Suchergebnisse

Sozioökonomische und demographische Fragen: Geschlecht; Alter; Familienstand; Haushaltsgröße; Hauptverdiener; Alter des Hauptverdieners; höchster Bildungsabschluss des Befragten und des Hauptverdieners; derzeitiger Erwerbsstatus des Befragten und des Hauptverdieners; Haushaltsnettoeinkommen; Muttersprache; andere Sprache (n).

Zusätzlich verkodet wurde: Fragebogen-ID; Ortsgröße; Region; Land; Gewichtungsfaktor.

Sozio-ökonomische und demographische Fragen: Geschlecht; Alter; Familienstand; Haushaltsgröße; Hauptverdiener; Alter des Hauptverdieners; höchster Bildungsabschluss des Befragten und des Hauptverdieners; derzeitiger Erwerbsstatus des Befragten und des Hauptverdieners; Haushaltseinkommen (offen, kategorisiert); Muttersprache; weitere Sprachkenntnisse.

Zusätzlich verkodet wurde: Fragebogen-ID; Urbanisierungsgrad des Wohnortes; Region; Land; Gewichtungsfaktor.

Sozioökonomische und demographische Fragen: Geschlecht; Alter; Familienstand; Haushaltsgröße; Hauptverdiener; Alter des Hauptverdieners; höchster Bildungsabschluss des Befragten und des Hauptverdieners; derzeitiger Erwerbsstatus des Befragten und des Hauptverdieners; Haushaltsnettoeinkommen (offen kategorisiert); Muttersprache; andere Sprache (n).

Zusätzlich verkodet wurde: Fragebogen-ID; Urbanisierungsgrad des Wohnortes; städtisches/ländliches Wohnumfeld; Region; Land; Gewichtungsfaktor.

Political attitudes and behaviour. Government and political systems. Conflicts, security and peace. Health condition. Socio-economic and demographic issues.

Topics: happiness; comparison of personal life in general with the time a year ago and expectations for the future; assessment of household standard of living compared with other households in the community and expected standard of living in a year; free choice and control over one´s own life; health condition: self-assessment of health condition; health impairments in the last 12 months; average duration of sleep; average duration of falling asleep; general confidence in people; attitudes towards nature and the environment; preferred distribution of public funds among health care, education, telecommunications, more trees, provision of water, roads or electricity and public services; assessment of the country´s overall situation in comparison with the pre-revolutionary period before February, 17th and expectations for the future in one year and ten years; retrospective assessment of the revolution in Libya; political interest; change of political interest in the last twelve months; political participation including the acceptance of violent political actions; importance of tribes for Libya´s political future; political movements (e. g. Muslim brotherhood) that should and should not play a role in the country´s political future; awareness of different persons, organisations and institutions; institutional confidence; preferred future structure of the country; opinion on the distribution of income from oil production within Libya; prerequisites for more hard work of the Libyan population; country that could serve as a model for Libya; countries and organisations that have the most influence or should not have any influence at all on the future of Libya (ranking order); opinion on the separation of politics and religion in a new Libyan government; ranking of the countries with the greatest contribution to the deprivation of power of the old regime, and country that was least helpful; opinion on the role of Germany during the revolution in Libya; change of personal opinion on Germany compared to the time before the Libyan Revolution; current needs for Libya and within the next twelve months and five years (strong Libyan leader, a group of strong Libyan leaders, National Transitional Council, government of religious leaders or Libyan military leaders, Western-style or Libyan-style democracy, Libyan government of experts or managers); political tasks that should have priority and should not have priority (e. g. combating crime, obtaining jobs, rebuilding of infrastructure, etc.); opinion on how to deal with supporters and actual members of the former regime; participation of citizens in the country´s development versus leaders´ choice; leeway for ordinary citizens to influence political decisions at local and national level; most appropriate sources of policy information; sympathy scale for selected countries (Germany, UK, USA, Russia, France and Iran).

