Suchergebnisse

Foreword by Irina Bokova, Director-General of UNESCO ; Electronic version ; Incl. bibl.

It is paradoxical that while the economic development (& sometimes even survival) of African societies has depended in large part on the efforts of their women, the status of women in Africa is lower than in most other nations. They are cognizant of their situation & at times have rebelled against it, but without significant or long-lasting success. An overview of the geographical, cultural, & political reality of Africa is presented as background to a discussion of the current situation of women in specific nations & of efforts to institute their rights as defined in the 1948 UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It is contended that popularization of education for women is the most powerful weapon in this struggle. J. W. Stanton

Environmental degradation is emerging as a major policy concern in Kenya; the first casualties of it are women whose tasks involve them in continous interaction with natural resources. This book argues that women play an important role as environmental managers, for example in food production and conservation of soil, water, forests and wildlife. Their involvement, however, has not been adequately reflected in legislation, policies and programmes dealing with environment and development. The authors stress that efforts to achieve sustainable development are not likely to succeed unless they take into account this factor. (DÜI-Hff)

(Bibliography) Includes bibliographical references and index. ; (Statement of Responsibility) edited by Christina H. Gladwin.

South Africa has unfortunately inherited a work environment based on an economic system characterised by deprivation, political instability, adversarial labour relations, cheap migrant labour, and massive income and wealth disparities. The world of work is also characterised by an appalling systematic discrimination against Blacks, women, and people with disabilities. Affirmative action has been the only policy instrument used by the Democratic South Africa to redress the past imbalances. In line with the Employment Equity Act No. 55 of 1998, the beneficiaries of this action are mainly African women (Blacks, Coloured, and Indians including disabled people). This has been justified by the fact that they were subjected to innumerable forms of discrimination and bias in the past. The policies of Affirmative Action are a system of political tools used to level the playing field. They focus on policies and strategies needed to redress past racial imbalances in the workplace, education, gender equality, and the like. This paper examines the strategy of Affirmative Action in South Africa harnessed to redress past wrongs and its effectiveness in so doing.

During the last decades, changing intra-state and inter-state immigrant profiles in Spain has generated an interesting landscape for sociolinguistics research. There has been a shift from temporary migration to permanent settlement, which means that there is an increasing number of individuals who need to speak the locally legitimate forms of language for different reasons. Apart from this, recent statistics indicate that female immigrants' profiles are also changing, and they are becoming more and more forerunners and active participants in the formal Spanish labour market (Aja et al. 2011). Therefore, this dynamic, ever changing profile of female immigrants suggests that they move across existing boundaries, acquiring and developing their linguistic knowledge to access other forms of symbolic capitals in Spain. Building on my ethnography of two sites in Madrid and Barcelona between 2011 and 2014, I shall explain how African immigrant women become new speakers and how their language learning process intersects with socially constructed boundaries such as political, economic, and linguistic hierarchies and ascribed gender roles.