of Asia as a return to normalcy. In reality, China and other rising powers that elude the simplistic extremes of either confronting or joining existing order are quietly building a 'parallel order' which complements today?s international institutions and increases rising powers' autonomy. Combining accessibility with expert sensitivity to the complexities of the global shift of power, Stuenkel?s vision of a post-Western world will be core reading for students and scholars of contemporary international affairs, as well as anyone interested in the future of global politics.?A fascinating interpretation of our understanding of politics and global affairs, which demonstrates the evolving nature of power today. Oliver Stuenkel presents a compelling argument - not just about the ?Rise of the Rest?, but also the overlooked power and influence of the non-Western world. Highly engaging and instructive.? Dr Shashi Tharoor, India?s Minister of State for External Affairs (2009-10) ?Oliver Stuenkel is one of the best new voices in the field of international politics. In Post-Western World, he explores the primary challenges of the global order and critiques the parochial, Eurocentric vision which conforms to international power structures. This book is essential reading for anyone seeking to understand what a multipolar world order would look like and how it might be effectively realized.? Celso Amorim, Brazil?s Minister of External Relations (1993-5, 2003-11) and Minister of Defence (2011-15) Oliver Stuenkelis an Assistant Professor of International Relations at the Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV) in S?o Paulo, where he coordinates the S?o Paulo branch of the School of History and Social Science (CPDOC) and the executive program in International Relations. He is also a non-resident Fellow at the Global Public Policy Institute (GPPi) in Berlin and a member of the Carnegie Rising Democracies Network. His popular and influential blog postwesternworld.com explores how emerging powers are changing the world.

Das Jahrbuch würdigt das 25-jährige Bestehen der »Deutschen Gesellschaft zur Erforschung des Politischen Denkens« (DGEPD). Es beinhaltet in diesem Zusammenhang einen Beitrag zu deren Gründungsgeschichte. Ein zweiter Schwerpunkt lenkt den Blick auf Methodenfragen. In vier Beiträgen wird die Relevanz hermeneutischer, historischer und philosophischer Ansätze für die Erforschung des politischen Denkens und seiner Funktion für die Gegenwartsgesellschaft, über Fach- und Schulgrenzen hinweg, verdeutlicht. Der dritte Teil erörtert das Spektrum des politischen Denkens in seiner ganzen Bandbreite von der griechischen und römischen Antike über Aufklärung und Romantik bis hin zu aktuellen Fragestellungen. Das Jahrbuch würdigt das 25-jährige Bestehen der »Deutschen Gesellschaft zur Erforschung des Politischen Denkens« (DGEPD). Es beinhaltet in diesem Zusammenhang einen Beitrag zu deren Gründungsgeschichte. Ein zweiter Schwerpunkt lenkt den Blick auf Methodenfragen. In vier Beiträgen wird die Relevanz hermeneutischer, historischer und philosophischer Ansätze für die Erforschung des politischen Denkens und seiner Funktion für die Gegenwartsgesellschaft, über Fach- und Schulgrenzen hinweg, verdeutlicht. Der dritte Teil erörtert das Spektrum des politischen Denkens in seiner ganzen Bandbreite von der griechischen und römischen Antike über Aufklärung und Romantik bis hin zu aktuellen Fragestellungen. Hans-Christof Kraus studierte Geschichte, Germanistik und Philosophie an der Georg-August-Universität zu Göttingen. 1992 Promotion im Fach Mittlere und Neuere Geschichte. Berufliche Tätigkeit und akademische Lehre an verschiedenen Forschungsinstitutionen und Hochschulen, u.a. in Berlin, München, Speyer, Stuttgart, Jena. 2002 Habilitation für das Fach Neuere und Neueste Geschichte an der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. Seit 2007 Ordinarius und Lehrstuhlinhaber für Neuere und Neueste Geschichte an der Universität Passau. Mitglied u.a. der Historischen Kommission bei der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, der Kommission für die Geschichte des Parlamentarismus und der politischen Parteien, der Historischen Kommission zu Berlin, der Preußischen Historischen Kommission. Reinhard Mehring, Erstes und Zweites Staatsexamen, 1988 Promotion; 1991 Wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter an der Juristischen Fakultät der Universität Würzburg; 1993 Wissenschaftlicher Assistent am Institut für Philosophie der Humboldt-Universität Berlin, dort 2000 Habilitation; Tätigkeit als Privatdozent, Schuldienst; seit 2007 Professor für Politikwissenschaft und ihre Didaktik an der Pädagogischen Hochschule Heidelberg. Peter Nitschke, Dr. phil. habil., Studium der Neueren Geschichte, der Philosophie und der Politikwissenschaft an der Universität Münster (1981–89). Preisträger der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, hist.