Demography: sex; age; marital status; household size; education of the respondent; current employment status; current or last profession; employment sector; mother tongue; language spoken at home; other language (s); net household income; household equipment (e. g. air conditioning, bicycle, car, iron, agricultural machinery and farm animals, refrigerator, motorcycle, telephone etc.); nationality; ethnic background; religion.

Additionally coded was: questionnaire ID; interviewer´s estimated age of respondent; administrative district; urban/rural residential area; interview date (day, month, year); interview day; interview accompanied by a supervisor; number of recalls; interview retrospectively reviewed and method; interview start and end; interview length; type of residence; respondent´s behaviour during the interview; age groups; income groups; weighting factors.

Sozioökonomische und demographische Fragen: Geschlecht; Alter; Familienstand; Haushaltsgröße; Hauptverdiener; Alter des Hauptverdieners; höchster Bildungsabschluss des Befragten und des Hauptverdieners; derzeitiger Erwerbsstatus des Befragten und des Hauptverdieners; Haushaltsnettoeinkommen; Muttersprache; andere Sprache (n).

Zusätzlich verkodet wurde: Fragebogen-ID; Ortsgröße; Region; Land; Gewichtungsfaktor.

Sozioökonomische und demographische Fragen: Geschlecht; Alter; Familienstand; Haushaltsgröße; Hauptverdiener; Alter des Hauptverdieners; höchster Bildungsabschluss des Befragten und des Hauptverdieners; derzeitiger Erwerbsstatus des Befragten und des Hauptverdieners; Haushaltsnettoeinkommen (offen kategorisiert); Muttersprache; andere Sprache (n).

Zusätzlich verkodet wurde: Fragebogen-ID; Urbanisierungsgrad des Wohnortes; Region; Land; Gewichtungsfaktor.

The Optimus study in South Africa was designed specifically to estimate the annual incidence and lifetime prevalence of child sexual abuse and maltreatment in South Africa. Prior to this study, no nationally representative data on the extent or impact of child sexual abuse existed. In order to obtain a comprehensive picture of the nature, extent and impact of child sexual abuse in the country, the study drew on two data sources. The first was a population study conducted with a sample of 15 to 17 year old adolescents recruited nationally from schools (n=4086) as well as households (n=5631), while the second was an agency component that consisted of a series of in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with front-line staff and child protection agency directors servicing the communities or geographical spaces identified through the population survey sampling process. Through a thorough exploration of these areas, the study identifies where resources can best be targeted, provides a local evidence base for the development of effective interventions, and identifies whether intervening in one form of abuse or neglect might also have the potential to address other forms of violence.

In an era of increasing political challenges to global and regional organizations, it is crucial to understand how they claim legitimacy and how successful they are in this respect. Yet, we know surprisingly little about the sources and consequences of legitimation in most regional organizations worldwide. In this project, we thus map the legitimation strategies of a sample of 28 organizations between 1980 and 2019.

Regional organizations in the sample:
Africa
- Organization of African Unity/African Union (OAU/AU)
- Central African Economic and Monetary Union (CEMAC)
- Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA)
- East African Community (EAC)
- Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)
- Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD)
- Southern African Customs Union (SACU)
- Southern African Development Community (SADC)
Asia-Pacific
- Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
- Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)
- Pacific Island Forum (PIF)
- South Asia Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)
- Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)
Americas
- Andean Pact/Andean Community (CAN)
- Caribbean Community (CARICOM)
- Common Market of the South (Mercosur)
- Organization of American States (OAS)
- Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS)
- Central American Integration System (SICA)
Europe
- Council of Europe (COE)
- European Free Trade Association (EFTA)
- European Union (EU)
- Nordic Council (NordC)
Cross-Regional
- Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
- Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
- League of Arab States (LoAS)
- Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC)
- Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)

Das Projekt untersucht (a) wie die inszenierten globalen politischen Medienereignisse (d.h. die globalen Klimagipfel) produziert werden und (b) welche diskursiven Effekte diese Ereignisse auf nationale Klimadebatten in den Medien von fünf führenden demokratischen Ländern weltweit haben, nämlich die USA, Deutschland, Indien, Südafrika und Brasilien.

