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World Affairs Online
Rola i znaczenie współpracy gospodarczej państw Grupy Wyszehradzkiej w Unii Europejskiej od 2015 roku
In: Studia europejskie: Studies in European affairs, Band 24, Heft 3, S. 183-205
The aim of the article is to describe the genesis, role, significance, conditions and effects of economic cooperation of the Visegrad
Group countries in the European Union, with particular emphasis
on their development after 2015. It presents the distinguishing features and specificity of the Group's cooperation before accession to
NATO and the EU in the context of the situation of Central Europe
and other European post-communist countries, as well as the most
important aspects of the political and economic potential of the V4
countries against the background of the EU and selected member
states. Various aspects of their economic cooperation in the region
are discussed, as well as the structural limitations of the role of the
Visegrad Group countries in the EU and related controversy. The
fi nal part contains conclusions relating to the Group's activities
with regard to the main axes of political and economic divisions in
the EU, with particular emphasis placed on economic dimensions.
Teoria i praktyka międzynarodowej współpracy gospodarczej krajów RWPG ; Theory and practice of the international economic cooperation of the CMEA states
The task of the article is a comparison of theoretical findings of the conception of the international economic cooperation of the CMEA member states with the premises of their economic policies in this scope and with the previous course of integrational processes in the CMEA group. In the first part of the study, three basic theoretical concepts of economic cooperation are presented which can be related to differing views of economists on the part played by planning and international market in the socialist economy. In the second part of the study a system of the international economic cooperation adopted in the premises of the economic policies of the CMEA member states is analyzed. The author's attention is focused mainly on those elements of the international cooperation system which are compromising opposing pursuits of the particular member states of securing themselves most favorable conditions for balancing necessary means with needs stated autonomously in the national plans of economic developement. The third part of the study is devoted to the analysis of features of functioning of the present system of international cooperation of the CMEA states. The actual distribution of competence and roles in the system of relations between various levels of domestic and international institutions and organizations are characterized. The scope of implementation of resolutions and recommendations of the CMEA on the developement of the international specialization and productional cooperation is evaluated. The excessive build up of the consulting and negociating activities almost on all the levels of economic organizations of the member states and of the CMEA organs is also indicated. The identification and analysis of structure of interdependence of economic interests in the sphere of realization of international economic cooperation in the CMEA are performed. Particularly, following groups of interests can be singled out: Party and government governing bodies, central economic administration, productional and trade enterprises, international organs of the CMEA. In the final remarks factors diminishing the ability to control a mechanism of the international cooperation are presented, this can well account for the lack of developement in real integrational ties and related organizational structures in the system of cooperation of the CMEA states. ; Digitalizacja i deponowanie archiwalnych zeszytów RPEiS sfinansowane przez MNiSW w ramach realizacji umowy nr 541/P-DUN/2016
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European Union Policy towards the Pacific Island States
The article concerns the idea as well as the form of international cooperation between states and international organizations, illustrated by the example of the relationship between the European Union and the Pacific region. There is some useful literature on the subject but this needs be to completed. The influences of the world's leaders collide on the Pacific Ocean, which gives this area primacy in geopolitical domination, slowly downgrading the Atlantic Community. The main purpose of the paper is, therefore, to research the possibilities and methods of legal and extrajudicial cooperation betweentwo continents which are very distant from each other. This work underlines the difference between official policy, presented by the regional intergovernmental organizations, and the individual policies of member states, who are not tied down by Brussels politics and may maintain their own foreign relations. ; The article concerns the idea as well as the form of international cooperation between states and international organizations, illustrated by the example of the relationship between the European Union and the Pacific region. There is some useful literature on the subject but this needs be to completed. The influences of the world's leaders collide on the Pacific Ocean, which gives this area primacy in geopolitical domination, slowly downgrading the Atlantic Community. The main purpose of the paper is, therefore, to research the possibilities and methods of legal and extrajudicial cooperation between two continents which are very distant from each other. This work underlines the difference between official policy, presented by the regional intergovernmental organizations, and the individual policies of member states, who are not tied down by Brussels politics and may maintain their own foreign relations.
