Suchergebnisse

Venezuela conoce desde siete años una crisis económica de una amplitud inédita. Según los datos del Fondo monetario internacional (FMI), la economía venezolana se hubiera reducido de 71,98 % entre 2014 y 2020. Un tal derrumbe tiene consecuencias dramáticas en la sociedad venezolana. La Organización de las naciones unidas (ONU) y la Organización internacional para las migraciones (OIM) cifran a 5,4 millones el numero de venezolanos que han salido de su país, es decir una de las crisis migratorias más importante del planeta. Gobernar un país en esas condiciones constituye un desafío y la persistencia en el poder de Nicolás Maduro desde 2013 puede constituir una enigma. Como lo escribe Javier Corrales, « la respuesta la más evidente [a esta pregunta] es que Maduro sobrevivió por que se volvió más autoritario ». Estas practicas autoritarias, diversas y variadas en su configuración, permiten a Nicolás Maduro conservar el poder. Su autoridad es tal actualmente que el politólogo Laureano Márquez habla incluso de « antifragilidad » para calificar el régimen venezolano y subrayar así el hecho que cada una de las dificultades que la sociedad venezolana encuentra fortalece paradójicamente el ejecutivo. En 2020, el gobierno Maduro ha logrado una vez más mantenerse en el poder a pesar de la crisis sanitaria provocada por la pandemia de Covid-19, el aislamiento del país orquestado por los Estados Unidos y el anuncio de elecciones legislativas en diciembre, juzgadas fraudulentas por la oposición.

The relationships among right-wing authoritarianism, sociopolitical attitudes, & life experiences were studied, drawing on survey data from 359 students at four high schools in Turin, Italy. Analysis of results by school type showed that authoritarianism correlates with lack of direct experiences of life with lack of peer group participation that would decrease dependence on family. A correlation was also found between high levels of religiosity & generalized indifference & rightist sociopolitical attitudes. The more books the subjects read, the less authoritarian; the more TV they watched, the more authoritarian. Results supported some hypotheses & are compared to previous studies. 21 References. Adapted from the source document.

Este artigo analisa as teorias de Aristóteles, Tocqueville e Hannah Arendt a respeito de como alguns aspectos da democracia como a busca do igualitarismo e o voto majoritário podem conduzir ao despotismo. Examinando os casos da democratização da Rússia pós-comunista e o sistema político da Venezuela durante a presidencia de Hugo Chavez, o texto procura demonstrar a importância das idéias daqueles pensadores para a compreensão de regimes autoritários legitimados pelo voto popular.---The democratic route of autoritarismThis article reviews the theories of Aristotle, Tocqueville and Hannah Arendt with respect to some elements of democracy such as the pursue of egalitarianism and the reliance on the will of the majority that can lead to despotism. On the basis of post-communist Russia's transition to democracy and Venezuela's political system under the presidency of Hugo Chavez, the article shows the importance of those thinker's insights to understand current authoritarian regimes which rely on popular vote.keywords: democracy, autoritarian regimes, voting.

Terror Management Theory, based on the ideas of Ernest Becker, suggests that the fear of death is universal. When forced to think about the possibility of one's own death, the first response is denial & deferral. Next, after this impulse has passed, defensive behavior is invoked that usually involves shoring up one's cultural worldview & one's self-esteem. It also involves derogation of other beliefs leading to prejudice, discrimination, & even to murderous acts. This paper briefly recounts Terror Management Theory & supporting evidence. It attempts to draw parallels between the behavior of individuals whose unconscious death anxiety has been raised through a "mortality salience" manipulation to the behavior of authoritarian persons. There is little direct evidence, but there seem to be ample reasons to believe that the authoritarian personality is particularly sensitive to threats of death. 30 References. Adapted from the source document.