Suchergebnisse

The lives and writings of three women who during the first half of the twentieth century wrote books on women's history are the subject of this article. Ragna Nielsen, a teacher and an amateur historian, in 1904 published her account of women's lives during the first part of the nineteenth century, stressing the sad consequences of patriarchal attitudes, but also the importance of women's contribution to the maintenance of a national identity. Anna Caspari Agerholt and Mimi Sverdrup Lunden, both with masters' degrees in history, belonged to the next generation. Agerholt is mainly remembered for her impressive book of 1927 on the Norwegian women's movement, while Lunden's books of 1942 and 1948 on women's work were important contributions to social history. The writings of these three women's historians are related to dominant positions within Norwegian historiography of their times, highlighting how they helped change central concepts by adding gender to class analysis and to the process of constructing a national identity, stressing the importance of voluntary organisations to the formation of politics and widening the concept of work.

Examines Poland's connection to Western culture, drawing on historical illustrations from the nineteenth & early twentieth centuries. Discussed are Polish feelings of belonging to West European culture, the characterization of Poland as a bridge between East & West Europe, Polish concerns over loss of national identity, & aspirations of building an independent, united Polish state. It is argued that the conviction of spiritual unity with the West prompted by the Catholic church was an important element in distinguishing Poland as a West European nation. S. Davies