-philos. Klasse (1989). Habilitationsstipendiat der Fritz Thyssen Stiftung (1990–93), Gastprofessuren in Münster, Essen und am Kulturwissenschaftlichen Institut (1994–97). Universitätsprofessor für Wissenschaft von der Politik an der Universität Vechta seit 1997, Gründungsdirektor des Instituts für Sozialwissenschaften (2000), Vizepräsident für Forschung und Nachwuchsförderung (2002–04), Geschäftsführer der Deutschen Gesellschaft zur Erforschung des Politischen Denkens (DGEPD) seit 2007. Forschungsschwerpunkte in der Politischen Theorie und Ideengeschichte, der Europapolitik und der Globalisierung. Martyn P. Thompson is Associate Professor and Senior Political Theorist in the Department of Political Science. His main fields of interest are the history of political thought since the Renaissance, literature and politics, and contemporary German political philosophy. Professor Thompson has two doctorates, the first from the London School of Economics, the second (the Habilitation) from Tuebingen University. He has been a faculty member in the universities of London, Cambridge and Tuebingen. His honors include a Fellow Commonership at Churchill College, Cambridge University; Fellowships at the Huntington Library and the William Andrews Clark Library in California; and honorary life membership of the R.G. Collingwood Society. Professor Thompson founded the Deutsche Gesellschaft zur Erforschung des politischen Denkens in 1989. He was President of the International Conference for the Study of Political Thought from 1995 to 2002 and he was President of the Michael Oakeshott Association from 2008 to 2010. Prof. Dr. Barbara Zehnpfennig lehrt als Professorin für Politische Theorie und Ideengeschichte an der Universität Passau. Ihre Schwerpunktthemen sind antike Philosophie, amerikanisches Verfassungsdenken und Totalitarismus, letzterer speziell im Hinblick auf die Erforschung seiner ideologischen Grundlagen. Seit 2004 ist sie Vorsitzende der Deutschen Gesellschaft zur Erforschung des Politischen Denkens (DGEPD), seit 2006 Mitherausgeberin des »Jahrbuchs Politisches Denken«.

Introduction: Horizons, Issues and Relationships in Green Criminology / Avi Brisman and Nigel South. -- Part I: History, Theory and Methods. A Guide to a Green Criminology / Nigel South, Avi Brisman, and Piers Beirne ; Reflections on Green Criminology and its Boundaries: Comparing Environmental and Criminal Victimization and Considering Crime from an Eco-city Perspective / Michael J. Lynch ; The Ordinary Acts that Contribute to Ecocide: A Criminological Analysis / Robert Agnew ; The Contemporary Horizon of Green Criminology / Lorenzo Natali ; Innovative Approaches to Researching Environmental Crime / Diane Heckenberg and Rob White. -- Part II: International and Transnational Issues for a Green Criminology. Conservation Criminology and the "General Accident" of Climate Change / Mark Halsey ; The Criminogenic Consequences of Climate Change: Blurring the Boundaries between Offenders and Victims / Matthew Hall and Stephen Farrall ; Air Crimes and Atmospheric Justice / Reece Walters ; Crude Laws: Treadmill of Production and State Variations in Civil and Criminal Liability for Oil Discharges in Navigable Waters / Matthew B. Greife and Paul B. Stretesky ; Food Crime: A Green Criminology Perspective / Hazel Croall ; Nature for Rehabilitating Offenders and Facilitating Therapeutic Outcomes for Youth at Risk / Jules Pretty, Carly Wood, Rachel Hine and Jo Barton. -- Part III: Region-Specific Problems: Some Case Studies. The Amazon Rainforest: A Green Criminological Perspective / Tim Boekhout van Solinge and Karlijn Kuijpers ; The Control of Conflict Minerals in Africa and a Preliminary Assessment of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Act / Richard D. Clark ; Green Issues in South-Eastern Europe / Katja Eman and Gorazd Meško. -- Part IV: Relationships in Green Criminology: Environment and Economy. Eco-Global Criminology and the Political Economy of Environmental Harm / Rob White ; The Environment and the Crimes of the Economy / Vincenzo Ruggiero ; Evading Responsibility for Green Harm: State-Corporate Exploitation of Race, Class, and Gender Inequality / Emily Gaarder ; Public Perceptions of Corporate Environmental