Suchergebnisse

Until 2012 many gatherings have been organised discussing the future of Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) in the European research landscape; Many wise words were spoken and good ideas had been launched before, but to connect them with specific work programmes and discuss them in an open and broad manner, was another matter. Our Lithuanian colleagues recognised that the timing of their country's EU Presidency would be the perfect moment to discuss the role and relevance of SSH in the upcoming Framework Programme, Horizon 2020, with their wider impact. The new programme foresees the full integration of SSH into the "Grand Societal Challenges" that Europe faces and is determined to tackle through research, development and innovation. The realisation of these ambitious goals has yet to take shape. The conference in September 2013 was one of the many potential places to make this happen. Before the start of the conference we conducted a "consultation process" within the European SSH communities to hear the voices of as many contributors as possible. More than 300 very detailed responses have brought up interesting issues, which helped us to structure the conference and collect recommendations for drafting a declaration. We collaborated closely with the European Commission in preparing this conference: as a result, Commission staff participated in all sessions where the integration into the seven societal challenges was discussed. We asked prominent scholars from all branches of SSH to provide input. The first day of the conference concentrated on reflecting and assessing where we stand, whereas the second day was dedicated to a detailed discussion of the next necessary steps towards achieving integration. This report collects all conference contributions and the resulting recommendations.

Scientific behavior is as common to the humanities as it is to the social sciences—in fact, many of the humanities are social sciences, a condition that should shame neither party. Though there is a clear intellectual line beween the arts and the sciences, no such line can be drawn between the humanistic social sciences and the "social" social sciences. There is a difference in perceived social status, which could be reduced by a better understanding of the common ground on which the humanist and the social scientist stand, Professor Homans, of Harvard, states as his qualifications "that I took my bachelor's degree in English literature, I am a professor of sociology, and I write history." This article was prepared for the American Council of Learned Societies and is published with its kind permission.

International audience ; In the context of a new research project concerning the link between migration and urbanization, this article seeks to explain how migrants, through their investments, contribute to the urban fabric of their country of origin and become key players in the development of cities. The return of the Burkinabè from the Ivory Coast, considered by the Burkina government of B. Compaoré as a risk of economic and social destabilization, has generated a new vision of the migration phenomenon. The Burkinabè coming from foreign countries used to be disregarded, but are now considered as potential developers. Since 2002, the public and private sectors have been setting up schemes not only to facilitate but also to orient their investment projects in the country. The process involves channelling migrants'money towards two big urban projects in Ouagadougou, ZACA and Ouaga 2000, which must display the thriving advance and modernity of a dynamic capital. The migrants, formerly initiators of development projects, now fit into urban projects already devised by the State according to a western model. At the centre of policies set up to make use of them, they seem to be losing their autonomy, but their ability to re-appropriate the urban projects remains. ; Inscrit dans un nouvel ensemble de recherches portant sur l'articulation entre migration et urbanisation, le présent article a pour objectif de comprendre comment les migrants, à travers leurs investissements, participent à la fabrique urbaine de leur pays d'origine et deviennent des acteurs du développement des villes. Le retour des Burkinabè de Côte d'Ivoire dans leur pays d'origine, perçu par le gouvernement de B. Compaoré comme un risque de déstabilisation économique et sociale, a généré un nouveau regard sur la question migratoire. Après avoir été négligés, les Burkinabè de l'étranger sont aujourd'hui considérés comme des développeurs potentiels. Depuis 2002, acteurs public et privé mettent en place des dispositifs facilitant mais aussi orientant ...

