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In this article, we refer to the main foundations that the personalism of Karol Wojtyla contributes to bioethical reflection in reference to woman and the feminine. The woman is a person, a unique and valuable someone, with a greater dignity, in whose freedom lies the ability to decide who she wants to be. Woman also reveals herself in action. She has a genius, a unique way of loving and being loved, of responding to the vocation to love for her full realization. Then, love constitutes her only adequate form and foundation of every ethical norm; consequently, she cannot but transmit life in all its forms. Woman displays her feminine genius from the family, from which she radiates her humanity to other areas of society. Wojtyla thus bases the contribution of woman against modern postulates such as contraception, abortion, euthanasia and other attacks on life that the culture of death brings with it. He elevates woman beyond political and social boundaries. ; En el presente artículo, nos referimos a los principales fundamentos que aporta el personalismo de Karol Wojtyla a la reflexión bioética en referencia a la mujer y lo femenino. La mujer es una persona, un alguien único y valioso, con una dignidad superior, en cuya libertad se asienta la capacidad para decidir quién se quiere ser. La mujer, además, se revela en la acción. Posee un genio, un modo único de amar y ser amada, de responder a la vocación al amor para su plena realización. Entonces, el amor constituye su única forma adecuada y fundamento de toda norma ética; en consecuencia, no puede sino transmitir vida en todas sus formas. La mujer despliega su genio femenino a partir de la familia, desde la cual irradia su humanidad hacia los otros ámbitos de la sociedad. Wojtyla fundamenta de este modo la contribución de la mujer frente a postulados modernos como la anticoncepción, el aborto, la eutanasia y otros atentados contra la vida que trae consigo la cultura de la muerte. Eleva a la mujer más allá de los límites políticos y sociales.

Holocaust education is important for learning how healthcare has been leveraged to influence social change in the past and how it can be used to advocate for ethical social change in the future. By understanding how medical professionals became the social and political leaders of Nazi Germany, today's health professionals can learn how to avoid unethical politicization. By understanding how early twentieth century discourse on medico-social issues used terms and language that are similar, if not the same, as today's debates, proponents of different sides of these debates can understand the troubling subtexts and potential consequences of their – and the opposing side's – positions.

Holocaust education is important for learning how healthcare has been leveraged to influence social change in the past and how it can be used to advocate for ethical social change in the future. By understanding how medical professionals became the social and political leaders of Nazi Germany, today's health professionals can learn how to avoid unethical politicization. By understanding how early twentieth century discourse on medico-social issues used terms and language that are similar, if not the same, as today's debates, proponents of different sides of these debates can understand the troubling subtexts and potential consequences of their – and the opposing side's – positions.

The "WHO guidelines on ethical issues in public health surveillance" were ublished shortly after the Italian Presidency of the Council of Ministers published a Decree (3rd March, 2017) regarding surveillance systems and registries. The WHO document is a comprehensive framework of international import that forms a compendium of ethical principles to underlie public health surveillance. Although the Italian Decree is in line with the guidelines it contains no reference to mechanisms to ensure ethical surveillance, which instead are recommended in the WHO document. Ethics Committees would appear the most suitable candidates to fill this role.

The use of contraceptives has been controversial in recent days, especially concerning the government mandate for insurance and health care companies to financially cover contraceptives for their policy holders. The term 'contraceptive' includes anything that deliberately prevents conception or impregnation, including condoms, birth control pills, intrauterine methods, and barrier methods (Merriam-Webster, 2013). The morality of contraception largely hinges on the belief of when personhood begins.

Los avances científicos, el conocimiento más exhaustivo de la biología y, el estudio e investigación en fisiopatología humana, han permitido el desarrollo de técnicas instrumentales al selvicio de ios profesionales sanitarios, no sólo para el diagnóstico de enfermedades sino también para el tratamiento de pacientes, con un alcance antes inpensabie. En los últimos 50 años el avance de la meedicina ha sido espectacular, haciendo que la esperanza de vida de los seres humanos en el mundo occidental sea aproximadamente de 80 años. Las vacunas los antibióticos fueron posiblemente la mejora más importante. Posteriormente-', las nuevas técnicas quirúrgicas, la nueva radiología y Ia ventilación mecánica continua, así como la circulación extrarenal, ha permitido diagnosticar y curar pacientes que antes estaban deshauciados. Desgraciadarnente, estos avances científicos y técnicos no han ido acompañados también de avances sociales en sistemas alimentarios, higiene y libertad; no han sido uniforrrres en el mundo y hoy en dlía todavia existen grandes bolsas de pobreza y hambruna, principalmente en el Africa subsahariana y otras partes d Asia. La instauración de la democracia y de libertades, functamentalmente en los países occidentaies, seguro que tamibién ha contribuido al desarrollo de la medicina y de su entomo. ; Publicació patrocinada pels estudis de postgrau de l'Observatori de Bioètica i Dret (OBD) de la Universitat de Barcelona: