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AbstractSusanne-Sophia Spiliotis:Business Statesmanship: Zu Zeit- und Verantwortungskonzepten der internationalen Privatwirtschaft im 20. Jahrhundert (FJ SB 3/2016, S. 37-47)Was die Wirtschaft über ihre eigene gesellschaftliche Verantwortung sagt, ändert sich im 20. Jahrhundert erheblich – kurz: von der frühen staatstragenden Rhetorik einerbusiness statesmanshiphin zurcorporate responsibilityals rein fakultativem gesellschaftlichem Engagement. Dem entspricht ein Wandel des Selbstbildes, das unternehmerisches Handeln in zunehmend kürzere Perspektiven rückt. Erst mit dem Topos der Nachhaltigkeit werden in jüngster Zeit langfristige Zeitbezüge wieder prominenter. Am Beispiel des Verantwortungsdiskurses der Internationalen Handelskammer (ICC), die sich als Sprachrohr der Privatwirtschaft weltweit versteht, lässt sich zeigen, welche Zeitbezüge im jeweiligen Konzept unternehmerischer Verantwortung und im entsprechenden Selbstverständnis maßgeblich sind, wie die jeweils spezifische Temporalität in die Veränderungen geopolitischer, sozialer und ökonomischer Strukturen eingebettet ist und inwiefern das Selbstverständnis der Wirtschaft als Teil der Zivilgesellschaft zum Kapitalismus gehört.Susanne-Sophia Spiliotis: Business Statesmanship – Its Place In Time. On The Origins Of Corporate Responsibility In The 20th Century(FJ SB 3/2016, pp. 37-47)In the 20th century the business discourse on corporate responsibility changed substantially roughly, from a lofty rhetoric ofbusiness statesmanshiptocorporate responsibilityas mere optional commitment. This shift correlates with a self-image that increasingly favors a shortterm perspective on corporate activities. Only after the concept of sustainability recently gained momentum, longterm temporal references became interesting again. By way of example the responsibility discourse of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) which perceives itself as the organization that represents private sector businesses worldwide, shows the different temporal references prevailing in the particular concepts of responsibility and in the corresponding self-concepts. The ICC discourse indicates how this particular temporality is embedded in socioeconomic and geopolitical change and to what extent the self-conception of business as collective part of civil society pertains to the logic of capitalism.

Received 03.11.2020. The article deals with the features of the dynamics of the Eurozone's general business situation (GBS) for the 20 years of its existence. A comparative analysis of the integration bloc GBS within the framework of two full medium-term reproduction cycles (2002–2007 and 2008–2018) is carried out using different economic indicators: value added of different industries, industrial production, manufacturing production, real GDP, real GDP per capita, gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) rate, returns on GFCF rate, employment. The recession of 2020 is considered preconditioned (regardless of the COVID-19 repercussions), as the duration of the business cycle since 2008 was approaching the maximum duration of the Juglar cycle (11 years) and signs of a downturn were appearing in 2018. The feature of the second medium-term cycle is outlined – mainly recovery rather than net economic growth, which justifies identification of the Eurozone development since 2008 as the lost decade. An attempt is made to identify long waves in the development of the Eurozone GBS, possible timeframes thereof are hypothesized using GDP per capita as well as labor productivity growth rates. Period of 1996–2011 is suggested as an ascending wave, period of 2012–2019 (and later) – as a descending wave. The conclusion is made on the relatively less favorable Eurozone GBS in the second decade of the XXI century within both the second medium-term cycle and the long wave. The problem (crisis) of competitiveness of the integration bloc as a main factor of such a dynamics is outlined. In this regard a modification of the medium-term reproduction cycle in the second decade of the XXI century is revealed on the basis of the Eurozone member states GBS analysis. The modification consists in a low representativeness of industrial (and manufacturing) production index as an indicator for identifying the phases of the medium-term cycle, and in extraordinary patterns of the industry (and its manufacturing part) dynamics, which result in completion of the medium term cycle without the index reaching its pre-crisis levels in a number of Eurozone countries. This new normality calls forth to reconsider to some extent such GBS theoretical categories as cycle boundaries and peak. In conclusion, forecasts are made regarding the end of the current descending long wave in the mid-2020s and possible GBS improvement within the medium-term cycle in this period subject to reasonable economic policy aimed at tackling the Eurozone competitiveness crisis.

