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'This groundbreaking exploration of the concept of necessity entrepreneurship cuts to the heart of the culture wars with potential ramifications for public policy. Central to this volume is the question, "What is culture?" The politically incorrect conclusion that some cultures are "progress"-prone, while others may be "progress"-resistant, should anoint new generations of educators to rise to this challenge. The dilemma is, how do we maintain respect for cultural diversity while at the same time, encouraging subsistent families and communities to become more self-sufficient? The answer to this question will determine, in large part, the direction of our welfare policies in the government as well as our philanthropy in the private sector.' --Hilaire Kallendorf, Texas A&M University, US. Necessity entrepreneurs are individuals in developing countries who start small enterprises out of necessity. While they range from street sellers to educated hopefuls with little access to formal employment, the one thing that unites them is the need to survive. This volume is the first-known compilation of theories contributed by international scholars who have worked together to establish a theory-based discourse on necessity entrepreneurship, microenterprise education and long-term economic development. An estimated one billion individuals in both developed and developing nations can be defined as necessity entrepreneurs; individuals who have no other viable option for licit income than to start a small, income-generating activity. However, unless these 'necessity entrepreneurs' have access to meaningful education, they will never realize the powerful, economic potential to impact the economic development of their respective nations. This volume is the foundation upon which the budding discipline of necessity entrepreneurship can be built. This book is an essential resource for policy makers, educators and academics interested in global economic development and sustainable business. Moreover, it will be an invaluable tool to those working in non-profit organizations and non-governmental organizations

Settled Strangers aims at understanding the social, economic and political evolution of the transnational migrant community of Gujarati traders and merchants in East Africa. The history of South Asians in East Africa is neither part of the mainstream national Indian history nor that of East African history writing. This is surprising because South Asians in East Africa outnumbered the Europeans ten-to-one. Moreover, their overall economic contribution and political significance may be more important than the history of the colonisers. This book is an attempt to provide some balance in the form of a history of the South Asians in East Africa through the lens of the actors themselves. It studies the kind of social, economic and political adjustments the emigrant Gujaratis had to make in the course of this migration. By using insights from the social sciences, including concepts like cultural capital, family firm, transnationality, middleman minorities and cultural change, this book aims to achieve a broader understanding of communities that do not belong to nations, yet are part of national states.

28 Business Thinkers Who Changed the World profiles the game changers who rewrote the business rulebook. From Oprah to Mark Zuckerberg, Peter Drucker to Steve Jobs, find out how they fundamentally reshaped their industries and the way we do business today

Intro -- Contents -- About Danny and Andrew -- Introduction -- Foreword -- Alyssa Smith -- Audioboo -- BBOXX -- Bigger Feet -- Blackberry Cottage Fayre -- Blackcircles.com -- Blessing M -- Bog in a Bag -- Booking Bug -- Nigel Botterill -- Braant -- Chilango -- Chokolit -- CIVA -- Clear Returns -- Cuski -- Karen Darby -- Degree Art -- Duedil -- Eyetease -- FaceFlow -- Flamingo -- Front Up Rugby -- The Giving Card -- Gnewt Cargo -- Gourmet Origins -- HumAnima CIC -- Innocent -- Insider Trends -- Junior's Pantry -- Kabbee -- Kitty & -- Dulcie -- Little Dish -- Love Da Popcorn -- Lux Fix -- Mama Designs -- MBA -- myParcelDelivery.com -- Naturally Cool Kids -- Novam -- Nuba Cocktails -- OGL Marketing -- PageHub -- The Pilates Pod -- Pimlico Plumbers -- PleaseCycle -- Poikos -- Poke London -- Safer Minicabs -- Shutl -- SilenceBreakers -- Gavin Smith -- SnoozeShade -- Socialable -- Sole Trader Websites -- Soul Tree Wine -- Sugru -- SUMO -- SuperJam -- SuperTie -- Andy Sutton -- ToyBoxLive -- Trifle Creative* -- Turtle Tots -- Urban Alpha -- Urban Coffee Company -- Value My Stuff -- Wealthy Student -- Weanie Beans -- Jonny White -- Wolds Target Accessories -- WorkAround.me -- Young Guns -- Zac and Mo -- ZigwagZ -- Zone3 -- Final note.