I. Formale und allgemeine inhaltbezogene Kategorien
1. Formale Variablen: Artikel-ID; Coder-ID; Titel (Hauptüberschrift des Artikels); Veröffentlichungsdatum; Medium (Zeitung, Zeitschrift oder News-Website, in der der Artikel veröffentlicht wurde); Länge des Artikels; Format des Artikels (faktenbasierter Artikel, Meinungsbasierter Artikel, Interview, Presseschau, eigenständiges visuelles Bild als eigenständiger Artikel, Brief an den Redakteur u.a.); Platzierung des Artikels (Vorderseite Artikel oder Cover Geschichte, Artikel in der Zeitung und Zeitschrift auf der Titelseite, Artikel in der Zeitung und Zeitschrift ohne Referenz auf der Titelseite); Abschnitt der Zeitung, Zeitschrift und Nachrichten-Website; Autor des Artikels.

2. Inhaltsvariablen: Artikelauslöser (institutionelle Ereignisse, unvorhergesehene (ungeplante) Ereignisse, kommunikative Ereignisse, sonstiges Ereignis); Bezugnahme auf UN-Klimakonferenzen (COPs); Bezugnahme auf Länder; internationale / transnationale institutionelle Bezugnahme.

II. Visuelle Ebene
1. Formale Variablen: Visuelles Bild vorhanden; Foto vorhanden; Anzahl der visuellen Bilder; Anzahl der Fotos; visuelle Bild-ID, Art des visuellen Bildes (Foto, Fotomontage, Diagramm, Karte oder Tisch, Karikatur / Karikatur, offizielles Logo der UN-Klimakonferenz (COP) , thematische Vignette durch Zeitung oder Zeitschrift); Quelle des visuellen Bildes.
2. Visuelle Gestaltung (wenn das visuelle Bild ein Foto oder eine Fotomontage ist): denotative Ebene: institutionelle Bezugnahme auf dem Foto dargestellt; Inhalt des Fotos: Stadtlandschaft, Naturlandschaft (Wälder, Berge und / oder See, Pflanzen und / oder Wiese), Ozean und / oder Ozeanküste, Schnee, Eis, Gletscher, Wüste oder Steppe, Eisbär, andere Tiere , Transport oder konventioneller Verkehr, Landwirtschaft, konventionelle Energieerzeugung, grüne Technologie, andere Industrie / Technologie, PR Stunt-Installation; Person (en), die auf dem Foto abgebildet sind: politischer Akteur, NGO-Vertreter, Wirtschaftsvertreter, Wissenschaftler, Prominente, Polizei / Sicherheitspersonal, gewöhnliche Bürger, andere Art von Person; Herkunft der dargestellten Person; Aktivität der dargestellten Person (z. B. symbolische Aktivität, Demonstration und andere Form des Protestes usw.); Ort der dargestellten Szene.

Stilistische Ebene: Kamerawinkel, Distanz / Feldgröße des Fotos.

III. Erzählung:
1. Erzählende Merkmale: narrativ (Dramatisierung, Emotionen, narrative Personalisierung, Fiktionalisierung, stilistische Verzierung); Erzählgenre: Gesamtthema (Alltagsgeschäft, Misserfolg nach dem Kampf, Triumph über Widrigkeiten, Kampf um Schicksal oder Planet oder Zivilisation, politischer oder sozialer Konflikt); Ton (fatalistisch, optimistisch, unentschlossen, neutral, leidenschaftlich, pessimistisch); erwartetes Ergebnis; kein vorstellbares Ergebnis.
2. Charakter Spezifikation: Charakter als Opfer: Erzählung Rolle: Opfer vorhanden; Opfer-Typ; Name des Opfers; Opfermaßnahme; Charakter als Bösewicht: Erzählende Rolle: Verbrecher vorhanden; Verbrecherart; Name des Verbrechers; Charakter als Held: Erzählung Rolle: Held vorhanden; Heldentyp; Name des Helds; Heldenaktion; Summe aller Akteure in dem Artikel; Summe der NGO-Vertreter, Politiker, Repräsentanten, internationalen Organisationen, Wirtschaftsvertreter, Wissenschaftler, Journalisten, Bürger und anderen Akteure.

