The article deals with the peculiarities of the construction contract and the contract for capital construction. The article provides an analysis of the current legislation for the comparison of these contracts. The author outlined the main differences between the legal regulation of compared contracts, as well as their common features. It was emphasized that the Soviet Union's doctrine of civil law featured a scientific discussion on the relation between the construction contract and contract for capital construction. Therefore, it was noted that the contracting parties are the biggest difference between the construction contract and the contract for capital construction. However, the Soviet Union's doctrine and law are not in force now, so scientific views on the relation between the construction contract and the contract for capital construction changed radically. Now scientists feature another provision for the differentiation between these contracts. The author established that the contract of capital construction differs from the construction contract. Firstly, the definition of these two contracts formulated differently in the Civil Code of Ukraine and the Commercial Code. Secondly, the contract for capital construction has the provision for the customer's consent to the accession of a subcontracting party. Thirdly, the Commercial Code of Ukraine contains a larger list of essential conditions than the Civil Code of Ukraine. Next distinguishing feature is the limitation period; the Commercial Code of Ukraine contains more differentiated terms of limitation in comparison with the Civil Code of Ukraine. Also, the author defines other distinction between contracts, such as the price; approximate estimate; liability of the parties for non-performance or improper performance of the contract; the rights and obligations of the contractor and the customer. The common features of these two contracts are their bilateral, paid and consensual character; also the contractor and the customer stand as parties to the ...
Urgency of the research. There is a high need for market-based indicators of the cost and duration of construction work. The studied normative documents have significant drawbacks, in particular the high complexity of the recommended methods and the lack of statistical justification for the accuracy of the labor standardization studies. Developing a method to address these shortcomings is effective from a social, economic and technical point of view.Target setting. It becomes inappropriate to centralize labor cost regulation by government agencies in a market economy, so any enterprise in Ukraine is interested in a method of labor standardization that would have low complexity of use, high adaptability to organizational construction conditions, and precision for engineering and economic calculations.Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. The existing normative documents for setting labor standards were considered, known methods of norming were analyzed.Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. It is important to develop a labor standardization method that would be less time consuming, more accurate and statistically valid. This can be achieved by combining summary and research methods of labor standardization using mathematical statistics.The research objective. Development of labor standardization method of the construction work cost on the basis of the most effective methods, the accuracy and number of field experiments of which is substantiated by statistical methods.The statement of basic materials. Multicriteria analysis of labor standardization methods allows choosing the most effective method, based on information sources, including importance ranking of indicators. A technique is proposed that represents a combination of summary and research methods with a statistical justification for the full-scale studies number.Conclusions. The proposed method allows justifying the accuracy, reducing the complexity of labor standards developing. ; Актуальність теми дослідження. Є висока необхідність наявності ринково обґрунтованих показників вартості та тривалості виконання будівельних робіт. Вивчені нормативні документи мають суттєві недоліки, зокрема високу трудомісткість методів, що рекомендуються, та відсутність статистичного обґрунтування точності досліджень з нормування. Розробка методу з усуненням зазначених недоліків є ефективною із соціального, економічного та технічного погляду.Постановка проблеми. В умовах ринкової економіки стає недоцільним централізоване нормування витрат праці державними установами, тому будь-яке підприємство в Україні є зацікавленим у методі нормування, який би мав низьку трудомісткість використання, високу адаптивність до організаційних умов будівництва та достатню для інженерних та економічних розрахунків точність.Аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій. Були розглянуті чинні нормативні документи зі встановлення норм праці, проаналізовані відомі методи нормування.Виділення недосліджених частин загальної проблеми. Актуальним є розробка методу нормування, що був би менш трудомістким, більш точним та статистично обґрунтованим. Цього можливо досягти за рахунок комбінування сумарних та дослідницьких методів нормування із використанням методів математичної статистики.Постановка завдання. Розробка методики нормування витрат праці будівельних робіт на основі найбільш ефективних методів, точність та кількість натурних дослідів якої обґрунтована статистичними методами.Виклад основного матеріалу. Багатокритеріальний аналіз методів нормування дає змогу на основі інформаційних джерел вибрати найбільш ефективний метод, у тому числі за допомогою ранжування важливості показників. Запропонована методика, що являє собою комбінацію сумарних і дослідницьких методів зі статистичним обґрунтуванням кількості натурних досліджень трудомісткості.Висновки відповідно до статті. Запропонована методика дозволяє обґрунтувати точність, знизити трудовитрати розробки норм праці.