International audience ; In the context of a new research project concerning the link between migration and urbanization, this article seeks to explain how migrants, through their investments, contribute to the urban fabric of their country of origin and become key players in the development of cities. The return of the Burkinabè from the Ivory Coast, considered by the Burkina government of B. Compaoré as a risk of economic and social destabilization, has generated a new vision of the migration phenomenon. The Burkinabè coming from foreign countries used to be disregarded, but are now considered as potential developers. Since 2002, the public and private sectors have been setting up schemes not only to facilitate but also to orient their investment projects in the country. The process involves channelling migrants'money towards two big urban projects in Ouagadougou, ZACA and Ouaga 2000, which must display the thriving advance and modernity of a dynamic capital. The migrants, formerly initiators of development projects, now fit into urban projects already devised by the State according to a western model. At the centre of policies set up to make use of them, they seem to be losing their autonomy, but their ability to re-appropriate the urban projects remains. ; Inscrit dans un nouvel ensemble de recherches portant sur l'articulation entre migration et urbanisation, le présent article a pour objectif de comprendre comment les migrants, à travers leurs investissements, participent à la fabrique urbaine de leur pays d'origine et deviennent des acteurs du développement des villes. Le retour des Burkinabè de Côte d'Ivoire dans leur pays d'origine, perçu par le gouvernement de B. Compaoré comme un risque de déstabilisation économique et sociale, a généré un nouveau regard sur la question migratoire. Après avoir été négligés, les Burkinabè de l'étranger sont aujourd'hui considérés comme des développeurs potentiels. Depuis 2002, acteurs public et privé mettent en place des dispositifs facilitant mais aussi orientant leurs projets d'investissement au pays. Il s'agit en effet de canaliser l'argent des migrants vers les deux grands projets urbains de Ouagadougou, ZACA et Ouaga 2000, devant permettre d'afficher dynamisme et modernité d'une capitale en mouvement. Les migrants, autrefois porteurs de projets de développement, s'insèrent aujourd'hui dans des projets urbains déjà pensés par l'État selon un modèle occidental. Au cœur de politiques de récupération, ils semblent perdre leur autonomie mais reste leur capacité à se réapproprier les projets urbains.

International audience ; Over the last decade, the concept of the circular economy (CE) has gained momentum among practitioners, politicians, and scholars because of its promise of achieving sustainability goals. However, there is still a need to demonstrate and assess the positive environmental impacts of the CE. With respect to the building sector, the CE is still a relatively new topic. To date, research has tended to focus primarily on the macro-scale (cities or eco-parks) and the micro-scale (manufactured products or construction materials). Nevertheless, the often-neglected built environment is also expected to play a crucial role in the transition towards a CE due to its high contribution to various environmental burdens. This paper contributes to this growing area of research by reviewing four cases of 'circular neighbourhood' projects in Europe. First, a conceptual framework analysis is defined and applied to the cases. Second, CE initiatives and actions are identified and classified using interviews and document analysis. Third, the use of assessment tools within these CE projects is investigated. The results demonstrate a diverse representation of the CE paradigm and the growing role played by the assessment tools.

International audience ; Dans un contexte contemporain de critique généralisée des idéologies extractivistes, productivistes et naturalistes occidentales, l'article interroge un corpus d'oeuvres bâties de l'architecte lorrain Christophe Aubertin dans une optique de réhabilitation de l'idée de ressources pour l'architecture. Au travers d'un questionnement sur les caractéristiques « régionalistes » ou « biorégionaliste » de cette pratique architecturale, l'argumentation cherche à mettre en lumière les aspects à la fois éthiques, esthétiques mais aussi politiques de cette utilisation disciplinaire des ressources locales tant bio-que géo-sourcées.

International audience ; Over the last decade, the concept of the circular economy (CE) has gained momentum among practitioners, politicians, and scholars because of its promise of achieving sustainability goals. However, there is still a need to demonstrate and assess the positive environmental impacts of the CE. With respect to the building sector, the CE is still a relatively new topic. To date, research has tended to focus primarily on the macro-scale (cities or eco-parks) and the micro-scale (manufactured products or construction materials). Nevertheless, the often-neglected built environment is also expected to play a crucial role in the transition towards a CE due to its high contribution to various environmental burdens. This paper contributes to this growing area of research by reviewing four cases of 'circular neighbourhood' projects in Europe. First, a conceptual framework analysis is defined and applied to the cases. Second, CE initiatives and actions are identified and classified using interviews and document analysis. Third, the use of assessment tools within these CE projects is investigated. The results demonstrate a diverse representation of the CE paradigm and the growing role played by the assessment tools.

International audience ; The Francophile tradition in Latin American urban planning evolved in the six-ties and seventies. In France, the State created not only new public but also parapublic organisms in charge of developing urban analysis and planning. One of the most important, which oversaw the Paris region, also developed many missions in Latin America. The study of the first missions in Argentina, Brazil, and Bolivia shows that they were at the conjunction of two movements: the policy of soft power and economic expansion of the French govern-ment and the new "developmentalist" economic planning policies of the Latin American governments. ; En los años sesenta y setenta, la tradición francófila del urbanismo latinoameri-cano fue mutando. En Francia, el Estado creó nuevos organismos públicos o parapúblicos encargados de realizar los diagnósticos urbanos y la planificación. Uno de los más impor-tantes, encargado de la planificación y el desarrollo urbano de la región de París, desarrolló varias misiones de ayuda técnica para América Latina. El análisis de las primeras misiones en Argentina, Brasil y Bolivia muestra que sus intervenciones se situaban en el punto de encuentro entre dos movimientos: la nueva política de soft power y de expansión económica del gobierno francés y las nuevas políticas desarrollistas de planificación económica de los distintos gobiernos latinoamericanos.