Reuse of record except for individual research requires license from Congressional Information Service, Inc. ; Hearings held Jan. 14-Mar. 5, l976. ; CIS Microfiche Accession Numbers: CIS 77 J841-12 ; Microfiche. ; Mode of access: Internet.

We let students play a corruption game, embedded into a variant of the ultimatum game. Those allotted the role of public servants chose between whistleblowing, opportunism and reciprocity by delivery (of a contract) and those acting as businesspeople chose how to frame the game and whether to blow the whistle. While opportunism and abstaining from whistleblowing is the Nash equilibrium, another likely outcome was that businesspeople allocate resources to punishing public servants for non-delivery, exhibiting a preference for negative reciprocity. Anticipating this, public servants might tend to reciprocate or blow the whistle upfront. Female public servants were more inclined to behave opportunistically; female businesspeople were less engaged in negative reciprocity. This corroborates a favorable role of women in anticorruption. Businesspeople who strongly preferred a corrupt framing of the game and obtained a form with corrupt wording were more willing to punish non-delivering public servants. This operates against camouflaging a bribe as a gift, because gifts fail to signal negative reciprocity. -- Corruption ; ultimatum game ; whistleblowing ; gender ; signaling ; trust

Intro -- Insights from Chapter 1 -- Insights from Chapter 2 -- Insights from Chapter 3 -- Insights from Chapter 4 -- Insights from Chapter 5 -- Insights from Chapter 6 -- Insights from Chapter 7 -- Insights from Chapter 8 -- Insights from Chapter 9 -- Insights from Chapter 10 -- Insights from Chapter 11 -- Insights from Chapter 12 -- Insights from Chapter 13 -- Insights from Chapter 14 -- Insights from Chapter 15.

Philippe Bieler, born in 1933 and a member of the silent generation, was nonetheless raised by his outspoken mother and well-connected father to not only be seen but also heard. Fortune Favours a Bieler looks back on the past century as a period of luck and opportunity for those who would seize it.

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Table of Contents -- Foreword -- Introduction: Philanthrocapitalism and Colonization in the Digital Age -- Section I: A Global Empire -- Disrupting a World of Traditional Knowledge, Sovereignty, and Biodiversity -- An Overview of Bill & -- Melinda Gates Agricultural Innovations -- The Bill & -- Melinda Gates Foundation and the International Rice Research Institute Alliance -- Section II: Patents, Gene Editing, and Digital Sequence Information -- Seed Ownership Through New Gene Editing Technologies -- Gene Editing: Unexpected Outcomes and Risks -- Megadiverse Countries as Providers of Genetic Resources & -- Digital Sequence Information -- Section III: Biopiracy -- Biopiracy of Climate Resilient Seeds -- Biopiracy Case Studies: GMO Bananas -- Section IV: Global Agriculture -- The Recolonization of Agriculture -- A Treaty to Protect Our Agricultural Biodiversity -- Ag Tech: Bill & -- Melinda Gates Agricultural Innovations in Argentina -- Section V: The Third "Green Revolution" -- The Golden Rice Hoax -- Why We Oppose Golden Rice -- The Dystopia of the Green Revolution in Africa -- The Gates Foundation's Green Revolution Fails Africa's Farmers -- Seeds of Surveillance Capitalism -- Section VI: Biotechnology & -- Geoengineering -- The Problems with Lab Made Food -- Software To Swallow: The Intellectual Property Model of Food -- Bill Gates' Climate "Solutions": Funding for Geoengineering -- Section VII: Gene Drives & -- The Sixth Mass Extinction -- Driven to Exterminate: How Bill Gates Brought Gene Drive Extinction Technology into The World -- Gates Foundation Hired a Public Relations Firm to Manipulate the UN Over Gene Drives -- Targeting Palmer Amaranth: A Traditionally Nutritious and Culturally Significant Crop -- Global Resistance to Genetic Extinction Technology.