IV Akteur-Aussage-Ebene
Akteur: Akteur-Aussage-ID; Name des Akteurs; Art des Akteurs; Amt des Akteurs; Herkunft des Akteurs; Art des Angebots; Prominenz der Aussage des Akteurs; Art von ´Wir´ Bezug;
Rahmen: Verleugnung der Realität der globalen Erwärmung; Verweigerung des problematischen Charakters / Dringlichkeit des Handelns; zentraler Aspekt der Problemdefinition: Erhöhung der Temperatur, Extremwetter, schmelzendes Eis oder Gletscher / steigender Meeresspiegel, wirtschaftliche Chancen durch globale Erwärmung, wirtschaftliche Schwierigkeiten und Härten durch globale Erwärmung, andere gesellschaftliche Konsequenzen; kausale Zuordnung (Situationen oder Prozesse, die der Akteur als Ursache der globalen Erwärmung bezeichnet): natürliche Ursachen; Anthropogene Ursachen (Verbrennung fossiler Brennstoffe / Treibhausgasemissionen, Abholzung, kollidierende nationale Interessen, andere Ursachen, Länder, die für die Bewältigung der globalen Erwärmung verantwortlich sind); Zustimmung oder Ablehnung zu: es sollten keine Maßnahmen ergriffen werden, saubere Energie, Wiederaufforstung, Abholzung vermeiden), Anpassungsmaßnahmen: Anpassung an die landwirtschaftliche Produktion, Anpassung des politischen Prozesses: Übernahme eines neuen rechtsverbindlichen, allumfassenden Vertrages über Emissionskürzungen, stärkere Fokussierung auf lokale Anstrengungen / Akteure vor Ort, andere Maßnahmen: finanzielle Unterstützung für benachteiligte Länder, Verantwortungsbewusstsein für die Lösung des Problems.

Zusätzlich verkodet wurde: Land; Klimakonferenzen COP (COP 16 Cancun, COP 17 Durban, COP 18 Doha, COP 19 Warschau); 4 Cluster Solution Frames (politischer Streit, gesunder Menschenverstand, Opfer der globalen Erwärmung, nachhaltige Energie).

The published data and documents provide information to replicate the analyses of the paper "Interreligious contact and attitudes in Togo and Sierra Leone: The role of ingroup norms and individual preferences" by Julia Köbrich, Borja Martinović and Tobias Stark that will be published in Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology. Data were collected as part of the project 'Religion for Peace: Identifying Conditions and Mechanisms of Interfaith Peace' conducted at the German Institute for Global and Area Studies funded by the German Research Foundation.
The data include information for two independent samples on descriptive and injunctive norms, individual preferences for similar others, close contact, positive and negative casual contact, interreligious attitudes as well as demographic information. The R-syntax replicates analyses for Study 1 and Study 2 reported in the paper and its online supplement.

Data for Study 1 were collected via self-administered questionnaires by a non-probability sample between 13.09.2022 and 05.10.2022. Enumerators used their social (media) networks to spread participation links. Individuals who gave informed consent and indicated that they were residents of Togo or Sierra Leone were eligible to participate in the study. The published data include information on Muslim and Christian participants and removed potential duplicate respondents as well as those with missing values on all reported variables (N=678, 27 variables). Respondents had the choice to complete the questionnaire in English or Krio in Sierra Leone and in French or Ewe in Togo. All Sierra Leonean respondents completed the questionnaire in English and all Togolese respondents in French.

Data for Study 2 were collected as part of a household survey conducted in 50 neighborhoods in Lomé and Freetown (capitals of Togo and Sierra Leone) via computer assisted personal interviewing (Data collection in Lomé: 24.10.2022 to 08.11.2022; in Freetown: 26.11.2022 to 13.12.2022). Nine religiously mixed, eight predominantly Christian and eight predominantly Muslim neighborhoods per city were randomly drawn. Within neighborhoods, households were selected using a random-walk procedure. Participants were randomly chosen from a list of eligible household members. Adult residents of Lomé and Freetown who were able to communicate with the enumerators and gave informed consent were eligible for participation. The published data include information on Muslim and Christian participants (N=1831, 41 variables). Respondents had the choice to be interviewed in English or Krio in Sierra Leone and in French or Ewe in Togo. In Sierra Leone 6% chose English and 94% Krio and in Togo 46% chose French and 54% Ewe.

