Suchergebnisse

A violência doméstica atinge todos os componentes familiares, as crianças são consideradas as principais vítimas. Este é um estudo qualitativo que objetivou apreender a percepção de mães cujas filhas foram vítimas de abuso sexual infantil. Os dados foram coletados em fevereiro e março de 2007, em uma organização governamental de Fortaleza, CE, mediante entrevista semiestruturada com dez mães de meninas vítimas de abuso sexual. As informações foram submetidas à técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo, da qual emergiram três temas: a culpa arraigada pelo mito materno, a dor do insuperável e o desespero como consequência do sentimento de impotência, permitindo apreender que as mães vivenciam uma gama de sentimentos, destacando-se a dor, revolta e impotência. Considera-se a necessidade de haver interesse por parte da sociedade para compreender a violência, sua magnitude e toda a cadeia atingida, caso contrário, só restarão boas intenções perdidas no vazio da falta de ação. ; La violencia doméstica afecta a todos los componentes familiares, las niñas son consideradas las principales víctimas. Este es un estudio cualitativo que tuvo por objetivo aprender la percepción de las madres cuyas hijas fueron víctimas de abuso sexual infantil. Los datos fueron recolectados entre febrero y marzo de 2007, en una organización gubernamental de Fortaleza, estado de Ceará, mediante entrevista semiestructurada con diez madres de niñas víctimas de abuso sexual. Las informaciones fueron sometidas a la técnica del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo, de la cual emergieron tres temas: la culpa arraigada por el mito materno, el dolor de lo insuperable y el desespero, como consecuencia del sentimiento de impotencia, permitiendo aprender que las madres experimentan una amplia gama de sentimientos, destacándose el dolor, la rebelión y la impotencia. Se considera una necesidad que exista un interés por parte de la sociedad para comprender la violencia, su magnitud y todas sus implicaciones, caso contrario, solo restarán buenas intenciones perdidas en el vacío de la falta de acción. ; Domestic violence affects all members in a family and children are considered the main victims. This qualitative study aimed to grasp the perception of mothers whose daughters were sexually abused. Data were collected between February and March 2007 in a governmental facility in Fortaleza-CE, Brazil through semi-structured interviews with ten mothers of sexually abused children. Data were submitted to the Collective Subject Discourse Technique from which three themes emerged: Guilt is rooted in the motherhood myth, unhealable pain and despair as a consequence of a feeling of powerlessness. Results evidenced that mothers experience a range of feelings in which pain, revulsion and powerlessness are highlighted. Society should be engaged in the subject and interested in understanding violence, its magnitude and the whole affected chain, otherwise, only good intentions will remain, lost in the void from the lack of action.

Comprender el Abuso Sexual Infantil (ASI) en sus dimensiones de definición, caracterización, clasificación, epidemiología y secuelas psíquicas, es de importancia en el mundo contemporáneo, en el que las leyes de los gobiernos democráticos promueven sanciones drásticas para quien ejerce un delito sexual contra los niños, niñas y adolescentes. Esto conlleva una investigación cuidadosa de parte de las autoridades competentes y puede ser difícil si se hace solamente desde la mirada del Derecho. Precisamente, el objetivo de este artículo es proponer un acercamiento conceptual entre la Psicología y el Derecho para una mejor comprensión del Abuso Sexual Infantil ya que, por un lado, siempre que la psicología aborde a una víctima de ASI, necesariamente debe comprender que está actuando en los campos del Derecho y, por el otro, porque al Derecho le faltan las herramientas que tiene la Psicología para comprender algo tan complejo como es el Abuso Sexual Infantil ; To understand the Sexual Child Abuse in his dimensions of definition, characterization, classification, epidemiology and psychic sequels, it performs importance in a contemporary world in which the laws that the democratic governments promote the drastic sanctions for the one that exercises a sexual crime against the boys, girls and teenagers. The application of drastic laws carries a careful investigation on behalf of the competent authorities and can be difficult if it is done only from the look of the Law. Precisely the aim of the present article is to propose a conceptual approximation between the Psychology and the Right for the benefit of a better comprehension of the Sexual Child Abuse

