Suchergebnisse

By all accounts, the Austrians of the late twentieth century live in a stable Western European country with a secure sense of self. The concept of Austrian nationhood finds solid support in the country's population, which consistently displays stronger signs of national pride than its German neighbors. When the Austrian republic was reestablished from the ruins of the Third Reich in 1945, however, historical tradition did not inherently favor the development of a distinctly Austrian national consciousness. Austrians had commonly placed their Austrian identity into a wider German context, not least of all with regard to historical tradition. Thus, the contribution of historical images to the development of an Austrian national identity in the postwar era raises important questions about the interrelationship of history and society.

The Austrian system for pensions and care is dated back to the monarchy and was established in the year 1848 when the future empire ensured the whole country. In the settlement with Hungary, the Hungarians got their own system, and now there is a guarantee for the wellbeing of older persons in Austria. As most of the people remember, the only introduction was after the First World War in Austria, between 1918 and 1920 the social assurance system was created by persons such as Ferdinand Hanusch or members of the social-democratic party. Now the whole system has three pillars: the assurance of health; the assurance of accidents; and the assurance for older persons and care, which is covering the risks after the age of 60. It was a class-struggle when people go into a pension, but as far as we can see, the development was similar in the whole of Europe. The changes were done after the Second World War when some of the countries became communist regimes, while Austria became a flower of diversity in the systems of social assurances. There were no private assurances, those who existed were plus-payers, so the state allowed the assurance according to professions and qualifications. As we see, the results are different from the communist states of the Warsaw Pact, and this chapter focuses on explaining the social system of today and the changes of it as it is perceived.

Here, leading economists explore whether Austrian economics is still relevant today. Starting with Peter Boettke's lead essay, "What is Wrong with Austrian Economics?", chapters include an array of perspectives responding to this question, ranging from economics, to intellectual history, to political science, and to philosophy.

Introduction / Roger Koppl -- The research program of Austrian economics / Lawrence H. White -- Hayek vs. Hayek : a defence of moderate trade union activity / Torsten Niechoj -- Analogous models of complexity : the Austrian theory of capital and Hayek's theory of cognition as adaptive classifying systems / Steven Horwitz -- The firm in disequilibrium : a market process view of firm organization and strategy / Peter Lewin -- Policy advice by Austrian economists : the case of Austria in the 1930 / Hansj(c)·org Klausinger -- Markets vs. politics : correcting erroneous beliefs differently / Martin Gregor -- Opening remarks by Alfred Wirth / Alfred G. Wirth -- The continuing relevance of F.A. Hayek's political economy / Peter J. Boettke, Christopher J. Coyne, Peter T. Leeson -- Scientific hermeneutics : a tale of two Hayeks / Roger Koppl

This essay intends to investigate some aspects of the multifaceted relationship between the Viennese operetta and Austrian film in the period from the 1930s to the 1950s. In particular, the essay will try to trace the influence of the operetta on the way in which Austrian films depicted the country's history. Focusing on some of the most popular Austrian films of the period, including Willi Forst's Operette (1940), Wiener Blut (1942) and Wiener Mädeln (1944-49), as well as Ernst Marischka's trilogy from the late 1950s about the Austrian empress "Sissi", the essay will critically discuss Austrian cinema's penchant for the past, investigating the affinity of the Austrian (musical) film to the Viennese operetta, which served as its ideological and aesthetic model. In its affection for the past, Austrian cinema followed in the steps of the Viennese operetta. In contrast with the Hollywood musical genre or German musical films like Die Drei von der Tankstelle (1930) or Hallo Janine (1939), to mention just two of the most famous ones from the pre-war era, history was a key component of the Austrian Musikfilm. In Austria, the musical film overlapped with the historical genre, and it strongly influenced the country's memory of its past. By investigating the connection between the Viennese operetta and Austrian cinema, this essay aims to provide a better understanding of Austrian films in the cultural, political and historical context in which they saw the light of day.

Hauptbeschreibung In der internationalen Politikwissenschaft ist?sterreich vor allem f?r sein stabiles Parteiensystem und den Wahlerfolgen der FP? bekannt. Im Bereich der vergleichenden Wahlforschung wurde?sterreich bisher aufgrund unzureichender Daten oft vernachl?ssigt. Das Buch>The Austrian Voter

"What if economics began with people? Carl Menger. Ludwig von Mises. F.A. Hayek. Murray Rothbard. Israel Kirzner. They're some of the most important and acclaimed economists of the modern era, and they all belong to an intellectual tradition known as the Austrian School of Economics. While many economists model people's behavior using idealized assumptions, Austrian economists begin by taking people as they are and build economic theories by examining the logical structure of the choices they make. This book introduces the key thinkers of the Austrian School and explains their insights on a wide range of economic topics. It also explains the relationship between the Austrian School and mainstream economics and delves into the criticisms Austrian School economists have mounted against communist and socialist economic thought."