Crime: Assessing the Impact of Economic Insecurity on Willingness to Impose Punishment for Pollution / Tara O'Connor Shelley and Michael J. Hogan. -- Part V: Relationships in Green Criminology: Humans and Non-Human Species ; Uncovering the Significance of and Motivation for Wildlife Trafficking / Tanya Wyatt ; Victimisation of Women, Children and Non-Human Species Through Trafficking and Trade: Crimes Understood Through an Ecofeminist Perspective / Ragnhild Sollund ; Environmental Justice, Animal Rights, and Total Liberation: From Conflict and Distance to Points of Common Focus / David N. Pellow. -- Part VI: Relationships in Green Criminology: Environment and Culture. Tangled Up in Green: Cultural Criminology and Green Criminology / Jeff Ferrell ; "This is the North, Where We Do What We Want:" Popular Green Criminology and "Little Red Riding Hood" Films / Steven Kohm and Pauline Greenhill ; Coastline Conflict: Implementing Environmental Law in Salvador da Bahia, Brazil / Stephanie Kane ; Matter All Over the Place: Litter, Criminology and Criminal Justice / Nic Groombridge ; Conclusion: The Planned Obsolescence of Planet Earth? How Green Criminology Can Help Us Learn From Experience and Contribute to Our Future / Avi Brisman and Nigel South.

Preliminary Material /B. Vukas and T. Šošić -- Preventing Double Jeopardy In National Courts After The International Tribunals Close /Mehmet Güney -- Catholic Theology In Croatian Universities: Between The Constitution And The Treaty — A Policy-Oriented Inquiry /Ivan Padjen -- The Relationship Between International Law And Internal Law In The Case-Law Of The Slovene Constitutional Court /Mirjam Škrk -- Theory And Practice Of The Application Of International Law In Japan /Yozo Yokota -- A Twentieth Century Contribution To International Personality: The International Organisation /C.F. Amerasinghe -- Les organisations non gouvernementales sujets de droit international: un problème ouvert /Maria Clelia Ciciriello -- The Role Of International Non-Governmental Organisations (INGOs) In Space Activities And Space Law /Davorin Lapaš -- The Free Territory Of Trieste As A Subject Of International Law /Budislav Vukas, Jr -- Le statut juridique du tribunal international du droit de la mer /Joseph Akl -- A Typology Of Borders /Lucius Caflisch -- Some Observations On The Air Transport Of Animals /Isabella H.P. Diederiks-Verschoor -- The Progressive Development Of International Space Law By The United Nations And Its Present System /Vladimír Kopal -- L'Institution de zones de protection écologique dans la politique des Etats côtiers de la Méditerranée /Umberto Leanza -- La responsabilité internationale des Etats pour dommages au milieu marin /Tafsir Malick Ndiaye -- Certain Oversights Of The International Tribunal For The Law Of The Sea (ITLOS) And Other Interesting Cases Where Recourse To ITLOS Has Not Taken Place /Nicholas M. Poulantzas -- The Russian Continental Shelf Beyond The 200-Mile Zone In The Arctic Ocean /Davorin Rudolf -- La convention pour la sauvegarde du patrimoine culturel immatériel /Tullio Scovazzi -- The Common Heritage Of Mankind And The Protection Of The Underwater Cultural Heritage /Trpimir M. Šošić -- The Vagueness Of The International Rules On The Continental Shelf /Budislav Vukas -- International Humanitarian Law And Human Rights /Elena Andreevska -- Some Reflections On The Convergence Of Human Rights Law And International Humanitarian Law /Vida Čok -- The Human Right To Remain Silent /Vojin Dimitrijević -- The Humanisation Of International Courts /Zlata Drnas De Clément -- The Legal Development Of Indigenous Peoples' Rights In Contemporary International Law /Mira Lulić -- Does Absolute Still Mean Absolute?—The Saadi volume Italy Judgment Of The European Court Of Human Rights /Nina Vajić -- Non-State Actors And International Humanitarian Law: The Status Of Private Military Companies /Vesna Crnić-Grotić -- The Conference On Disarmament: Its Glorious History, Non-Existent Present And Uncertain Future /Toma Galli -- Considérations sur l'application du droit international humanitaire par la Commission arbitrale Erythrée/Ethiopie /Robert Kolb -- Self-Determination And The Dissolution Of The Socialist Federal Republic Of Yugoslavia: The European Community Phase, And The NATO Armed Intervention /Edward McWhinney -- Protection of Cultural Property in Non-International Armed Conflict /Robert Mrljić -- Neutrality In International Armed Conflicts At Sea /Maja Seršić -- The Law Of Armed Conflict Vis-À-Vis Environment /Amado S. Tolentino, Jr -- Index /B. Vukas and T. Šošić.