Introduction -- Asia and the Pacific -- Australia -- Singapore -- Korea -- North American Free Trade Agreement: Canada and Mexico -- Canada -- Mexico -- Latin America and the Caribbean -- Costa Rica -- Dominican Republic -- El Salvador -- Guatemala -- Honduras -- Nicaragua -- Chile -- Peru -- Colombia -- Panama -- Middle East and North Africa -- Bahrain -- Israel -- Jordan -- Morocco -- Oman -- Rules of Origin for Free Trade Agreements -- Locating FTA-specific Rule of Origin -- Other important ROO considerations -- Regional Value Content based rule -- Guide to Our Services

The St. Cloud area economic outlook has been clouded by the announced future mass layoff of workers at the St. Cloud Electrolux plant. The planned closing of this manufacturing facility is estimated to cause a job loss of 860 workers by the end of 2019. While respondents to the St. Cloud Area Business Outlook Survey express concern about the economic impact of the upcoming plant closing, the future outlook of surveyed businesses is strong as we enter a time of the year in which the area economy typically enjoys seasonal strength. Revised employment data suggest the area labor market was not as strong as we originally indicated in the second half of 2017. For example, we initially reported year-over-year over­all employment growth of l.6 percent in October 2017. This annualized employment growth was recently revised downward to 0.4 percent over this time period. Among other things, the twelve-month growth in the mining/logging/construction sector was originally reported to be 9.2 percent in October 2017. This number is now reported to be only 0.5 percent over this same time period. With the reminder that local employment data are subject to rather large annual revisions, we note that year-over­year overall employment growth slowed to 0.2 percent for the year ending January 2018. The manufacturing, education/health, wholesale trade, mining/logging/construction and government sectors led local job growth, while the retail trade, professional & business services, and leisure/hospitality sectors' employment contracted. The St. Cloud Index of Leading Economic Indicators rose 0.3 percent over the last quarter. Surveyed firms indicate strong expected future employment, increased future prices received, and considerable expected difficulty attracting qualified workers over the next six months.

