This paper argues that an evolutionary approach to policy-making, which emphasizes openness to change and political variety, is particularly compatible with the central tenets of classical liberalism. The chief reasons are that classical liberalism acknowledges the ubiquity of uncertainty, as well as heterogeneity in preferences and beliefs, and generally embraces gradual social and economic change that arises from accidental variation rather than deliberate, large-scale planning. In contrast, our arguments cast doubt on a different claim, namely that classical liberalism is particularly compatible with the evolutionary biological heritage of humans.
"Imperial tombs, Buddhist architecture, palaces, and art treasures in Korea and Japan have attracted scholars, collectors, and conservators--and millions of tourists. As iconic markers of racial and cultural identity at home and abroad, they are embraced as tangible sources of immense national pride and popular "must-see" destinations.This book provides the first sustained account to highlight how the forces of modernity, nationalism, colonialism, and globalization have contributed to the birth of museums, field disciplines, tourist industries, and heritage management policies. Its chapters trace the history of explorations, preservations, and reconstructions of archaeological monuments from an interregional East Asian comparative perspective in the past century.Hyung Il Pai is professor of East Asian languages and cultural studies at the University of California, Santa Barbara. She is the author of Constructing Korean Origins."Any scholar interested in the politics of culture in imperial Japan or colonial Korea will want this book on his or her shelf." --Robert Oppenheim, University of Texas at Austin"--
1 Introduction -- 2 The Greek Heritage in Economic Thought -- The Old Art of Political Economy -- 3 Biblical and Early Judeo-Christian Thought: Genesis to Augustine -- Some Socioeconomic Aspects of Judaic Thought -- 4 Islamic Economic Thought -- Continuity and Change in Islamic Economic Thought -- 5 Scholastic Economics -- Scholastic Economics -- 6 The Development of Mercantilist Economic Thought -- The Language of Mercantilism -- 7 In Search of Economic Order: French Predecessors of Adam Smith -- The International Foundations of Classical Political Economy in the Eighteenth Century: An Alternative Perspective -- 8 The Scottish Enlightenment and Political Economy -- The Scottish Enlightenment: Evaluation of Origins.
We propose here to examine the processes of metropolisation and how it is influencing the concepts of city and the consequent concept of urban heritage. The practices of Western Cities define what we mean by urban heritage today. Both the question of spatiality, as well as the city's relationship with the surrounding territory and its specificity compared to the countryside were important for the emergence of urban institutions and architectural, politics, religious, cultural, military and housing shapes that composed them. The urban organization itself sets the historical epochs of the city, since the ruins of classical antiquity until the industrial revolution and modern urbanism, including the medieval times. The whole urban web is often seen as a feature of its own, which defines a cultural identity. Therefore, many cities, due to their history and "urban identity" were classified by UNESCO as a World Heritage Sites, as is the case of the city of Porto and Guimarães, right next to us. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
The dowry institution, since its most ancient practices, is an interesting testing ground of the relationship between husband and wife and, more generally, between man and woman. It attests the original foundation of the dowry heritage, along with the practice of dowry restitution, when the marriage ends. In Roman law two different dowry systems developed: the dos adventicia and the dos profecticia. In the classical age they both suffered important changes as compared with the archaic law. These changes entailed a progressive increasing of the dowry restitution to the wife and its subtraction from the husband's assets, in case of marriage dissolution. Even more favorable to women and to the recognition of their heritage dowry ownership was the legislation of the different Greek poleis, as showed by the law of Gortyn. ; In fact, a Modestino's passage, reported in D. 31.34.7, particularly shows the difference between Roman and Greek dowry systems. It testifies that, in provincial law, the woman's legal position was granted favors, in case of wife's premature death. At the same time, it discloses the novelty of the 3rd Century AD Roman jurist's interpretation. That is, Modestino resolutely accepts to solve a ictu oculi case, whose principles were different from those he normally applied, and he accepts its outcomes too, although in stark contrast to the established civil Roman practice. So, the woman civil status improves, as wives are acknowledged free and leading patrimonial subjectivity
In this survey of the great exponents of the classical tradition, Vincent Bladen examines the thought and works of Adam Smith, T.R. Malthus, Henry Thornton, David Ricardo, J.S. Mill, Karl Marx, W.S. Jevons, Alfred Marshall, and John Maynard Keynes, and relates their views to modern situations
To encourage the incorporation of postmodern perspectives into postcolonial Marxism, the development of Marxist philosophy in the Indian academic context since 1947 is examined. Marxist thought in India was originally economistic, but has been influenced by the country's revolutionary communist movement of the 1960s. The emergence of the Subaltern Studies school of Marxist thought, which, following Antonio Gramsci, criticizes classical Marxism for its insufficient emphasis on the specificity of ideology, is described, & limitations inherent in the structuralist framework of the Subaltern school are analyzed from a postmodern perspective. Three topics are discusssed: (1) the nature of the agrarian mode of production & peasant consciousness; (2) the nature of Indian nationalism in the context of Western hegemony; & (3) the postcolonial subject positions of oppressed populations. 19 References. J. Ferrari
Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Introduction- Negotiating Ownership Claims: Changing Attitudes toward Cultural Property -- Part I: Contested Physical Culture -- 1. The Politics of Archaeology: Heritage, Ownership, and Repatriation -- 2. The Trial of Marion True and Changing Policies for Classical Antiquities in American Museums: Appendix: Art Repatriated to Italy and Greece through 2010 -- 3. The Salamanca Papers: A Cultural Property Episode in Post-Franco Spain -- Part II: Shared Stewardship -- 4. Language Ownership and Language Ideologies
This volume of collected studies in classical Arabic literature and Islam opens a window into the fascinating world of medieval Muslim scholarship. It explores issues in the intellectual heritage of Islam, which have universal appeal and are, therefore, of interest to both specialist and non-specialist readers alike.