Objective: The purpose of this paper was to compare the prevalence rates of child sexual abuse reported by [Finkelhor, D. (1994). The international epidemiology of child sexual abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect, 18 (5), 409-417] with those found in recent publications in order to confirm the widespread prevalence of child sexual abuse. Methods: Relevant articles about prevalence of child sexual abuse were identified through searches of computerized databases and a handsearch of Child Abuse & Neglect and the Journal of Child Sexual Abuse. Results: Thirty-eight independent articles were identified, corresponding to 39 prevalence studies; these articles report the prevalence of childhood sexual abuse in 21 different countries, ranging from 0 to 53% for women and 0 to 60% for men. Conclusions: Comparison of the present study with that of [Finkelhor, D. (1994). The international epidemiology of child sexual abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect, 18 (5), 409-417] shows a similarity between prevalence distributions; there appears to be a general pattern that remains more or less constant over the years, especially in women. Practice implications: Twelve years after the first revision study about the international prevalence of child sexual abuse, there is still a need for new data about this topic. The present study shows child sexual abuse is still a widespread problem in the society. In this research, carried out on 38 independent studies, there is new data for 21 countries over the world, being especially relevant the results obtained from other countries different from those pertaining toNorth America or Europe. It is important to point out the high prevalence found in most of the countries, so this information could be a new warning to make society and governments aware of this problem and undertake actions to prevent sexual abuse in childhood. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The massive use of ICTs by children and teenagers exposes them to forms of online sexual interaction with adults that have elements common to offline sexual abuse. It is therefore necessary to define the differences between these two phenomena in order to ensure that preventing potential victims is implemented in a manner compatible with the principle of proportionality, with the consequent need for a differentiated legal response. In order to do this, we investigate the characteristics of online victimisation and its effects on victims, address the problem of identifying protected legal assets and conclude with a series of recommendations for legislative reform and restrictive application of criminal offences. ; El uso masivo de las TIC por parte de los niños y adolescentes les expone a formas de interacción sexual online con adultos que tienen elementos comunes con el abuso sexual offline. Ante ello, es necesario definir las diferencias existentes entre ambos fenómenos de cara a garantizar que la prevención de las potenciales víctimas se realice de un modo compatible con el principio de proporcionalidad, con la consiguiente necesidad de diferenciación de la respuesta penal. Para ello se indagan cuáles son las características propias de la victimización en línea y los efectos de la misma en las víctimas, se aborda el problema de la identificación de los bienes jurídicos protegidos y se concluye con una serie de recomendaciones de reforma legislativa y aplicación restrictiva de los tipos penales.

The Politics of Meaning: Societal Discourses on the Sexual Abuse of Children and Their Influence on the Catholic ChurchNota: Traducción del inglés al español a cargo de Diego Fonti. Texto original: Karlijn Demasure (2019). The Politics of Meaning. Societal Discourses on Sexual Abuse of Children and their Influence on the Catholic Church. In Vähäkangas A., Angel S., Helboe Johansen K., (eds.), The Politics of Space and Body. Reforming Practical Theology, International Academy of Practical Theology Conference Series (IAPT.CS), 1, 20-28. Disponible en https://doi.org/10.25785/ iapt.cs.v1i0.49ResumenEste artículo sobre el abuso sexual de niños contribuye a comprender el cambio del enfoque de los perpetradores que niega la voz de las víctimas, incluso al punto de considerar a las víctimas como delincuentes sexuales responsables por su abuso, a un enfoque de "la víctimas primero". La iglesia católica ha sido fuertemente influida por los principales discursos en la sociedad que dan poder a los psiquiatras, terapeutas y trabajadores sociales. Sin embargo, con respecto al abuso clerical en la iglesia, se pueden identificar dos discursos distintos. En el primero, el pecado se considera causa del abuso, reduciéndolo a una cuestión de la voluntad. El segundo discurso considera que el abuso sexual infantil se debe al contexto de decadencia moral. Es importante por ello superarlos con una visión sistémica del tema.AbstractThis paper on child sexual abuse contributes to an understanding of the shift from a focus on perpetrators that denies the voice of the victims, even holding the victims to be sexual delinquents responsible for their abuse, to a "victims first" approach. The Catholic Church has been heavily influenced by the major discourses in society that give power to psychiatrists, therapists and social workers. However, with regard to clerical sexual abuse in the Church, two distinct discourses can be identified. In the first, sin is considered a cause for abuse, reducing it to a matter of the will. The second discourse considers child sexual abuse due to a context of moral decay. Both discourses need to be overcome by means of a sistemic view of the issue. Key words: Child Sexual Abuse, Catholic Church, Societal Discourses, "Victims First" Approach.