Urgency of the research. There is a high need for market-based indicators of the cost and duration of construction work. The studied normative documents have significant drawbacks, in particular the high complexity of the recommended methods and the lack of statistical justification for the accuracy of the labor standardization studies. Developing a method to address these shortcomings is effective from a social, economic and technical point of view.Target setting. It becomes inappropriate to centralize labor cost regulation by government agencies in a market economy, so any enterprise in Ukraine is interested in a method of labor standardization that would have low complexity of use, high adaptability to organizational construction conditions, and precision for engineering and economic calculations.Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. The existing normative documents for setting labor standards were considered, known methods of norming were analyzed.Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. It is important to develop a labor standardization method that would be less time consuming, more accurate and statistically valid. This can be achieved by combining summary and research methods of labor standardization using mathematical statistics.The research objective. Development of labor standardization method of the construction work cost on the basis of the most effective methods, the accuracy and number of field experiments of which is substantiated by statistical methods.The statement of basic materials. Multicriteria analysis of labor standardization methods allows choosing the most effective method, based on information sources, including importance ranking of indicators. A technique is proposed that represents a combination of summary and research methods with a statistical justification for the full-scale studies number.Conclusions. The proposed method allows justifying the accuracy, reducing the complexity of labor standards developing. ; Актуальність теми дослідження. Є висока необхідність наявності ринково обґрунтованих показників вартості та тривалості виконання будівельних робіт. Вивчені нормативні документи мають суттєві недоліки, зокрема високу трудомісткість методів, що рекомендуються, та відсутність статистичного обґрунтування точності досліджень з нормування. Розробка методу з усуненням зазначених недоліків є ефективною із соціального, економічного та технічного погляду.Постановка проблеми. В умовах ринкової економіки стає недоцільним централізоване нормування витрат праці державними установами, тому будь-яке підприємство в Україні є зацікавленим у методі нормування, який би мав низьку трудомісткість використання, високу адаптивність до організаційних умов будівництва та достатню для інженерних та економічних розрахунків точність.Аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій. Були розглянуті чинні нормативні документи зі встановлення норм праці, проаналізовані відомі методи нормування.Виділення недосліджених частин загальної проблеми. Актуальним є розробка методу нормування, що був би менш трудомістким, більш точним та статистично обґрунтованим. Цього можливо досягти за рахунок комбінування сумарних та дослідницьких методів нормування із використанням методів математичної статистики.Постановка завдання. Розробка методики нормування витрат праці будівельних робіт на основі найбільш ефективних методів, точність та кількість натурних дослідів якої обґрунтована статистичними методами.Виклад основного матеріалу. Багатокритеріальний аналіз методів нормування дає змогу на основі інформаційних джерел вибрати найбільш ефективний метод, у тому числі за допомогою ранжування важливості показників. Запропонована методика, що являє собою комбінацію сумарних і дослідницьких методів зі статистичним обґрунтуванням кількості натурних досліджень трудомісткості.Висновки відповідно до статті. Запропонована методика дозволяє обґрунтувати точність, знизити трудовитрати розробки норм праці.