The Meccan prison of 'Abdallah b. al-Zubayr and the imprisonment of Muhammad b. al-Hanafiyya / Sean W. Anthony -- Fragments of three Umayyad official documents / Fred M. Donner -- Single isnads or riwayas quoted books in Ibn 'Asakir's tarjama of Tamim al-dari / Jens Scheiner -- Friendship in the service of governance: makarim al-akhlaq in Abbasid political culture / Paul l. Heck -- Prinzen, Prinzessinnen, Konkubinen und Eunuchen am fatimidischen Hof / Heinz Halm -- A new Latin-Arabic document from Norman Sicily (November 595 h/1198 -- Ce) / Nadia Jamil and Jeremy Johns -- Religion, law, and Islamic thought: The rhetorical Qur'an or orality as a theologumenon / Angelika Neuwirth -- The "shearing of forelocks" as a penitential rite / Marion Holmes Katz -- Authority in Ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani's Kitab al-nawadir wa-l-ziyadat: 'Ala ma fi l-mudawwana min ghayriha min al-ummahat: the case of "the Chapter of judgments" (kitab al-aqdiya) / Mohammad Fadel -- A segment of the genealogy of sunni hadith criticism: the mysterious relationship between al-Khatib al-Baghdadi and al-Hakim al-Naysaburi / Jonathan Brown -- Al-hakim al-Naysaburi and the companions of the Prophet: an original Sunni voice in the Shi'i century / Scott C. Lucas -- Ibn Rushd and Thomas Aquinas on education / Sebastian Gunther -- Teaching the learned: Jalal al-Din al-Dawani's ijaza to mu'ayyadzada : 'Abd al-Rahman Efendi and the circulation of knowledge between Fars and the Ottoman empire at the turn of the sixteenth century / Judith Pfeiffer -- Scholars in networks: 'Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulusi and his travels / John O. Voll -- Rhetorics of revival: al-Ghazali and his modern heirs / Kenneth Garden -- Language, literature, and heritage -- Grammarians on the af'al al-muqaraba: steps in the sources towards a subdivision of operants / Ramzi Baalbaki -- Reflections on the lives and deaths of two Umayyad poets: Layla al-Akhyaliyya and Tawba b. al-Humayyir / Aram A. Shahin -- Literature and thought: re-reading al-Tawhidi's transcription of the debate between logic and grammar / Wen-chin Ouyang -- The play of genre: a maqama of "ease after hardship" from the eighth/fourteenth century and its literary context / Maurice A. Pomerantz -- What's in a Mamluk picture? the hall of portraiture at the cairo Citadel remembered / Guo -- In defense of the use of Qur'an in adab: Ibn Abi l-Lutf's raf' al-iltibas 'an munkir al-iqtibas / Bilal Orfali -- Modes of existence of the poetry in the Arabian Nights / Wolfhart Heinrichs -- Modern Arabic literature and Islam / Stefan Wild -- Abraham and the sacrificial son: transtextual strategies in Jose Saramago's the gospel according to Jesus Christ and Elias Khoury's As though she were sleeping / Maher Jarrar -- The ideological and epistemological: contemporary readings in Arabo-Islamic classical heritage (turath) / Ridwan al-Sayyid (translated by Eman Morsi)
The article will analyze the principal problems concerning research on the cultural heritage of displaced communities in Europe from the perspective of the Vlach minority. Based on the field research conducted in several countries of Europe (e.g. Greece, Macedonia, Romania, Ukraine, Slovakia and Poland), I will present the main classification of the Vlach tangible heritage with special attention paid to the most important cultural monuments, including religious building developments (churches, icons, small religious architecture). I will portray the difficulties found in protecting this heritage and the role of cultural institutions in its preservation and exposition. It can be stated that the example of the Vlachs perfectly illustrates the complex processes related to cultures which were overwhelmingly subjugated by their neighbours and lost the fight. A neighbour, usually representing the culture of the majority, was stronger culturally, economically, politically and often militarily. The article focuses on the phenomena which classical anthropology used to inspect, claiming that its role is to protect what is fading into oblivion. Thus, the analysis of the Vlach culture presented herein refers to a much wider reflection, which is a synergy of ethnography, ethnology and cultural anthropology, and to the critical studies on heritage which are emerging in Poland. ; The article will analyze the principal problems concerning research on the cultural heritage of displaced communities in Europe from the perspective of the Vlach minority. Based on the field research conducted in several countries of Europe (e.g. Greece, Macedonia, Romania, Ukraine, Slovakia and Poland), I will present the main