The project "Interconnectors and Power Transmission Lines" was realised within the framework of the SWP Research Paper "Geopolitik des Stroms – Netz, Raum und Macht" (SWP-Studie 2021/S 14, 07.09.2021) and had the objective of identifying and visualising all interconnecting power lines in Europe, Africa and Asia regardless of their primary source of energy that are of relevance on the transmission grid level. As of 2020, no comprehensive data or database on transmission lines and interconnectors were available. Hence, this dataset contributes to filling this gap. It comprises merged and harmonised data from three different sources, namely from the OpenStreetMap (OSM, https://www.openstreetmap.org), the Open Infrastructure Map (OIM, https://openinframap.org), and the World Bank (WB, https://energydata.info), complemented by further research, including the updating and adding of information.

In reciprocal conflicts individuals belong to an in-group that has been both perpetrator and victim. Thus, in a field experiment in Liberia, Africa (N = 146) we led participants to focus on their in-group as either perpetrator or victim to investigate its effect on orientation toward inter-group reconciliation and revenge. Compared to a perpetrator focus, a victim focus led to slightly more revenge orientation and moderately less reconciliation orientation. The effect of the focus manipulation on revenge orientation was fully mediated, and reconciliation orientation partly mediated, by viewing the in-group's social-image as at risk. Independent of perpetrator or victim focus, shame (but not guilt) was a distinct explanation of moderately more reconciliation orientation. This is consistent with a growing body of work demonstrating the pro-social potential of shame. Taken together, results suggest how groups in reciprocal conflict might be encouraged toward reconciliation and away from revenge by feeling shame for their wrongdoing and viewing their social-image as less at risk.

Satellite nighttime lights open new opportunities for economic research. The data is objective and suitable to study regions at various territorial levels. Given missing reliable official data, nightlights often proxy for economic activity in particular in developing countries. However, the commonly used product, Stable Lights, has problems to separate background noise from economic activity at lower levels of light intensity. The problem is rooted in the aim of separating transient light from stable lights, even though light from economic activity can also be transient. We propose a new method that aims to identify lights emitted by human beings. We train a machine learning algorithm to learn light patterns in- and outside built up areas using GHSL data. Based on predicted probabilities we include lights in those places with a high likelihood of being man-made. We show that using regional light characteristics in the process increases accuracy of predictions at the cost of introducing a mechanical spatial correlation. We create two alternative products as proxies of economic activity. Global Human Lights minimizes the bias from using regional information, while Local Human Lights maximizes accuracy. The latter shows, that we can improve detection of human generated light especially in Africa.

The dataset is part of a project to investigate justifications of repression in North African autocracies. It was set up to answer the question to what extent and how repressive incidents were communicated and justified in Morocco and Tunisia from 2000 to 2010, before the beginning of the Arab uprising protests.

The event dataset is the first to disaggregate data on repressive incidents in two countries over the course of a decade, providing information about the forms of repression, its targets, the actors involved in repression and its justification, and the communication of state violence. All variables are available in textual form, although the forms of repression and repressive actors are all also listed in binary form to facilitate software-supported analysis. The dataset contains in total 439 repressive incidents: namely, 280 for Tunisia and 159 for Morocco. The data was collected from publicly available reports by Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, the U.S. State Department, and organizations and news outlets that covered repressive events and their respective justifications. We complemented these English-language sources with further information from French and Arabic sources and provide all data in English.
This systematic collection enables us to assess the extent of justification, as opposed to denial or cover-up, and also to dig into the substantial arguments that were brought forward here. It includes not only cases of protest repression, but also more mundane everyday restrictions on dissidents, and other human rights violations. This gives insight into the political communication of autocracies and their strategies to mitigate the risk of backlash that usually comes with the use of state violence.