Introduction. The modern development of the world globalization economy is accompanied by natural disasters, and instability of the political system and financial systems. In 2020, this development was significantly affected by the global pandemic COVID-19. These reasons significantly affected the financial results of enterprises. The effects of the economic crisis, especially the pandemic, have been felt by such a fund- building sector of the economy as construction. The development of this field provides additional jobs to companies in other industries. First of all, they include the building materials industry, furniture industry, chemical and machine-building industries. Many problematic issues have accumulated in accounting for the financial results of construction companies which require urgent solutions. They are related to the recognition of costs and revenues in accordance with the requirements of international and national accounting standards, the characteristics of their components, non-compliance with regulatory documents on pricing and accounting of enterprises in the industry, the definition of costs and revenues related to emergencies.The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need to improve the regulatory and legal support of accounting for financial results in construction in view of the changes that have occurred in the social and economic spheres of our state.Methods. The methodological basis of the study was the use of a systematic approach in the process of disclosing problematic aspects of accounting for financial results. The research methods of theoretical generalization, analysis, structural and functional approach were used to identify problem areas of accounting for financial results, while modeling, induction and deduction, and grouping helped to improve the accounting of costs and revenues from emergencies and clarification of sub-accounts and analytical accounts for accounting of financial results. Additionally, with abstract and logical, and comparison methods we substantiated the components of the contract price in construction and improved information support on the amount of net profit from each activity in management accounting. Finally, the results of the study are presented using tabular method. Results. The article analyzes the components of income of construction companies that affect the size of the financial result from the main activity. An improved structure of the contract price for construction projects is proposed, which is consistent with the costs in accordance with the requirements of accounting standards. This characteristic of the current state of accounting for costs and revenues in case of emergency is provided as part of determining the financial results of these events. It is proposed to reflect them as part of other operating expenses and other operating income in the event of loss on damage to current assets due to emergency. Where the construction company has suffered a loss of long-term assets as a result of such events, it is recommended that such losses be summarised in account 97 for "other expenses" and 74 for "other income". It is also proposed to retrain 97 "other costs and investment activities" and 74 "other income- generating investment activities", respectively. It is reasonable to change the names of sub-accounts to account 79 "financial results". It is recommended to charge income tax on each type of activity in order to more accurately determine the net profit. The proposals of scientists to improve the accounting of retained earnings (uncovered losses) are analyzed. Suggestions are made to improve this area accounting for financial results.Prospects for further research. Prospects for further research are the formation of components of income and expenses from all activities of construction companies as elements in the extraction of financial results. This is especially true of income and expenses of the main activities of the construction industry.
Problem setting. The relevance of our study is due to the excessive popularity of the concept of «socio-cultural identity» as a scientific term and tool for studying the postmodern world. As a concept of socio-humanitarian knowledge, it remains one of the most uncertain and at the same time actively used in modern research for theoretical and practical analysis and typology of socio-cultural processes. Understanding the specifics of socio-cultural identity and its formation in postmodern conditions is one of the most relevant and acute topics of modern science, which can provide a full understanding of the essence of this world. Recent research and publications analysis. Representatives of almost all humanities are involved in the discussion about identity. The fundamental development of the concept of sociocultural identity of the postmodern world is contained in the works of J. Habermas, E. Giddens, E. Erickson, A. Etzioni, M. Castells, F. Cassidy, S. Huntington, E. Smith, F. Fukuyama, W. Hesle and etc. Ukrainian researchers have also contributed to understanding the problem of identity. They have a large number of works that are directly or indirectly related to the phenomenon of identity and have such a wide variety of topics that it is not possible to present it exhaustively. A specific feature of their work is the indepth attention to everything related to the national component of socio-cultural identity. The main result of the accumulation of knowledge about socio-cultural identity by the social sciences and humanities is the understanding that adequate research of this phenomenon is possible only in an interdisciplinary space. The tendency to comprehend identity in science persists and in parallel new directions of research are developing – first of all, it is a study of the social construction of identity in the postmodern era. Paper objective. The purpose of our study is resource of the peculiarities of the transformation of socio-cultural identity as an object and subject of social construction, ...
The subject of the research is theoretical, methodological and practically applied aspects of energy saving management at construction enterprises. The purpose of this article is to research and develop theoretical approaches to the strategy of forming a mechanism for managing energy conservation in construction enterprises. Methodology of research. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the legislative and regulatory framework of Ukraine, general scientific methods of research, scientific works of foreign and domestic scientists in the field of energy saving. To achieve this goal and solve the problems of the study, a systematic, logical method, as well as methods of generalization, synthesis and comparison were used. Results of the work. The article defines the essence and economic content of the concept of «strategy», emphasizes that the basic models of strategy formation are set by the competition benchmarks of construction enterprises. It is emphasized that the enterprise strategy from the point of view of the program–target approach is part of the target space of the enterprise. The models of formation and realization of enterprise strategy are analyzed and systematized. Area of results. Economic sector: Economic problems and mechanism of resource and energy saving and production intensification. Conclusions. The article presents the agreed goals of strategy of formation of the mechanism of management of energy saving at construction enterprises is formed. The author proposes a conceptual model of the strategy of formation of the mechanism of energy saving management, which gives the opportunity to reflect the principles and aspects of functioning in the perspective of functional subsystems of a construction enterprise taking into account the influence of environmental factors.