National audience ; Que nous apprennent les fictions télévisées des fenêtres du pouvoir : les bâtiments emblématiques qui peuplent l'espace urbain ? Aujourd'hui, par exemple, c'est le mur frontalier entre le Mexique et les États-Unis par le président Donald Trump qui inquiète les populations, ou, son événement du 4 juillet 2019, considéré comme un détournement symbolique des monuments et de la fête nationale. Dans une scène de la série The Handmaid's Tale (Hulu, 2017-2020), les servantes sont alignées pour une prière collective sur le site du Lincoln Memorial dans un Washington dystopique et patriarcal dépendant de la République de Gilead (S3 Ep.6, 2019) et le Washington Monument devient une croix religieuse monumentale. De quelle manière les séries illustrent, ou dénoncent-elles les réelles craintes d'un renversement politique, où l'architecture est le médium d'expression privilégié des gouvernements ?

International audience ; Renewing "urban factory": La Belle de Mai's area in Marseilles, a neighborhood where everything could happenAbstractAt Belle de Mai in Marseilles, poor neighbourhood long apart from public policies, the present actors adjust logical actions and ways of doing in order to requalify or reconcile the city. In this context, a group of collectives and associations took place in the urban factory. When the programming of the Quartiers Libres urban project offers the opportunity to make the city differently, evolution in the system of actors and their practices will be analyzed from the way public spaces are understood. Based on intuition, tinkering and unforeseen to experiment, the mutations described refer in part to opportunistic urbanism. At the articulation of several perspectives and relations with the field, they question the profile of the urban planning professions. ; Renouveler les modes de faire la ville : la Belle de Mai à Marseille, un quartier de tous les possibles ? | 1RésuméÀ la Belle de Mai à Marseille, quartier pauvre longtemps à l'écart des politiques publiques, les acteurs en présence ajustent logiques d'action et modes de faire en vue de requalifier voire réconcilier la ville. Un ensemble de collectifs et associations a, dans ce cadre, pris place dans la fabrique urbaine. Au moment où la programmation du projet urbain Quartiers Libres offre l'opportunité de faire la ville autrement, les évolutions du système d'acteurs et de leurs pratiques seront analysées à partir de la façon dont les espaces publics sont appréhendés. S'appuyant sur l'intuition, le bricolage et l'imprévu pour expérimenter, les mutations décrites renvoient pour partie à un urbanisme opportuniste. À l'articulation d'une pluralité de perspectives et rapports au terrain, elles interrogent les contours des métiers de l'urbanisme.

International audience ; The Francophile tradition in Latin American urban planning evolved in the six-ties and seventies. In France, the State created not only new public but also parapublic organisms in charge of developing urban analysis and planning. One of the most important, which oversaw the Paris region, also developed many missions in Latin America. The study of the first missions in Argentina, Brazil, and Bolivia shows that they were at the conjunction of two movements: the policy of soft power and economic expansion of the French govern-ment and the new "developmentalist" economic planning policies of the Latin American governments. ; En los años sesenta y setenta, la tradición francófila del urbanismo latinoameri-cano fue mutando. En Francia, el Estado creó nuevos organismos públicos o parapúblicos encargados de realizar los diagnósticos urbanos y la planificación. Uno de los más impor-tantes, encargado de la planificación y el desarrollo urbano de la región de París, desarrolló varias misiones de ayuda técnica para América Latina. El análisis de las primeras misiones en Argentina, Brasil y Bolivia muestra que sus intervenciones se situaban en el punto de encuentro entre dos movimientos: la nueva política de soft power y de expansión económica del gobierno francés y las nuevas políticas desarrollistas de planificación económica de los distintos gobiernos latinoamericanos.