Esta pesquisa versa sobre a análise do ensino remoto frente ao enredo cinematográfico apresentado no filme "Cyberbully", visto a urgência no combate à violência virtual decorrente do bullying praticado nas mídias sociais digitais. Neste sentir, o presente estudo busca demonstrar como essa modalidade de agressão tem aumentado na contemporaneidade, especialmente, durante a aprendizagem escolar remota emergencial em virtude da pandemia do novo Coronavírus (Covid-19). Ademais, torna-se notório o necessário avanço da legislação pátria, bem como a ampliação da garantia de políticas públicas com vistas à temática em comento. Por conseguinte, a pesquisa visa retratar um grande problema para a sociedade em geral, posto que trata da discussão acerca da falta de normas eficazes no combate ao cyberbullying e, consequentemente, a dada violação à dignidade da pessoa humana na atual geração digital. Assim sendo, o trabalho objetiva expor a necessidade de conscientização perante a sociedade civil e demais setores sociais no que diz respeito a realidade das violências provocadas pelo bullying e cyberbullying, uma vez que foram potencializadas na última década com o advento da internet. Posto isto, o artigo parte de uma pesquisa investigativa apreendida no filme em referência, bem como utiliza-se de técnica qualitativa e de cunho exploratória. Em suma, a pesquisa tem como base o referido filme e o cenário pandêmico, sendo, portanto, considerada a história, a cultura e a legislação do Brasil.
Palavras-chave: Ambientes Virtuais. Bullying. Ensino Remoto Emergencial. Dignidade da Pessoa Humana. Sociedade Informacional.
AbstractThis research deals with the analysis of the cinematographic plot presented in the movie "Cyberbully" against the mechanisms of combating virtual violence resulting from bullying practiced in digital social media. In this sense, the present study seeks to demonstrate how this type of aggression has increased in contemporary times, especially during the period of social isolation due to the pandemic of the new Coronavirus (Covid-19). Furthermore, the urgency of advancing national legislation becomes evident, as well as the expansion of the guarantee of public policies with a view to the subject under discussion. Therefore, the research aims to portray a major problem for society in general, since it deals with the discussion about the lack of effective norms in the fight against cyberbullying and, consequently, the violation of human dignity. Therefore, the work aims to expose the need for awareness before civil society and other social sectors regarding the reality of violence caused by bullying and cyberbullying, since they were enhanced in the last decade with the advent of the internet. That said, the article starts from an investigative research apprehended in the film in question, as well as using a qualitative and exploratory technique. In short, the research is based on the aforementioned film and the current pandemic scenario, therefore considering the history, culture and legislation of Brazil.
Keywords: Virtual Environments. Bullying; Emergency Remote Teaching. Dignity of Human Person. Information Society.

