Suchergebnisse

In recent years Latin America has become the principal source of narcotic drugs on the illicit United States market. Five of the nine countries granted top-priority status in State Department narcopolitics are located in Latin America. Mexico, having earlier supplied 80% of the heroin used by American addicts, is currently the source of approximately 40% of the drug. Coca grown primarily in Bolivia and Peru, shipped through Ecuador, and processed into cocaine in Colombia monopolizes the world market. In the wake of Mexico's highly successful herbicide campaign, Colombian marijuana has come to dominate the American pot scene. And again in response to U.S. demand, Colombia has become the world's foremost manufacturer of illicit methaqualone.

Colombian-Americans are people of Colombian descent (both immigrants and native born) who reside in the United States. Colombian immigrants were some of the first South Americans to settle in the United States (likely around the mid-19th century), and in the early 21st century, they make up the largest immigrant population from South America (about one million). The first identifiable Colombian immigrant communities were established in New York City after World War I. New York City and Miami have had the largest Colombian populations—following the general trend of South American migrants to reside mostly on the East Coast. Studies have examined the experience of Colombian-Americans dealing with the effects of demographic characteristics, immigration, the stigma of drug trafficking, levels of assimilation and acculturation, settlement locales, politics and political participation, language, US-Colombian relations, and culture. Although Colombian-Americans are the largest South American ethnic group in the United States, and are unique in many respects, studies often lump them under the "Latino" or "Hispanic" label, include them among a number of other groups, or exclude them altogether. This cursory treatment, in terms of broad categorization, is not unique to Colombian-Americans (most Latino-origin groups are labeled this way), but it does make it more difficult to disentangle the literature that may apply to or that examines this particular group.

According to the author, despite the great difficulty in separating international diversification from capital flight, the size and variance of these capital exports from developing countries have become a matter of increasing concern. Using two different methods, the author attempts to measure Colombian capital flight and drug trade and discusses adjustments to the established patterns and estimates

Chapter I. Introduction ; classification of colonies ; oppression of spanish colonies ; comparison between colonies of England and Spain ; attempts of Miranda ; revolution in Venezuela ; earthquake at Caracas ; death of Miranda ; revolutionary war ; Morillo ; his sanguinary conduct ; battles of Bargas and Boyacá ; armistice ; battle of Carabobo ; capture of Maracaybo ; Bolívar -- Chapter II : narrative of a Campaign ; english expeditions ; colonels hippisley, Macdonald, Wilson, Skene, Cambell, Gilmour, Elsom ; generals english, Macgregor, D´Evereux -- Chapter III : union of New Granada and Venezuela ; Republic of Colombia ; its constitution ; laws relative to comerce and finance ; encouragement to settlers ; agricultural company ; exclusive privileges ; steam-boats on the Magdalena ; the Orinoco ; the lake of Maracaybo ; sociedad emprendadora -- Chapter IV : territorial divisions of Colombia ; population of provinces ; congress ; army ; navy ; privateers ; Cuba ; foreign and domestic debt -- Chapter V : natural wealth of Colombia ; cordilleras ; their effect upon character of population ; and climate ; agriculture ; cacao ; coffee ; indigo ; cotton ; tobacco ; dyewoods ; rice ; sugar ; whet ; pastoral wealt ; cultivation of the vine ; obstructions to agricultural industry -- Chapter VI : mineral productions of Colombia ; gold ; silver ; platina ; mercury ; cooper ; lead ; iron ; coal ; rock-salt ; mining companies : Bolívar ; Colombian ; Carthagena ; and Anglo-Colombian ; pearl fishery ; conclusion ; 336 p.