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World Affairs Online
Cross-border cooperation in selected Carpathian countries
In: Yearbook of the Institute of East-Central Europe: Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej, Band 20, Heft 1, S. 143-159
Cross-border cooperation helps to mitigate the negative effects of the border and overcome the consequences of the location of border areas. The article aims to identify the ways of using the cultural and natural potential in EU Cross-border Cooperation Programmes implemented in the Polish, Slovak, and Ukrainian areas of the Carpathians. The analysis covers the existing data using the method of examining strategic documents of the Programmes: Poland-Slovakia, Poland-Belarus-Ukraine, Hungary-Slovakia-Ukraine, and Hungary- Slovakia-Romania-Ukraine, implemented in three programming periods (2004-2020). A quantitative analysis of the projects concerning the use of cultural and natural heritage, which was implemented under the presented Programmes, was also carried out. The research was used to answer the following questions: (1) what kinds of projects with the use of cultural and natural heritage are carried out, (2) are there differences in the ways of using cultural and natural heritage, (3) are there differences between the Programmes implemented in internal and external border regions of the EU. The study made it possible to establish that in the case of all the Programmes, cultural and natural values are considered a strength of the regions and are associated with significant expectations in terms of their use in the development of these areas. At the same time, it is noticed that they are used insufficiently. Activities related to the use of cultural and natural heritage were supported in all the Programmes; however, it was the method of financing that largely determined the taking of action. Traditional (typical) ways of using natural and cultural resources are still dominant.
Regional cooperation formats and the issue of military security of post-conflict states. Case study of the South-East European Cooperation Process
In: Yearbook of the Institute of East-Central Europe: Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej, Band 21, Heft 2, S. 91-107
The South-East European Cooperation Process (SEECP) was launched in 1996, however, its functioning is an ongoing research phenomenon. This regional cooperation format includes all 13 states of South-East Europe. It was established as a forum of political dialogue and consultation, where regional issues could be addressed at the highest level. One of the objectives of the SEECP was security cooperation. The aim of this article is to analyse the role of the SEECP in maintaining security in the region of the Western Balkans. This article argues that since 1996, the SEECP has been evolving and is becoming an important format of regional cooperation in South East Europe, however, it plays a limited role in maintaining the military security of the post-conflict states of the Western Balkans. From the point of view of the members of the SEECP, military security and peace could be obtained through the integration of the participants of the SEECP, in particular those located in the Western Balkans, with the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. The article also shows that establishing the SEECP did not eliminate tensions and riots based on ethnicity in some states of the Western Balkans and so, the SEECP still has a lot to do in the matters of reconciliation and good-neighbourliness. The article is based on primary and secondary source analysis, case study method comparative analysis, and the historical method.