classification of the Vlach tangible heritage with special attention paid to the most important cultural monuments, including religious building developments (churches, icons, small religious architecture). I will portray the difficulties found in protecting this heritage and the role of cultural institutions in its preservation and exposition. It can be stated that the example of the Vlachs perfectly illustrates the complex processes related to cultures which were overwhelmingly subjugated by their neighbours and lost the fight. A neighbour, usually representing the culture of the majority, was stronger culturally, economically, politically and often militarily. The article focuses on the phenomena which classical anthropology used to inspect, claiming that its role is to protect what is fading into oblivion. Thus, the analysis of the Vlach culture presented herein refers to a much wider reflection, which is a synergy of ethnography, ethnology and cultural anthropology, and to the critical studies on heritage which are emerging in Poland.
Reclaiming the Past examines the post-antique history of Argos and how the city's archaeological remains have been perceived and experienced since the late eighteenth century by both local residents and foreign visitors to the Greek Peloponnese. The first western visitors to Argos—a city continuously inhabited for six millennia—invariably expected to encounter landscapes described in classical texts—yet what they found fell far short of those expectations. At the same time, local meanings attributed to ancient sites reflected an understanding of the past at odds with the supposed expertise of classically educated outsiders. Jonathan M. Hall details how new views of Argos emerged after the Greek War of Independence (1821–1830) with the adoption of national narratives connecting the newly independent kingdom to its ancient Hellenic past. With rising local antiquarianism at the end of the nineteenth century, new tensions surfaced between conserving the city's archaeological heritage and promoting urban development. By carefully assessing the competing knowledge claims between insiders and outsiders over Argos's rich history, Reclaiming the Past addresses pressing questions about who owns the past
In this survey of the great exponents of the classical tradition, Vincent Bladen examines the thought and works of Adam Smith, T.R. Malthus, Henry Thornton, David Ricardo, J.S. Mill, Karl Marx, W.S. Jevons, Alfred Marshall, and John Maynard Keynes, and relates their views to modern situations.
The dowry institution, since its most ancient practices, is an interesting testing ground of the relationship between husband and wife and, more generally, between man and woman. It attests the original foundation of the dowry heritage, along with the practice of dowry restitution, when the marriage ends. In Roman law two different dowry systems developed: the dos adventicia and the dos profecticia. In the classical age they both suffered important changes as compared with the archaic law. These changes entailed a progressive increasing of the dowry restitution to the wife and its subtraction from the husband's assets, in case of marriage dissolution. Even more favorable to women and to the recognition of their heritage dowry ownership was the legislation of the different Greek poleis, as showed by the law of Gortyn. In fact, a Modestino's passage, reported in D. 31.34.7, particularly shows the difference between Roman and Greek dowry systems. It testifies that, in provincial law, the woman's legal position was granted favors, in case of wife's premature death. At the same time, it discloses the novelty of the 3rd Century AD Roman jurist's interpretation. That is, Modestino resolutely accepts to solve a ictu oculi case, whose principles were different from those he normally applied, and he accepts its outcomes too, although in stark contrast to the established civil Roman practice. So, the woman civil status improves, as wives are acknowledged free and leading patrimonial subjectivity.
This unique edited volume offers a distinctive theoretical perspective and advanced insights into how music is impacted by the interaction of global forces with local conditions. As the first major book to apply the timely notion of ""glocality"" to music, this collection features robust scholarship on genres and practices from many corners of the world: from studies of European opera professions and the oeuvre of several contemporary art music composers, to music in Uzbekistan and Indonesia, urban street musicians, and even the didjeridoo. The authors interrogate theories of glocalization, dis