Suchergebnisse

The Supreme Court of Tennessee has been faced with few major Constitutional Law problems during the period under consideration. Statistically, the action of the Court in invalidating one law out of almost a score that were attacked before it on the basis of constitutional defect suggests an attitude of judicial restraint toward the product of a coordinate branch of government. The relatively small number of constitutional questions raised-- and many of them were obviously make-weight rather than points of principal reliance-- suggests a general awareness of the Court's stability and the unlikelihood of its departing from established precedent. Similarly, regard for the precedent established in Plessy v. Ferguson, with its "separate but equal" doctrine, was a major factor in the decision of two federal district courts in Tennessee involving alleged deprivation of constitutional rights in the furnishing of educational and recreational facilities to Negroes. It was not a year for the expansion or contraction of doctrines of constitutionality previously established, although in one instance at least it appears that some "new law" was made.

In 1970 Belgium established three Communities: the French, Flemish and German-speaking Communities. It was then in 1980 that three regions were set up: Walloon, Flemish and Brussels. Further amendments to the Constitution were made on 7 and 15 July 1988, as well as a special law of 8 August 1988 amending the original law of 8 August 1980. It is essential to say that most of the changes and principles governing the organisation and functioning of both the three Communities and the three regions date back to 1970 and 1980. The international nature of the Community's role in 1970 is significant. In 1980, an Arbitration Court was provided for by the Constitution and established to settle conflicts between the laws and decrees of the Communities and the Regions. The Federal State is characterised by two features: autonomy and co-operation. In 1988, the Arbitration Court continued the work of constitutional justice and verifies the conformity of laws or decrees with the provisions of international law and in particular European law. ; En 1970 la Belgique a instauré trois Communautés : les Communautés française, flamande et germanophone. Puis c'est en 1980 que se sont mises en place trois Régions : wallonne, flamande et bruxelloise. De nouveaux amendements à la Constitution ont été faits le 7 et le 15 juillet 1988, ainsi qu'une loi spéciale du 8 août 1988 qui est venue modifier la loi originale du 8 août 1980. Il est indispensable de dire que l'essentiel des changements et des principes d'organisation et de fonctionnement des trois Communautés aussi bien que des trois Régions datent de 1970 et de 1980. Le caractère international du rôle que les Communautés ont joué en 1970 est significatif. En 1980, une Cour d'arbitrage a été prévue par la Constitution et créée afin de régler les conflits entre les lois et les décrets des Communautés et des Régions. L'Etat fédéral se caractérise par deux traits : l'autonomie et la co-opération. En 1988 la Cour d'arbitrage poursuit l'oeuvre de justice constitutionnelle et vérifie la ...

"Constitutional Law" published on by Oxford University Press.

The impact of EU membership on the UK constitution has been profound. In the Miller (Article 50) case, the Supreme Court described the effect of the European Communities Act 1972 (ECA) – the means by which EU membership was given effect within the UK – as being unprecedented in constitutional terms. Not only did it provide for a new source of law, and a new constitutional process for making law in the UK, it also fundamentally changed the UK's system of government and the way in which we think about the location and exercise of public power.

The authors survey the recent developments in Florida constitutional law, focusing on the powers and duties of the three branches of state government. Their discussion includes an analysis of the recent constitutional amendment modifying the jurisdiction of the supreme court.

Chapter 1. Introduction: The City as a Multifaceted and Dynamic Constitutional Entity -- Part I: Cities within national power structures -- Chapter 2 Cities and the Dutch Constitution -- Chapter 3. Modes of Urban Autonomy: The Constitutional Characteristics of Self-Governance in Amsterdam, Paris, and Hamburg -- Chapter 4. Reanimating Brussels: The Beating Heart of the Belgian Federation -- Chapter 5. How much Local Autonomy is Good for a City? An Analysis of the Peruvian Constitutional Design for Cities and its Effects in the Case of the Lima Metropolitan Area -- Chapter 6 Comparative Constitutional Politics in Hong Kong and Macau under Chinese Sovereignty -- Chapter 7. A Tale of Three Cities: The City in German Constitutional Law -- Part II: Cities and citizens -- Chapter 8. The Constitution and the City -- Chapter 9. Urban Governance and the Right to a Healthy City -- Chapter 10. Topical Storm Approaching: Regulating Public Assemblies and Responding to Online Falsehoods in the City-state of Singapore -- Chapter 11. The City of London: Dominance, Democracy, and the Rule of Law? -- Part III: Cities and the international arena -- Chapter 12 Accelerating Cities, Constitutional Brakes -- Chapter 13. European Cities between Self-Government and Subordination: Their Role as Policy-Takers and Policy-Makers -- Part IV: Constitutional law in the age of the city -- Chapter 14. Urbanization, Megacities, Constitutional Silence -- Chapter 15. Redrawing the Boundaries of City Governance: Preliminary Lines of Inquiry into Metropolitan Cities, Socio-Economic Challenges and Constitutional Law.

1. Introduction -- 2. Does the UK have a constitution? -- 3. Sources of UK constitutional law -- 4. Analysing the UK constitution -- 5. Parliament's functions and make-up -- 6. Parliamentary sovereignty -- 7. Government's relationship with Parliament -- 8. Government and the courts -- 9. Human Rights Act 1998 and the European Convention on Human Rights -- 10. Police powers and public order -- 11. Preparing for your examination.

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- The Author -- Table of Contents -- List of Abbreviations -- General Introduction -- 1. An Outline of Bulgarian Constitutional History -- 2. Characteristics of the Bulgarian State -- I. Parliamentary Republic -- II. Unitary State with Local Self-Government -- III. Popular Sovereignty and Democracy -- IV. The Separation of Powers -- V. Rechtsstaat, Constitutionalism and the Rule of Law -- VI. Welfare State -- 3. State Territory, Population and Demographics -- Part I. Sources of Constitutional Law -- Chapter 1. The Constitution -- 1. Characteristics -- 2. Amending the Constitution -- I. A Two-Track Procedure -- II. The Role of the Constitutional Court in Delimiting the Competences Between the Grand National Assembly and the National Assembly -- III. Constitutional Amendment by Forms of Direct Democracy -- IV. Entrenched Clause -- V. The Constitutional Amendments Which Have Already Been Accomplished -- 3. Hierarchy -- Chapter 2. Treaties -- 1. The Treaty-Making Power: Types of International Treaties According to the Bulgarian Constitutional Law -- 2. Hierarchy -- 3. System for Implementation of the International Treaties -- 4. Mixed Agreements Concluded Jointly by the EU and Its Member States and Third Parties -- Chapter 3. Legislation -- 1. Types of Legislation -- I. Acts of Parliament -- II. Special Majority Acts -- III. Reasons for the Lack of Delegated Legislation -- IV. Reasons for the Lack of Subnational Legislation -- 2. Hierarchy -- Chapter 4. Case Law -- Chapter 5. Unwritten Law -- 1. Conventions -- 2. General Principles of Law -- Chapter 6. Administrative Regulations and Orders -- 1. Classification -- 2. Hierarchy -- Chapter 7. Codification, Interpretation and Publication -- 1. Codification -- 2. Interpretation -- 3. Publication -- Part II. Form of Government.

Originally published in 1955, this book by legal historian Bernard Schwartz presents the workings of American constitutional law for a non-American audience. Schwartz explains in the preface that 'essential to an understanding of the United States is some knowledge of the American system of constitutional law. For it is no exaggeration to say that the Federal Constitution is the fulcrum upon which American institutions turn.' This book will be of value to legal historians and anyone with an interest in the American legal system.