Problem setting. It has always been recognized by different scholars of social sciences that concepts are essential both to theory construction in different scientific realms as well as to applied research. A practical approach to concepts suggests that concepts, however complicated they might be, should be, in essence, boiled down to measurable indicators that, in turn, can be thoroughly studied by applying qualitative or quantitative approaches. Discussion around the nature of the concepts in social science in general and particularly in the political science brought about a number of terms to denote the concepts like «essentially contested concepts» or «nomadic concepts». In order to avoid the bothersome discussion of the meaning of concepts, a prominent American scholar of social science research methodology and international relations G. Goertz said that he preferred to define concepts implicitly through a discussion of how they could be constructed. He coined the term «semantic approach» to denote the traditional approach to concepts and his alternative approach is what this article critically analyzes in comparison to other approaches to concepts ' studies, including the traditional ones. Recent research and publications analysis. A great number of scholars contributed to the studies of concepts, among them G. Sartori, J. Gerring, Ch. Ragin, D. Collier, M. Richter and others. After W. B. Gallie coined the expression «essentially contested concepts» in 1956, a discussion on the phenomenon of «contestedness» of social and political concepts has commenced and never stopped. Among the very recent contributions to analysis of concepts the papers of M. W. Spicer, F. Berenskoetter and C. Greene should be mentioned. Paper objective is to identify both advantages and disadvantages of applied approaches to political concepts' construction that go beyond the traditional semantic approach and that, in turn, implies a closer examination of a causal, ontological, and realist view of concepts, suggested by G. Goertz, ...
Introduction. Currently, there is a need to introduce an appropriate mechanism of interconnections between the private sector and government agencies, which should be aimed at improving the state of social partnership by attracting financial resources of socially oriented entrepreneurial construction structures. The study's relevance was assessed by a better use of financial resources to ensure correct and timely accounting and management. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to reveal the essence and importance of financial resources for the development of social partnership and to reflect these resources in the system of accounting and taxation of enterprises of the construction industry.Methods. Research methods are based on a dialectical method of understanding the problems of using the financial resources of enterprises of the construction industry and the peculiarities of their accounting and taxation; a systematic approach to awareness of the importance of social partnership for the socio-economic development of Ukraine through the use of methods of analysis, synthesis and comparison of economic indicators; using the positive experience of a number of construction enterprises to improve accounting and taxation for the entire construction industry.Results. The essence and state of social partnership in the enterprises of the construction industry are disclosed. The essence of the concepts of "social finance", "financial resources" and "financial resources of enterprises" is clarified. The problems of synthetic and analytical accounting, reporting and taxation of employee benefits (including voluntary payments) are identified. A number of accounting conducts on accrual of non-targeted and targeted assistance, assistance for recovery and burial, return and irrevocable financial assistance, repayment of loans, severance payments, etc. are presented. A number of proposals of scientists and practitioners have been supported and developed. They are "Regulations on the reception, accounting and use of charitable contributions and donations from individuals and legal entities" in health care institutions with the relevant sections; structure of the working plan of accounts of enterprises of the construction industry in terms of synthetic account 66 "Payments for payments to employees" and modifications of the "Settlement and payment information of the employee"; displaying information on ifrs employee benefits in the new section "Employee Benefits" form No. 5 "Notes to the annual financial statements" for 6 indicators: targeted and non-targeted provision, financial and severance assistance, burial allowance, additional benefits, etc.Prospects. Further scientific research should be directed to improving the quality and efficiency of accounting and taxation of transactions related to increasing the social responsibility of business. This is an important condition for strengthening its competitive advantages and promoting sustainable economic development.
The purpose of the study is to analyze the tools of image policy aimed at promoting a positive internal and external image of the state, mobilizing society and supporting the strategic vector of state development. Media use mechanisms and technologies for constructing a network (ideal, desired) image of the state to affect public opinion. The method of visualization is guaranteed to influence a person's ability to remember information that is beneficial to image makers. With the help of historical politics, political forces form and disseminate a certain system of socio-political values. The rhetoric of statesmen determines the political course of the state as a whole and defines the framework for making important political decisions. The integrated use of these tools helps to achieve the strategic and tactical goals of image policy. ; Мета дослідження полягає в аналізі інструментарію іміджевої політики, спрямованої на просування позитивного внутрішнього та зовнішнього образу держави, мобілізацію суспільства та підтримку стратегічного вектору розвитку держави. Механізми та технології конструювання мережевого (ідеального, бажаного) образу держави, які використовують медіа, впливають на громадську думку. Прийом візуалізації гарантовано впливає на здатність людини пам'ятати вигідну іміджмейкерам інформацію. За допомогою історичної політики політичні сили формують та поширюють певну систему суспільнополітичних цінностей. Риторика державних діячів окреслює політичний курс держави в цілому та визначає рамки для ухвалення важливих політичних рішень. Комплексне використання зазначених інструментів допомагає досягти стратегічних та тактичних цілей іміджевої політики.