The sources and origin of the conference on security and cooperation in Europe
In: Studies on international relations, Heft 5, S. 48-58
ISSN: 0324-8283
Aus polnischer Sicht
World Affairs Online
The Competition Policy of the European Union in the Context of Economic Cooperation with the United States ; Polityka konkurencji Unii Europejskiej w kontekście współpracy gospodarczej ze Stanami Zjednoczonymi
The European Union's competition policy is one of the most important elements in the functioning of the entire European Community (EC), as its issues oscillate around the shared market. The economic aspect is key to understanding the actions taken around the founding of the European Communities (European Economic Community of 1957). Initially, the EC was predominantly economic in nature, and only after the Maastricht Treaty came into force in 1993 did the European Union reorient itself into a political community. This paper juxtaposes the impact of the European Union's and the United States' economic powers on global economic relations, with a particular explanation of the specifics of how the EU and the US conduct their trade policies, and how this implies mutual trade relations. Then, the European Union's competition policy and its specific features are discussed, which have a decisive impact on the emergence of economic conflicts between the partners from both sides of the Atlantic. An important role is also played here by the issue of ISDS (investor-state dispute settlement) mechanism and differences in the understanding of labor rights in the United States and the European Union. ; Polityka konkurencji Unii Europejskiej stanowi jeden z najważniejszych elementów funkcjonowania całej Wspólnoty Europejskiej (WE), ponieważ jej zagadnienia oscylują wokół wspólnego rynku. Aspekt gospodarczy jest zasadniczy, żeby zrozumieć działania podejmowane wokół założenia Wspólnot Europejskich (Europejska Wspólnota Gospodarcza z 1957 r.). Początkowo WE miała charakter w dominującej części gospodarczy, dopiero po wejściu w życie traktatu z Maastricht w 1993 r. Unia Europejska przeorientowała się na wspólnotę polityczną. W niniejszej pracy zostanie zestawiony wpływ siły gospodarczej Unii Europejskiej i Stanów Zjednoczonych na światowe związki gospodarcze, ze szczególnym wyjaśnieniem specyfiki prowadzenia polityki handlowej przez UE i USA, a także sposobu, w jaki oddziałuje ona na wzajemne relacje handlowe. Następnie omówiona ...
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COOPERATION OF THE CUSTOMS ADMINISTRATION WITH GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATION AUTHORITIES, LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND ECONOMIC SELF-GOVERNMENT ; WSPÓŁPRACA ADMINISTRACJI CELNEJ Z ORGANAMI ADMINISTRACJI PAŃSTWOWEJ, SAMORZĄDOWEJ ORAZ SAMORZĄDEM GOSPODARCZYM
While carrying out its tasks, the Polish customs administration collaborates with many entities – government administration authorities, local government as well as economic self-government. Constant cooperation takes place mainly with authorities and institutions whose tasks are associated with tasks which are being realized by the customs administration. Cooperation with local and state administration bodies and the local government takes place to a lesser extent. This cooperation is of supportive character. Another type of cooperation is the cooperation with local governments. Its character is intensive. The result of this cooperation is the implementation of a number of facilities for entrepreneurs dealing with foreign commodity trading. ; Polska administracja celna realizując swoje zadania współpracuje z wieloma podmiotami – z organami administracji państwowej, samorządowej, jak i samorządem gospodarczym. Stała współpraca prowadzona jest przede wszystkim z organami i instytucjami, których zadania wiążą się z zadaniami realizowanymi przez administrację celną. Współpraca z terenowymi organami administracji państwowej oraz organami samorządu terytorialnego odbywa się w mniejszym zakresie. Ma ona charakter pomocniczy, wspierający. Innego rodzaju współpracą jest z kolei współpraca z samorządem gospodarczym. Jest ona intensywna. Efektem tej współpracy jest wprowadzenie szeregu ułatwień dla przedsiębiorców dokonujących obrotu towarowego z zagranicą.
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COOPERATION OF THE CUSTOMS ADMINISTRATION WITH GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATION AUTHORITIES, LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND ECONOMIC SELF-GOVERNMENT ; WSPÓŁPRACA ADMINISTRACJI CELNEJ Z ORGANAMI ADMINISTRACJI PAŃSTWOWEJ, SAMORZĄDOWEJ ORAZ SAMORZĄDEM GOSPODARCZYM
While carrying out its tasks, the Polish customs administration collaborates with many entities – government administration authorities, local government as well as economic self-government. Constant cooperation takes place mainly with authorities and institutions whose tasks are associated with tasks which are being realized by the customs administration. Cooperation with local and state administration bodies and the local government takes place to a lesser extent. This cooperation is of supportive character. Another type of cooperation is the cooperation with local governments. Its character is intensive. The result of this cooperation is the implementation of a number of facilities for entrepreneurs dealing with foreign commodity trading. ; Polska administracja celna realizując swoje zadania współpracuje z wieloma podmiotami – z organami administracji państwowej, samorządowej, jak i samorządem gospodarczym. Stała współpraca prowadzona jest przede wszystkim z organami i instytucjami, których zadania wiążą się z zadaniami realizowanymi przez administrację celną. Współpraca z terenowymi organami administracji państwowej oraz organami samorządu terytorialnego odbywa się w mniejszym zakresie. Ma ona charakter pomocniczy, wspierający. Innego rodzaju współpracą jest z kolei współpraca z samorządem gospodarczym. Jest ona intensywna. Efektem tej współpracy jest wprowadzenie szeregu ułatwień dla przedsiębiorców dokonujących obrotu towarowego z zagranicą.