Jews in Africa have a long history. Africans have encountered Jewish myths and traditions in different forms and situations, leading to the development of a new Jewish identity linked to that of the Diaspora. Different groups of black Jews from western, central, eastern and southern Africa used and imagined their oral traditions and traditional practices to construct a distinct Jewish identity. In the early 20th century, two separate diasporas merged into an entirely new arena. Africans and African Americans adopted Judaism as a form of personal emancipation from colonial oppression and the effects of neo-colonialism. The adoption of Judaism by black Africans was a form of liberation from Anglo-Christian authority. Blacks and Jews are the two marginalised and stigmatised minorities in Western culture. Since ancient times they have maintained a complex relationship of identification, cooperation and rivalry. The Igbo of Nigeria, for example, were at the forefront of a normative Jewish movement that included several other ethnic groups. The rhetoric of the Holocaust, Zionism and the external features of Judaism were exploited by the Biafran neo-secessionists for their own ends. Furthermore, from the first mention of Africans in the Hebrew Bible to the contemporary demands of the Black Lives Matter movement, there has been support for the 'Palestinian resistance' but almost nothing that could have provoked a confrontation between blacks and Jews. The majority of African Jews live in South Africa. However, most of them are white. The South African Jewish community numbered more than 120,000 in the mid-1970s. After several large waves of emigration at the end of the apartheid regime, the number fell to just over 50,000. However, the Jewish claim to South African citizenship is controversial. The South African host society distinguishes between the Jewish diaspora and South African citizenship. Since the early 1990s, the second-largest Jewish community in sub-Saharan Africa has developed in Nigeria, which previously did not appear on any map of the Jewish world. Nine out of ten Nigerian Jews are Igbo. Estimates range from 3,000 to 30,000 Jews. Israel, however, refuses to recognise them as a Jewish population. In the DR Congo, a small Jewish community has held a special position since colonial times. Many Jews were among Leopold II's close advisers and agents in his Congo Free State (1885-1908). Jews also played an important role in Katanga Province in the 20th century, when the first mines were opened there and a railway line to South Africa was built. However, Mobutu's Zairisation (1973) and the looting of 1991 forced most Jewish entrepreneurs to leave the country. Ethiopia could be considered the cradle of Judaism, including the ancient kingdom of Sheba, mentioned in the Hebrew Bible and the Koran, and Beta Israel. Today, however, the harsh reality faced by Ethiopian Jewish immigrants in Israel reveals the racism that is deeply rooted in Israeli society.

Статья посвящена изучению наследия педагогов прошлого (К. Д. Ушинского, Я. А. Коменского, И. Я. Яковлева) через труды академика РАО Г. Н. Волкова. Через значимость личности и трудов выдающихся ученых в истории педагогики показана актуальность обращения к их педагогическим идеям, которые в свете современных реалий являются востребованными. Обоснована необходимость сохранения этнических особенностей народного воспитания, отраженных во внедрении классиками педагогики в содержание современной им образовательной практики обширного пласта народной культуры и родного языка учащихся, что является значимым и для современной образовательной практики, направленной на сохранение и передачу подрастающему поколению традиционных ценностей. Материалом исследования явились научные труды отечественных ученых, посвященные проблеме использования наследия педагогов прошлого в современном образовательном процессе; работы Г. Н. Волкова, содержащие анализ, обобщения, заключения и взгляды на педагогические достижения классиков мировой педагогической науки. Основной метод исследования - теоретико-методологический анализ. Результатом исследования является обоснование введенных К. Д. Ушинским, Я. А. Коменским, И. Я. Яковлевым принципов народности, природосообразности обучения и воспитания, идеи приобщения к родной культуре для освоения во взаимодействии с ней культур других народов как основополагающих для современной системы образования, значимых и необходимых для формирования гражданственности, патриотизма у подрастающего поколения, сохранения и передачи исторической памяти, традиционных ценностей.
The article is devoted to the study of the pedagogical heritage of teachers of the past (K.D. Ushinsky, Ya.A. Komensky, I.Ya. Yakovlev) through the works of Academician of the Russian Academy of Education G.N. Volkov. Through the significance of the personality and works of outstanding scientists of the history of pedagogy, there has been shown relevance of their pedagogical ideas, which are rather topical in the light of modern realities. The paper substantiates the necessity of preserving ethnic characteristics of folk education, which are reflected in the implementation of classical pedagogues into the content of contemporary educational practice of their vast stratum of traditional culture and native language of students, which is also important for the modern educational practice aimed at the preservation and transmission of traditional values to the younger generation. The research material is the scientific works of Russian scientists devoted to the problem of using the heritage of teachers of the past in the modern educational process; the works of G.N. Volkov containing analysis, generalizations, conclusions and a look at the pedagogical achievements of the classics of the world pedagogical science. The main research method is theoretical and methodological analysis. The result of the study is the justification of the introduced by K.D. Ushinsky, Ya.A. Komensky, I.Ya. Yakovlev, the principles of nationality, the naturalness of education and upbringing, the idea of familiarizing with native culture for the development of cultures of other peoples in interaction with it as fundamental for the modern education system, significant and necessary for the formation of citizenship, patriotism among the younger generation, preservation and transmission of historical memory, traditional values.