Suchergebnisse

How can we grasp global communication issues when the term communication internationale is being instrumentalized by a most diverse range of actors? By contrast, Lire la communication-monde au xxie siècle offers a structured reading of contemporary cross-border issues, to the point of decentring.

Companies, political parties and media use statistics to refine their communications strategy. But, are the statistical analyses not a pharmakon for the communication, that his at the same time a tool to communicate better and an obstacle to the communication? Indeed, the statistics are based on anthropological and epistemological's assumptions which are incompatible with the understanding of the communication: fixism, positivism, quantification, simplification, determinism, predictability. In spite of these presuppositions, isn't it possible to find an approach of the statistics applied to the communication?

This paper studies the techno culture of acceleration from a sociological and genealogical perspective. It is a question of micro-power that transforms the social network Utopia into an autorestrainted Dystopia. The synchronisation with the others leads us to a communication flux 24/7. Therefore, the right to communicate throughout the social network becomes a horizontal implied must in order to join in the multiples conversations in real time. The permanent actualisation becomes a necessity and the user a time consumer. In a society where time is accelerated, communication turns structurally into incommunication.

How to theorize communication in social sciences? This text has two goals. First, to rely on the work of Louis Quéré, revealing the strengths and weaknesses of the two dominant models of two dominant models: an epistemological model enrolling the theory of information and cybernetics in an instrumental aim; a political model that aims at inter-understanding at the service of self-determination of the citizens in the elaboration of norms that govern them. Moreover, we wish to add to this review, two models which go beyond the limits of the first two approaches: a praxeological model that relies on praxis as an organizing activity of shared perspectives; a model of incommunication that reverses the situation and makes the impossibility of achieving intercomprehension the norm.

The current evils of the scholars and researchers are the consequence of a dysfunctional communication system. The incompatibility between the spirit of the laws and its mode of application illustrate a worrying retreat of the democratic principles. The university is the mirror of the political system.

The article presents an experiment we made to investigate the effects of HIV/AIDS communication campaigns using "mini-acts" accomplished via Internet. Based on the theories of persuasive and committing communication, the results, which are based on nearly 200 participants, show effects on attitude accessibility and behavior towards AIDS prevention. The article emphasizes the theorical and methodological implications for research in Information and Communication Sciences.

This articles aims to highlight the issues, challenges and constraints of intelligence studies considering the notion of cryptic space, understood as a "secret space of communication within which the individual is exempt from the requirements and constraints of secrecy "(Bulinge, 2002). This article aims to highlight two ways for social research in the field of intelligence. In particular, we will show that the multiple dimensions of information can be addressed by researchers without prejudice to the constraints related to the preservation of secrecy. In other words, secrecy as a part of intelligence is not a barrier for intelligence studies.

This paper describes the added value of an interdisciplinary and experimental approach applied to an analysis of the inter-organizational communication of influence. The field analyzed is the international industrial standardization of societal security. A communicational problem has been investigated with an experimental method based on natural language processing and knowledge management tools. The purpose of the methodological framework is to clarify the way international standards are designed and the policies that are supported by these standards. Furthermore, strategies of influence of public and private stakeholders involved in the NGOs which produce these texts have also been studied. The means of inter-organizational communication between organizations (companies or governmental authorities) and NGOs can be compared to the lobbying developed in the context of the construction of Europe and globalization. Understanding the prescriptive process has become a crucial issue for States, organizations and citizens. This research contributes to the critical assessment of the new industrial policies currently being developed from the point of view of their characteristics and the way they have been designed.

This paper proposes to discuss the theoretical and methodological issues applied to the study of immersive environments in information and communication sciences. Environments considered are digital devices that generate more or less strong effects of immersion (virtual reality, augmented reality, serious games, etc..). The authors question the renewal of a constructivist and ethno-methodological posture that will be put into test in various experiments. The paper concludes with an illustration of a methodology currently being tested on an industrial project.

This paper examines the influence that land use conflicts have on adherences to environmental ideas and values. By referring to a case study and emerging from the obligation to argue about what stakeholders encounter, the author analyses different processes. These processes lead to disseminate environmental values and ideas as they reinforce the commitment to pro-environmental attitudes. The epistemic dimension of debates can nevertheless exert a counter-effect on these processes.

Charity communication campaigns, essential for humanitarian and charitable organizations to raise funds, use persuasive messages to get the general public to support them financially. However, in spite of the fundamental stakes of these campaigns, in the literature no research has been carried out on the social representations that the producers mobilize when they conceive the messages. Conducted from eighteen campaign producers for charitable and humanitarian organizations, this qualitative survey aims to better understand how persuasive messages are designed. The results show that producers create naive causal theories about the psychological effects caused by different persuasive processes. The fundamentally different social representations between experienced and less experienced producers lead them to conceive openly different messages. They concern reception and influence, the perceived receivers, their motivation, the degree of complexity of the message and the types of affects that the latter must generate. After discussing the scientific validity of social representations in the light of experimental research on persuasive communication, we give some recommendations to producers, indicate the limitations and new research perspectives.

The action-research Ecogestes aimed at improving the communication strategy used by the « ambassadors of the sea » to promote Mediterranean littoral preservation behaviors among sea users. With an experimental approach, a new methodology was devised and its impact was evaluated. Throughout the presentation of this action-research, we will illustrate the way researchers chose to control experimental variables and reduce noise in observed effects.

Because the organization has been, since a long time ago, analyzed as an open system, it necessarily includes communicational problematics which transcend it. Key issues that the organization reflects refers too to issues, ever discussed in other places. For example, the development of interactive corporate sites challenges the definition of public spaces, which has already been questioned for its symbolic dimension, reduced to the level of an event democracy, for example in the case territorial communication. Interactivity proclaimed still raises the question of the exploitation of the diversity displayed by the company, the French pragmatic sociology has already critically debated the intentionality and reference to the connectionist society within the project-based-City. In some ways convincing with regard to the application of scientific tools already tested elsewhere, analogies let open, however, the question of modeling, when the environment is playing along with its own cultural characteristics, as it is in the case of business sites in Tunisia.

If the Catholic Church experiences difficulties in today's world of 'hyper-communication' and 24/7 media pressure, esoteric religious language or generalised misuse of the media may not be the only factors to blame. This paper is based on the hypothesis that the reasons run more deeply into the communications ethos of the Catholic Church itself. More precisely, the paper contends that the Church's communication in the social sphere cannot totally escape the principle of secrecy. This is not to say that there is one particular secret which the Church wishes to keep, rather that the whole Catholic tradition is marked by a culture and practice of secrecy, as shown through such examples as the Seven Seals of The Apocalypse, the Holy Secret of Confession, the Three Secrets of Fatima, meetings held systematically behind closed doors, etc. This contribution will analyse this communicational ethos based on the value of secrecy and on its corollary: mystery, through acts of enunciation involving texts, actors' strategies, semiotically-charged scenes and everything which helps set the "stage" for a typical instance of religious communication.

This cult of secrecy, as far as it can be identified, enters inevitably into conflict with the value of transparency. The dialectical relationship between secrecy and transparency leads us to focus our analysis on the tension between the Church's desire to respect secrecy, to retain information and to remain silent, and the demands of visibility immediacy and openness we associate with information-based society.