Virtually no construction site in construction companies is free of temporary buildings and structures that are specifi c to this type of activity. Temporary buildings and structures are an integral part of the construction process, but accounting and taxing them for the accountant requires more creative work, in addition to complying with clear legal requirements. Temporary buildings and structures are erected by a contractor to meet specifi c needs at the construction site and are not, in fact, real estate. At the same time, the legislation also has the appropriate defi nition of temporary structures. These are industrial, warehouse, auxiliary, residential and public buildings and structures that are necessary for the execution of construction works and maintenance of employees during the construction of a particular facility. Therefore, there is a need to provide a study of the features of the organization and methods of accounting for temporary buildings and structures. The essence of the concept of «temporary structures» and the problem of forming costs for temporary structures in construction have not yet been fully addressed in the research of scientists, which does not eliminate the problems of their refl ection in accounting. This confi rms that the chosen topic is of practical importance, and in the process of its research certain elements of scientifi c novelty are highlighted. The purpose of this article is to reveal the peculiarities of display in the account of title and non-title temporary structures. The research methods used in the process of writing the article involve the application of general scientifi c and empirical techniques of economic science, based on a systematic approach. In addition, in the process such a general method of study as generalization was used.If temporary structures are created by adapting already existing customer objects at the construction site, they immediately write off the costs. When a contractor deals with temporary structures that he creates independently from scratch, their account is debited to account 113 «Temporary (non-titular) structures» or 22 «Low-value and high-wear items» (depending on the term of use) and, accordingly, amortized or written off for expenses. ; В статье представлен обзор литературных источников и нормативно-правовых актов по определению сущности временных зданий и сооружений и их видов. Представлены особенности формирования и отражения в бухгалтерском учете расходов на их приобретение или строительство в зависимости от ожидаемого срока эксплуатации. На основе обобщения специфических характеристик исследуемого объекта, который, в зависимости от срока эксплуатации, может принадлежать к различным объектам бухгалтерского учета, автором систематизирован порядок их учетного отображения и представлены рекомендации по его усовершенствованию. ; У статті представлено огляд літературних джерел і нормативно-правових актів щодо визначення сутності тимчасових будівель та споруд і їх видів. Показано особливості формування і відображення в бухгалтерському обліку витрат на їх придбання чи спорудження залежно від очікуваного терміну експлуатації. На основі узагальнення специфічних характеристик досліджуваного об'єкта, який, залежно від терміну експлуатації, може належати до різних об'єктів бухгалтерського обліку, автором систематизовано порядок їх облікового відображення та надано рекомендації щодо його удосконалення.
The article considers the most important factors that led to the emergence of new activities that ensure the creation of high quality consumer value of construction projects, for financing, design, construction and management of which requires expert intervention. The study of investment and construction activities suggests that a group of professionals – functional participants – "promotes the investment process", and this, in turn, allows, according to the author, to distinguish them and combine them with the concept of infrastructure of investment and construction process. Much attention in the article is paid to the study of the essence of the concept of infrastructure as a set of institutions, organizations, government and commercial enterprises that ensure optimal functioning of the process, interaction and effective cooperation of its participants. In the context of the investment and construction process, as an independent subsystem, infrastructure is a set of organizational and legal forms that mediate the movement of the construction project to implementation, or a set of institutions, systems, enterprises serving the process and performing certain functions to ensure effective operation. The infrastructure of the investment and construction process is created by its functional participants, whose activities are commercial in nature and related to the organization of the investment process, increase investment efficiency, reduce costs of institutional investors, solve the problem of optimizing all resources. Therefore, the article considers and analyzes the development, consulting, engineering, auditing, acquiring activities, the emergence of which in the investment and construction process determined the demand for quality real estate, to finance, design, build and manage which requires expert intervention. It is noted that the emergence and development of infrastructure for investment and construction activities. focused on project management and implementation – ie coordination of all actions of the ...
