Artificial Intelligence: The Personhood Conundrum
In: Artificial Intelligence and Law, ISBN 978-81-949395-1-1, February 2021
In: Artificial Intelligence and Law, ISBN 978-81-949395-1-1, February 2021
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In: Studies in Computational Intelligence Ser. v.912
In: Studies in Computational Intelligence Volume 912
Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Artificial Intelligence in Sustainability Agricultures -- Optimization of Drip Irrigation Systems Using Artificial Intelligence Methods for Sustainable Agriculture and Environment -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Mathematical Model -- 3 Algorithm -- 4 Simulation -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Artificial Intelligent System for Grape Leaf Diseases Classification -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 K-Means Algorithm for Fragmentation -- 2.2 Multiclass Support Vector Machine Classifier -- 3 The Proposed Artificial Intelligent Based Grape Leaf Diseases -- 3.1 Dataset Characteristic -- 3.2 Image Processing Phase -- 3.3 Image Segmentation Phase -- 3.4 Feature Extraction Phase -- 3.5 Classification Phase -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Robust Deep Transfer Models for Fruit and Vegetable Classification: A Step Towards a Sustainable Dietary -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Works -- 3 Dataset Characteristics -- 4 Proposed Methodology -- 4.1 Data Augmentation Techniques -- 5 Experimental Results -- 6 Conclusion and Future Works -- References -- The Role of Artificial Neuron Networks in Intelligent Agriculture (Case Study: Greenhouse) -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Overview of AI -- 3 Agriculture and Greenhouse -- 4 Intelligent Control Systems (SISO and MIMO) -- 4.1 Particular Aspects of Information Technology on Greenhouse Cultivation -- 4.2 Greenhouse Climate Control Techniques -- 5 Modern Optimization Techniques -- 5.1 Genetic Algorithms -- 5.2 Main Attractions of GAs -- 5.3 Strong and Weak Points of FL and Neural Networks -- 6 Fuzzy Identification -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Artificial Intelligence in Smart Health Care -- Artificial Intelligence Based Multinational Corporate Model for EHR Interoperability on an E-Health Platform -- 1 Introduction.
"'Artificial Intelligence in Highway Safety' is a cutting-edge book to the hurtling world of AI in the field of highway safety. The author Subasish Das, a highway safety expert, pursues highway safety within its contexts, while drawing attention to the predictive powers of the AI techniques in solving complex problems for safety improvement. This book provides both theoretical and practical aspects of highway safety. Each chapter contains theory and its contexts in plain language with several real-life examples. This book is suitable for anyone interested in highway safety and AI and provides an illuminating and accessible introduction to this fast-growing research trend. The book's website at http://subasish.github.io/AIiHS offers a variety of supplemental materials, including data sets and R codes. 'Artificial Intelligence in Highway Safety' is a cutting-edge book to the hurtling world of AI in the field of highway safety. This book provides both theoretical and practical aspects of highway safety. Each chapter contains theory and its contexts in plain language with several real-life examples"--
This book analyses the implications of the technical, legal, ethical and privacy challenges as well as challenges for human rights and civil liberties regarding Artificial Intelligence (AI) and National Security. It also offers solutions that can be adopted to mitigate or eradicate these challenges wherever possible. As a general-purpose, dual-use technology, AI can be deployed for both good and evil. The use of AI is increasingly becoming of paramount importance to the governments mission to keep their nations safe. However, the design, development and use of AI for national security poses a wide range of legal, ethical, moral and privacy challenges. This book explores national security uses for Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Western Democracies and its malicious use. This book also investigates the legal, political, ethical, moral, privacy and human rights implications of the national security uses of AI in the aforementioned democracies. It illustrates how AI for national security purposes could threaten most individual fundamental rights, and how the use of AI in digital policing could undermine user human rights and privacy. In relation to its examination of the adversarial uses of AI, this book discusses how certain countries utilize AI to launch disinformation attacks by automating the creation of false or misleading information to subvert public discourse. With regards to the potential of AI for national security purposes, this book investigates how AI could be utilized in content moderation to counter violent extremism on social media platforms. It also discusses the current practices in using AI in managing Big Data Analytics demands. This book provides a reference point for researchers and advanced-level students studying or working in the fields of Cyber Security, Artificial Intelligence, Social Sciences, Network Security as well as Law and Criminology. Professionals working within these related fields and law enforcement employees will also find this book valuable as a reference.