This present research is made from the necessity of leaving uncover the legal issue which is generated when criminal law of the majority mixed race culture is applied over the native communities from the Amazon River basin, colliding with their ancient customs which underlie their living style. Thus we propose decentralized legislation based on their own organisms to solve conflicts ; La presente investigación parte de la necesidad de dejar al descubierto el problema jurídico que se suscita al aplicar la Ley Penal de la culturamayoritaria mestiza en las comunidades nativas del río Amazonas, colisionando con sus costumbres ancestrales que rigen su forma devida, y de esta manera lograr que se legisle en forma descentralizada teniendo en cuenta sus propios organismos de resolución de conflictos

La aparición de las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación, su generalización y continuo desarrollo han incidido de manera trascendental en la realización de determinadas actividades delictivas relacionadas con la sexualidad humana. El presente trabajo versa sobre el tratamiento legal de una de ellas, la relativa a la pornografía infantil, cuyo incriminación ha experimentado importantes cambios con la entrada en vigor de la LO 1/2015, de 30 de marzo, en la línea marcada por la Directiva del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo 2011/93/UE relativa a la lucha contra los abusos sexuales y la explotación sexual de los menores y la pornografía infantil y el Convenio del Consejo de Europa para la protección de los niños contra la explotación y el abuso sexual de 2007. No obstante, no se aborda aquí el análisis de todos los delitos relacionados con la pornografía infantil, sino aquellos específicamente centrados en las imágenes de abusos sexuales a menores que se encuentran tipificados en el artículo 189 del Código penal, cuya regulación ha experimentado destacables modificaciones como consecuencia de la adopción de un nuevo concepto de la pornografía infantil, con importantes repercusiones en las conductas incriminadas, y la aparición de nuevos tipos penales.The emergence, generalization and continuous development of information and communication technology have affected in a very important form the way certain criminal activities related to human sexuality are carried out. This article focuses on the legal treatment of one of them: child pornography. Acting in accordance with Directive 2011/93/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, of 13 December 2011, on combating the sexual abuse and sexual exploitation of children and child pornography, and replacing Council Framework Decision 2004/68/JHACouncil of Europe and the 2007 Convention of the Council of Europe on the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse, the Penal Code reform by Criminal Law 1/2015, of 30 March, has made different modifications to criminal offences and sanctions in the area of child pornography. However, it is not addressed here the analysis of all crimes related to child pornography, but those specifically focused on images of sexual abuse of minors criminalized by 189 article, which has had some changes as the adoption of a new concept of child pornography, with important implications for the offending behavior, and the creation of new offences.

El propósito de la presente investigación fue identificar factores causales de la explotación sexual comercial en la infancia y la adolescencia en Colombia. Para ello se analizaron tres casos de estudio: Medellín, Sincelejo y Magangué. Se realizaron talleres y se aplicaron encuestas en cada una de las ciudades en Instituciones gubernamentales encargadas de intervenir el fenómeno y en algunas instituciones educativas, con la participación de funcionarios, profesionales, docentes, directivos y estudiantes. Para el análisis de datos se realizó una matriz explicativa con la participación de 4 jurados. Las categorías de análisis fueron factores medioambientales, familiares e individuales.