The analysis and generalization of theoretical approaches to the formation of the construction quality system, the generalization of the legislative and regulatory framework for quality control in construction. Analysis of the theoretical prerequisites for the formation of quality control of construction revealed that the digital transformation of construction is an integral part of the development of modern society, a prerequisite for changing the system of construction, including control, quality assurance and evaluation of construction processes, works, materials, products and structures. It was found that the quality in construction is directly affected by the following factors: quality and completeness of design documentation; the possibility and obligation to comply with legal requirements; quality of construction processes and works, strict compliance with the requirements of technology and construction organization; quality of construction products and structures; technical ability to provide a given level of quality with the help of machines, mechanisms, means of small mechanization, etc .; the level of qualification of management staff, workers and line ITP. The quality system itself can be presented in the format of a "black box", where the factor will be named at the entrance, and at the exit - buildings and structures that meet a given level of quality throughout the life cycle of the object. It is proposed to consider the construction quality management system in the form of a multicomponent formation and at the same time a dynamic environment, which is constantly changing under the influence of external and internal factors and has a high degree of scholasticism and uncertainty. With the introduction of digital technologies in the organization of construction, including VIM modeling, use of artificial intelligence, cloud services for information storage, quality control tools that can be performed without human intervention, such as drones, robotic elements, surveillance cameras and others, the construction quality assurance system has to change, taking into account the realities of time. Therefore, the system of quality formation in the article is proposed to be considered throughout the life cycle of the object - from pre-project research to liquidation. This will, in contrast to existing approaches, not only combine into a single system all the components of assurance, evaluation and quality control, which are used at the level of all participants in the construction, but also to ensure integrated process management. ; Здійснено аналіз і узагальнення теоретичних підходів до формування системи якості будівництва, проведено узагальнення законодавчо-нормативної бази із контролю якості у будівництві. Виявлено, що на якість у будівництві безпосередній вплив мають наступні чинники: якість і повнота проектної документації; можливість і обов'язковість дотримання законодавчо-нормативних умов; якість будівельних процесів та робіт, чітке дотримання вимог технології та організації будівництва; якість будівельних виробів та конструкцій; технічною можливістю забезпечити заданий рівень якості за допомогою машин, механізмів, засобів малої механізації тощо; рівень кваліфікації управлінського персоналу, робітників та лінійних ІТП. Саму систему якості можна представити у форматі «чорної скриньки», де на вході будуть названі чинник, а на виході – будівлі і споруди, які відповідають заданому проектною документацією рівню якості протягом усього життєвого циклу об'єкта. Запропоновано розглядати систему управління якістю будівництва у вигляді багатокомпонентного постійно змінюваного утворення та одночасно динамічного середовища, яке постійно змінюється під дією зовнішніх і внутрішніх чинників та має великий ступінь схоластичності і непевності. Із впровадженням в організацію будівництва цифрових технологій, зокрема ВІМ-моделювання, використання штучного інтелекту, хмарних сервісів для зберігання інформації, засобів контролю якості, які можуть проводитись без втручання людини, наприклад дронів, роботизованих елементів, камер спостереження та інших, система забезпечення якості будівництва має змінитись, враховуючи реалії часу. Тому систему формування якості у статті запропоновано розглядати протягом усього життєвого циклу об'єкта – від перед проектних досліджень до ліквідації. Це дозволить на відміну від існуючих підходів, не тільки поєднати в єдину систему усі складові забезпечення, оцінки і контролю якості, які використовуються на рівні усіх учасників будівництва, але і забезпечити комплексне управління процесом.
The subject of progress is the theoretical aspects of progress of ownership of a system of galvanic social and economic progress, effective reform of suspension of business activities. The purpose of the study is to determine the content of power processes of anti–modernization development. Methods of research. A set of scientific methods and approaches, including systematic, historical, logical, was applied in the work, which made it possible to provide the conceptual unity of the research. Results of the work. The article substantiates the need to counteract the systematic shadowing of power relations, overcoming the development of processes of accelerated development of «autonomous» shadow power as the main shadowing factor of reform. Application of results. The system of sciences from the field of public administration, a wide range of socio–economic sciences with problems of dysfunctional development. Conclusions. The main results of the study and its theoretical results can be summarized as follows: 1) the initial mega–problem of studying the shadowing power mechanisms is the problem of power dysfunctions in Ukraine as a system of slowing down socio–economic progress, effective reform of social relations, power; 2) one of the fundamental aspects of the study is the conclusion that the construction of the theory of shadowing power as a base position requires the development of a special trend, attractor of anti–modernization development inherent in the relations of power, power reform.