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Working paper
In: Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, Band 13, Heft 3, S. 213-215
Artificial Intelligence in Highway Safety provides cutting-edge advances in highway safety using AI. The author is a highway safety expert. He pursues highway safety within its contexts, while drawing attention to the predictive powers of AI techniques in solving complex problems for safety improvement. This book provides both theoretical and practical aspects of highway safety. Each chapter contains theory and its contexts in plain language with several real-life examples. It is suitable for anyone interested in highway safety and AI and it provides an illuminating and accessible introduction to this fast-growing research trend. Material supplementing the book can be found at https://github.com/subasish/AI_in_HighwaySafety. It offers a variety of supplemental materials, including data sets and R codes
In: https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-v30w-7139
Artificial Intelligence (AI), also referred to as the new electricity, is the emerging focus area in India. AI refers to the ability of machines to perform cognitive tasks like thinking, perceiving, learning, problem solving and decision making. Most of the AI systems rely on historical large datasets for predicting future trends and outcomes at a pace which humans would not be able to match. The development of AI in India is in the initial stages and there is no regulatory body focused solely on AI. However, recently, Government of India has taken various initiatives related to AI such as establishment of Artificial Intelligence Task Force, formulation of NITI Aayog's National Strategy for Artificial Intelligence #AIFORALL, setting up of four Committees for AI under Ministry of Electronics and Information technology etc. Some of India's state governments have also taken few initiatives, such as establishment of Centre of Excellence for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence (CoE-DS&AI) by Karnataka, Safe and Ethical Artificial Intelligence Policy 2020 and Face Recognition Attendance System by Tamil Nadu, AI-Powered System for monitoring driving behaviour by West Bengal, AI System to fight agricultural risks by Maharashtra etc. As with any other technology, AI brings with it a span of opportunities and challenges. In healthcare, AI could be beneficial in mining medical records; designing treatment plans; forecasting health events; assisting repetitive jobs; doing online consultations; assisting in clinical decision making; medication management; drug creation; making healthier choices and decisions; and solving public health problems etc. AI could be very helpful in areas where there is scarcity of human resources, such as rural and remote areas. AI technology has been helpful in dealing with COVID-19 in India. It has helped in preliminary screening of COVID-19 cases, containment of coronavirus, contact tracing, enforcing quarantine and social distancing, tracking of suspects, tracking the pandemic, treatment and remote monitoring of COVID-19 patients, vaccine and drug development etc. The path for adoption of AI driven healthcare in India is filled with a lot of challenges. The unstructured data sets, interoperability issues, lack of open sets of medical data, inadequate analytics solutions which could work with big data, limited funds, inadequate infrastructure, lack of manpower skilled in AI, regulatory weaknesses, inadequate framework and issues related to data protection are some of the key challenges for AI-driven healthcare. It is recommended that government should support companies to invest in AI; encourage public private partnerships in the domain of AI and Health; enact and effectively enforce laws and legislation related to AI and Health; frame policies addressing issues related to confidentiality and privacy in the AI-driven healthcare; and establish a certification system for AI-based healthcare solutions. To adopt AI-based healthcare, it is important to train workforce in AI so that they can carefully handle sensitive health information, protect data against theft and use AI systems effectively. It is also crucial that healthcare decisions based on AI solutions should have a rationale and are explainable.
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Klaus Schwab has observed that, "The Fourth Industrial Revolution, finally, will change not only what we do but also who we are. It will affect our identity and all the issues associated with it: our sense of privacy, our notions of ownership, our consumption patterns, the time we devote to work and leisure, and how we develop our careers, cultivate our skills, meet people, and nurture relationships." Advances in Artificial intelligence have transformed our world. John McCarthy from the Computer Science Department of Stanford University coined the termand defined it as, the science and engineering of making intelligent machines. Artificial intelligence is where a machine possesses the intelligence as that of a human being. Such machines with artificial intelligence, like anyother human being can react to and contemplate the environment it is in and react accordingly. It collects information around it and has the ability to take decisions accordingly. This system of artificial intelligence though sounds helpful on prima facie understanding; it has been a threat to the privacy of an individual. These artificial intelligence mechanisms are controlled by softwares which are developed by human entities. Such owners have a control over the action and reaction of the artificial intelligence mechanism. In today's digitalised world every individual in one or the other way is subject to the use of technology. Enormous amount of personal data is stored as digital data, which the artificial intelligence mechanism is making use of, in view of the betterment of standard of living. On the flip side, all personal data including our finger prints, travel details, frequent interaction with a particular persons, medical reports are collected, stored, processed, profiled with the help of Artificial Intelligence. This invades a person's privacy. In this background, the paper tries to analyze the invasion of privacy by Artificial Intelligence and the ill-effects of the same. In the guise of public good even the government has adopted AI mechanisms which lead to questioning the governmental action. Likewise, there is hardly any legislation that regulates these aspects either on the national or on the international platform. The paper focuses on India and lack of any legislation till date to protect an individual's Privacy. Since the Supreme Court of India has upheld that right to privacy is a fundamental right under Article 21 of the Constitution of India, though not an absolute right, it is high time a comprehensive Privacy legislation is enacted in India.
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In: International Journal of Forensic Research, Artificial Intelligence in Forensic Science, In J Fore Res, 4(1), 172-173
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In: The annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Band 340, S. 10-20
ISSN: 0002-7162
Artificial intelligence is neither a myth nor a threat to man. It relates to a serious attempt to develop machine methods for dealing with some of the perplexing problems that should, in all justice, be delegated to machines but which now seem to require the exercise of human intelligence. 2 fundamentally diff approaches to the problem are being explored, one aimed at a complete understanding of the intellectual process involved & the other aimed at duplicating the assumed specific behavior of the brain. The first approach concerns itself with such matters as search, pattern recognition, learning, planning & induction; the second involves a study of the behavior of random nets. It is fair to conclude that artificial intelligence promises to reduce rather than to augment technological unemployment. AA.
In: Centrum voor Verbintenissen- en Goederenrecht 4