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Służba Więzienna a współdziałanie w systemie bezpieczeństwa
In: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, Heft 13, S. 110-121
Prison service in view of total character and place of executable task is enforced affirmation of safety on purpose for with other discretional groups for optimization of operation society having cooperation. Operations related with assuring safety and there must be fitted cooperation affect for potential sources of threats new threats systematically appearing forcefully.
Kierunki przezwyciężania zewnętrznych trudności gospodarczych Polski i innych krajów socjalistycznych w ramach systemu międzynarodowej współpracy gospodarczej RWPG ; Trends in overcoming external economic problems in Poland and other socialist states within the framework of international economic co...
The article is an attempt to study possibilities of trade conversion in Poland and other CMEA member States to slow the increasing involvement in foreign debts in the socialist States and to reduce gradually their international payments deficit in the trade with the Western States. The author focusses on answering a question whether it is possible and to what degree, to limit Polish and other socialis States' imports from the industrial Western countries by means of intensifying international economic cooperation within the framework of the CMEA group of member States. The author dwells also on finding conditions and capacities of international coordination of trade policies of the member states on the Western markets and in the Third World. Coordinating these policies within the CMEA would maintain and develop such institutional, produetional and trade links which would bring about equal returns to both parts of the East-West exchange. It is understood that a consolidation of economic policies of the socialist States and a further intensification of economic ties within the CMEA is a main condition to start actions which would limit a destructive effect of the economic crisis in the capitalist world. ; Digitalizacja i deponowanie archiwalnych zeszytów RPEiS sfinansowane przez MNiSW w ramach realizacji umowy nr 541/P-DUN/2016
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Conditions and prospects for cooperation between Polish and Ukrainian local governments
In: Yearbook of the Institute of East-Central Europe: Rocznik Instytutu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej, Band 19, Heft 4, S. 221-241
The fact that Poland and Ukraine share a border, the convergence of the political goals of the peoples of both countries, and the constant efforts towards the development of democracy and decentralisation of public life determine the need to intensify cooperation in various areas of the functioning of society and the economy. An important sphere of cooperation is the public sector, in particular at the level of local government. The local government cooperation of both countries was already visible at the beginning of the social and political transformations after 1990. The development of this cooperation, with varying results, took place in the 1990s and, to an even greater extent, after Poland's accession to the European Union. In the last three decades, local and regional communities in Ukraine have become an important partner for Polish local governments, both at the local and regional levels. The local government cooperation that has been implemented is based on the diversification and multidimensionality of forms and models. Some result from legal regulations, while others are based on mutual experiences, previous contacts, and sympathies of public authorities. The aim of the study is to analyse and present the conditions and forms of Polish-Ukrainian local government cooperation. The aim is also to show the barriers to cooperation and to define proposed solutions to improve partner contacts of territorial units. The local government cooperation of the two countries is undoubtedly hindered by the fact that Ukraine is not a member of the EU, and often by mutual misunderstanding and non-acceptance of historical experiences. On the other hand, common goals at different levels of social, public, and economic life are a significant factor motivating parties to increase cooperation and achieve a synergistic effect thanks to it.