Context. Military conflicts of the late XX – early XXI centuries are characterized by the using of a large number of new weapons, which allowed the warring parties to distance themselves as far as possible from the direct collision with each other. Unmanned aircraft apparatus (UAA) have become one of the latest weapons on the battlefield, which during military conflicts were proven to be more effective than manned planes, in conducting air reconnaissance and other combat tasks, as well as strike at the enemy. One of the ways to increase the efficiency of UAA is to increase the level of technical excellence of their control systems. Creating new approaches for designing navigation systems for unmanned aerial vehicles particular, based on a free-form inertial navigation system, is an urgent task, as it will allow automatic control of the UAA flight route in the absence of corrective signals from the global satellite navigation system.Objective. The purpose of this work is to develop a methodology for managing an unmanned aerial apparatus using an intelligent automatic control system. This technique will minimize the error of a free inertial navigation system due to the using of a fuzzy neural network system. The algorithm of the proposed method of constructing the intellectual system of automatic control of UAA navigationsystem using the fuzzy neural network apparatus in the MatLab 7 software environment was developed. A neural network training was conducted in the Python 3.6 software environment (Jupyter-notebook), as well as testing the UAA model in the robot operational system (ROS) simulator environment for comparison with existing methods.Method. To achieve this goal, the following methods were used: intelligent systems, the theory of automatic control, pseudospectral method; methods based on the genetic algorithm and apparatus of the fuzzy neural network.Results. The method of constructing the intelligent system of automatic control of an unmanned aerial apparatus for minimizing the error of a free-form inertial navigation system due to the application of the neural network has been developed. The work of the intellectual system of automatic control of the UAA navigational system using the neural network in the MatLab software environmentbased on the proposed implementation algorithm were tested. The possibility of practical application of the obtained results and comparison with traditional methods were investigated. Conclusions. The technique of the intelligent automatic control of UAA shows an advantage in comparison with the known methods without correcting signals from the global navigation satellite system.
Context. Military conflicts of the late XX – early XXI centuries are characterized by the using of a large number of new weapons, which allowed the warring parties to distance themselves as far as possible from the direct collision with each other. Unmanned aircraft apparatus (UAA) have become one of the latest weapons on the battlefield, which during military conflicts were proven to be more effective than manned planes, in conducting air reconnaissance and other combat tasks, as well as strike at the enemy. One of the ways to increase the efficiency of UAA is to increase the level of technical excellence of their control systems. Creating new approaches for designing navigation systems for unmanned aerial vehicles particular, based on a free-form inertial navigation system, is an urgent task, as it will allow automatic control of the UAA flight route in the absence of corrective signals from the global satellite navigation system.Objective. The purpose of this work is to develop a methodology for managing an unmanned aerial apparatus using an intelligent automatic control system. This technique will minimize the error of a free inertial navigation system due to the using of a fuzzy neural network system. The algorithm of the proposed method of constructing the intellectual system of automatic control of UAA navigationsystem using the fuzzy neural network apparatus in the MatLab 7 software environment was developed. A neural network training was conducted in the Python 3.6 software environment (Jupyter-notebook), as well as testing the UAA model in the robot operational system (ROS) simulator environment for comparison with existing methods.Method. To achieve this goal, the following methods were used: intelligent systems, the theory of automatic control, pseudospectral method; methods based on the genetic algorithm and apparatus of the fuzzy neural network.Results. The method of constructing the intelligent system of automatic control of an unmanned aerial apparatus for minimizing the error of a free-form inertial navigation system due to the application of the neural network has been developed. The work of the intellectual system of automatic control of the UAA navigational system using the neural network in the MatLab software environmentbased on the proposed implementation algorithm were tested. The possibility of practical application of the obtained results and comparison with traditional methods were investigated. Conclusions. The technique of the intelligent automatic control of UAA shows an advantage in comparison with the known methods without correcting signals from the global navigation satellite system.