Despite heightened uncertainty from recent retail store closings, looming na­tional tariff policies and the future clo­sure of Electrolux, area firms continue to report strong optimism about future business activity. Area firms reported continuing difficulty attracting qualified workers, which appears to be restraining local employment growth. Local employ­ment grew at a tepid 0.4 percent rate over the year ending April 2018 as worker shortages limit firms' growth poten­tial. The manufacturing, education/health, wholesale trade, and transportation/warehousing/utilities sectors led local job growth, while the retail trade, mining/logging/construction, and leisure/hospitality sectors' employ­ment contracted. A new St. Cloud Index of Leading Economic Indicators is unveiled this quarter (see accompanying chart). The index increased 3.2 percent in April, pointing to continuing local economic growth over the next several months. Surveyed firms indicate strong current employment activity and improving na­tional business conditions. Firms also report an increase in prices received. KEY TAKEAWAYS 1) Private sector payroll employment in the St. Cloud area rose by 0.2 percent from one year earlier in the 12 months through April 2018. Service providing industries (which account for 80.2 percent of local payrolls) are estimated to have had no employment change over the past year. This is largely attributed to a year-over-year decline in employment in the retail trade and lei­sure/hospitality sectors of the local economy. Employment in these two sectors contracted by 4.2 percent and 9.5 percent, respectively, over the year ending April 2018. Combined, these two sectors account for nearly 20 percent of local jobs. The unemployment rate in the St. Cloud area in April fell to 3.3 per­cent from 3.7 percent a year ago. This is the lowest April unemployment rate since 2000. The labor force rose by 3 percent in the St. Cloud area over the past year. 2) Employment in the health and educational sector grew by 3.3 per­cent over the year ending April 2018. As has been noted in previous re­ports, this sector now accounts for 20.5 percent of area employment (versus 13.9 percent in April 2000). Annual local job growth in the wholesale trade sector was 3 percent and manufacturing employ­ment is estimated to have increased by 3.8 percent over the last twelve months (we note the irony that Electrolux has been hiring workers in recent weeks in an effort to reach increased production goals). Job growth in the transportation/warehousing/utilities sector was 4.2 percent and government sector employ­ment rose by 1.9 percent over the past year. Sectors experiencing job gains rep­resented nearly 69 percent of area em­ployment over the past year. In addition to the loss of jobs in the retail trade and leisure/hospitality sectors that are referenced above, the mining/logging/con­struction sector (most of this sector is construction locally) shed 1.7 percent of its jobs over the past year. This had recently been one of the fastest growing local sectors, so we will keep an eye on these numbers in the coming months. 3) The new St. Cloud Index of Lead­ing Economic Indicators rose 3.2 percent in April and the St. Cloud 13 Stock Price Index fell 6.2 percent over the three months ending April 30, 2018. Over this same period, the S & P 500 fell 1.9 percent. 4) The future outlook of those area businesses responding to the St. Cloud Area Business Outlook Survey is solid. Fifty-one percent of sur­veyed firms expect an increase in busi­ness activity over the next six months, while only 12 percent expect decreased activity. Forty-one percent of surveyed firms expect to expand payrolls by November and 56 percent anticipate high­er employee compensation. Most read­ings from the future outlook survey are stronger than one year ago, with particularly strong performance of the em­ployment, national business activity, prices received and worker shortage in­dexes. Forty-two percent of surveyed firms expect increased difficulty attract­ing qualified workers by November. 5) Forty-one percent of surveyed firms expect to be either directly or indirectly unfavorably impacted by the imposition of tariffs by the Trump administration. Another 41 per­cent expect "no effect" of the tariffs and only 9 percent of firms thlnk this will fa­vorably impact them. In a second spe­cial question, 70 percent of surveyed firms expect "neither net gain nor loss" from an expansion of the Northstar Cor­ridor Commuter Rail service from Big Lake to St. Cloud. Seventeen percent of firms expect to receive a net gain from the expansion of this service, while sev­en percent would expect a net loss. In this quarter's final special question, we asked area firms to express their con­cerns about the recent wave of store closings to hit the St. Cloud area. Forty-­five percent of firms express a small concern and 36 percent have a medium concern. This is a large concern for 14 percent of surveyed companies.

Introductory Essay: The Next Phase of Business Ethics; Howard Harris and Michael Schwartz SPECIAL SECTION: 20 YEARS OF REIO Chapter 1. Reminiscences on the founding of REIO; Moses L. Pava Chapter 2. A Big Picture Approach to (C)SR: Where Are We Now?; Christine A. Hemingway Chapter 3. 25 years with The Moral of the Story; Nina Rosenstand Chapter 4. The Future of Business Ethics and the Individual Decision Maker; Avi Kay Chapter 5. Lessons From The Fox-Hunt; Michael Schwartz and Debra R. Comer ARTICLES Chapter 6. Everyday Redemption: Performances of Hope; Moses L. Pava Chapter 7. Fences Outside Fences: The Uses Of Heroic Marginality In Ethical Behavior; Barry M. Mitnick and Martin Lewison REVIEWS Chapter 8. Learning through Film: A Gift from India; Kemi Ogunyemi.

​​​​​​Now more than ever, marketing is assuming a key boundary-spanning role-a role that also redefined the composition of the marketing organization. In this Brief, the marketing organization's integrative and mutually reinforcing components of marketing activities, customer value-creating processes, networks, and stakeholders are delineated within their boundary-spanning roles. Expanding upon his article published in the Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science in 2011, Tomas Hult draws thematic marketing insights from the integration of thirty-one organization theories to advance knowl