Recently, in our country, chemical castration has called the attention of politicians once again as a possible measure to reduce rape and sexual abuse of childs. Chemical castration, a therapy mediated by pharmacological treatment, has been used for 50 years in some countries against those sentenced for sexual crimes. Chemical castration reduces androgen levels but it is reversible after the end of the therapy. Androgens, particularly testosterone, can modulate almost all aspects of sexual behavior thanks to the wide distribution of their receptors throughout the brain. Therefore, it is expected that androgen reduction through chemical castration can reverse atypical and aggressive sexual behaviors that are exacerbated in paraphilias, such as pedophilia. The most common medications used in chemical castration to treat paraphilic disorders are synthetic steroid analogs, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists, and GnRH analogs (agonists). Each drug uses a different mechanism of action and has different effects on the physiological and psychological characteristics of paraphilic disorders. In general, the amount and quality of research with these drugs is limited and not enough to support their use. In addition, there are various ethical, legal and logistical complications that should be considered before applying chemical castration. Rather, mental health promotion programs should be developed for people with paraphilia where they can be treated anonymously to avoid criminal behavior. ; Recientemente, en nuestro país, la castración química ha vuelto a llamar la atención de los políticos como posible medida para reducir la violación y el abuso sexual de menores. La castración química, terapia mediada por tratamiento farmacológico, se ha usado desde hace 50 años en algunos países para ser aplicada a sentenciados por delitos sexuales. La castración química da lugar a una reducción de los niveles de andrógenos, pero es reversible al suspender el tratamiento. Los andrógenos, en particular la testosterona, ...

El abuso sexual a menores de edad es un tema que está conmocionando a nuestro país por la violación de los derechos de niños, niñas y adolescentes, con su desenlace en los diferentes actos de violencia que han ocurrido en un sinnúmero de instituciones educativas de la nación en los últimos tiempos. Hay que tener en cuenta que existen muchos antecedentes e información sobre diferentes casos y denuncias que han creado un malestar general en padres de familia y la sociedad ecuatoriana, y que se los relaciona directamente como uno de los grandes fallos dentro del sistema legislativo y educativo, teniendo como principales figuras maliciosas a los docentes. ; The sexual abuse of minors is an issue that is shocking our country because of the violation of the rights of children and adolescents, with its outcome in the different acts of violence that have occurred in a number of educational institutions in the nation in recent times. It must be borne in mind that there is a great deal of background and information on various cases and complaints that have created a general malaise among parents and Ecuadorian society, and that they are directly related to one of the major failures within the legislative and educational system, with teachers as the main malicious figures.

On the 15 June 2007, the Board of Inquiry into the protection of Aboriginal Children form sexual abuse, set up by Northern Territory Government of Australia, release a report entitled Little children are Sacred (LCAS Report). The LCAS Report was commissioned to examine claims of child sexual abuse in remote indigenous communities in the Northern Territory.

The sexual abuse of minors, committed and/or covered-up by priests or members of the Catholic hierarchy, has led to legislative reforms in a number of states to prosecute the failure to report abuse of which priests become aware, including even via sacramental confession. This article aims to elucidate whether State regulations that oblige Catholic priests to break the seal of confession infringe on the right to religious freedom. To this end, the seal of confession, its legal nature and grounding are explored. The legal norms adopted in countries that have codified the mandatory reporting of abuse by the clergy are then analyzed to ascertain the legitimacy of restricting religious freedom by criminalizing the failure to report abuse even at the expense of breaking the seal of confession. ; Los abusos sexuales sobre menores de edad, cometidos o encubiertos por sacerdotes o miembros de la jerarquía católica, han originado reformas legislativas en el derecho de algunos Estados para tipificar la omisión de la denuncia de abusos conocidos por sacerdotes, incluso en la confesión sacramental. Este artículo pretende dilucidar si la normativa estatal que obliga al sacerdote católico a quebrantar el sigilo de confesión infringe el derecho fundamental de libertad religiosa. Para ello se examina el sigilo de confesión, su naturaleza jurídica y justificación. Después se analizan las normas jurídicas de los países que han regulado la denuncia obligatoria de abusos por parte del clero para, finalmente, estudiar la legitimidad de la restricción de la libertad religiosa que supone el delito de omisión del deber de denuncia del sacerdote, aun a costa del sigilo de confesión.