International audience ; Renewing "urban factory": La Belle de Mai's area in Marseilles, a neighborhood where everything could happenAbstractAt Belle de Mai in Marseilles, poor neighbourhood long apart from public policies, the present actors adjust logical actions and ways of doing in order to requalify or reconcile the city. In this context, a group of collectives and associations took place in the urban factory. When the programming of the Quartiers Libres urban project offers the opportunity to make the city differently, evolution in the system of actors and their practices will be analyzed from the way public spaces are understood. Based on intuition, tinkering and unforeseen to experiment, the mutations described refer in part to opportunistic urbanism. At the articulation of several perspectives and relations with the field, they question the profile of the urban planning professions. ; Renouveler les modes de faire la ville : la Belle de Mai à Marseille, un quartier de tous les possibles ? | 1RésuméÀ la Belle de Mai à Marseille, quartier pauvre longtemps à l'écart des politiques publiques, les acteurs en présence ajustent logiques d'action et modes de faire en vue de requalifier voire réconcilier la ville. Un ensemble de collectifs et associations a, dans ce cadre, pris place dans la fabrique urbaine. Au moment où la programmation du projet urbain Quartiers Libres offre l'opportunité de faire la ville autrement, les évolutions du système d'acteurs et de leurs pratiques seront analysées à partir de la façon dont les espaces publics sont appréhendés. S'appuyant sur l'intuition, le bricolage et l'imprévu pour expérimenter, les mutations décrites renvoient pour partie à un urbanisme opportuniste. À l'articulation d'une pluralité de perspectives et rapports au terrain, elles interrogent les contours des métiers de l'urbanisme.

International audience ; 03. Édito // 04. Histoires d'écoles // 16. Perspectives pour une histoire de l'enseignement de l'architecture comme politique publique // 23. L'enseignement de l'architecture vu par la tutelle : entretiens avec les acteurs // 29. Les fonds de recherches dans les écoles d'architecture : une politique documentaire en construction // 35. Enseignement de l'architecture et politique artistique de l'État : les dispositifs interdisciplinaires à l'École des Beaux-Arts // 40. L'Institut d'histoire, de géographie et d'économie urbaines (1916-1941) : une matrice pour l'enseignement de l'urbanisme en France ? // 46. Les projets de formation diplômante des collaborateurs d'architecte des années 1960 // 52. La tutelle et l'expérimentation du Groupe C rive-droite (1967-1968) : quelles stratégies ? // 58. Veille scientifique

In order to massify energy improvement of residential existing buildings, it's important to take into account the complex criteria defining the housing stock and to consider various scales of intervention. To reduce the energy consumption of this sector, it's necessary to focus the action where energy saving is most important. Our ambition consists in developing methods allowing to exploit different residential sector databases in order to generate accuracy energy diagnosis at building scale first, to aggregate them at a higher scale level then. This approach is based on data series implementation in a GIS tool combined with a physical approach.Indeed, since GIS is not only intended for producing a map, it's possible to exploit its ability to manage spatial data and to produce geometric parameters necessary for energy calculations. These parameters can be enriched or crossed with other data (such as the age of the building, envelope components, climate) to estimate energy consumption and to forecast demand.Building geometry description is necessary to estimate energy heat balance. The geometrical envelope characteristics can be extracted from the information of building entities present in the BD TOPO spatial database. Some procedures were developed and validated to evaluate the areas of different envelope components: area of external walls, roofs, floors, volume and identify adjoining building surfaces. All these parameters allowed us to calculate the precise orientation of each elevation and to evaluate real solar gains.The second database used corresponds to data gathered, treated and structured by CEREMA from the complex taxation files of government. Among the different data collection, this database contains information about age, dwelling number and habitable area aggregated at the parcel. This database allowed us to identify archetypes. The TABULA nomenclature was chosen to be used in the framework of ATRE project because it's an exhaustive national classification. The spatial data can be crossed with ...

International audience ; 03. Édito // 04. Histoires d'écoles // 16. Perspectives pour une histoire de l'enseignement de l'architecture comme politique publique // 23. L'enseignement de l'architecture vu par la tutelle : entretiens avec les acteurs // 29. Les fonds de recherches dans les écoles d'architecture : une politique documentaire en construction // 35. Enseignement de l'architecture et politique artistique de l'État : les dispositifs interdisciplinaires à l'École des Beaux-Arts // 40. L'Institut d'histoire, de géographie et d'économie urbaines (1916-1941) : une matrice pour l'enseignement de l'urbanisme en France ? // 46. Les projets de formation diplômante des collaborateurs d'architecte des années 1960 // 52. La tutelle et l'expérimentation du Groupe C rive-droite (1967-1968) : quelles stratégies ? // 58. Veille scientifique