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当今,越来越多的用倾向于使用论坛、博客、脸书等在线工具来表达关于商品、电影和政治等话题的观点。这些观点不仅可以帮助用进行决策,同时也为各个商业和社会领域提供了具有重要价值的反馈信息。因此,面向观点应用成为了当前最活跃的研究领域之一,其中包括观点检索,观点摘要,观点问答。面向观点应用与面向事实应用的根本区别是信息需求的不同,分别是传统的客观信息和主观信息。所谓主观信息是指对于某个特定目标的观点或评论。为了表示主观信息,应该综合考虑观点性、主题相关性,以及观点与主题之间的关联。现有的基于词袋的表示方法将词作为描述客观信息的基本语义单元,它可以有效的表示主题相关性以满足客观信息的需求。而主观信息需要同时考虑观点性和主题相关性,由于单独一个词不能同时表示观点性和相关性,因此词不再是最小的语义单位。此外,基于词袋的表示方法忽略了词序和词义,这使得观点性和相关性两类信息通常混在一起,难以区分。因此,基于词袋方法不能够准确的表示主观信息,并严重的影响了面向观点应用的性能。 ; 本文回答了以下几个由主观信息表示不当所引发的研究问题: 1. 对于主观信息而言单个词将不再是基本语义单元,是否存在一种有效的表示方法对其进行描述? 2. 由于主观信息是观点信息和相关性信息的结合,如何利用新的表示方法来描述这二者之间的关联信息?3. 如何对主观信息进行量化,以便对文档进行检索和分析? 4. 如何在面向观点应用中实现全新的主观信息表示方法? ; 由于观点检索的结果会直接影响到其它面向观点应用的性能,因此本文从观点检索这一问题入手。首先,我们提出了一种基于句子的方法来分析词袋表示方法的局限性。以此为据,定义了一种具有丰富语义的表达方式来表示主观信息,即词对,它是由出现在同一句子中的情感词和与之关联的目标词共同组成的。然后,我们提出了一系列方法来描述和获取两类语境信息:1)观点内信息:我们给出了三种提取词对的方法以获取观点与主题的关联信息;2)观点间信息:我们提出了一种权重计算方法来度量词对间的相关程度,从而获取词对与词对之间的关系。最后,我们集成了观点内信息和观点间信息并提出了潜在情感关联模型来解决观点检索这一问题。在标准数据集上的实验结果表明,基于词对的表示方法可以有效地描述主观信息,同时潜在情感关联模型能够获取词与词之间的关联信息,从而实现了利用语境信息提高观点检索的效果。 ; 此外,我们将词对应用于观点摘要和观点问答中,标准数据集上的评测结果显示基于词对的主观信息表示方法对于其它面向观点应用也同样有效。 ; There is a growing interest for users to express their opinions about products, films, politics, by using on-line tools such as forums, blogs, facebooks, etc. These opinions cannot only help users make decisions, e.g., whether to buy a product, but also to ob-tain valuable feedback for business and social events. Today, research on opin-ion-oriented applications (OOAs) including opinion retrieval, opinion summarization and opinion question and answering is attracting much attention. The difference be-tween fact-based and opinion-oriented applications lies in users' information need. The former requires objective information and the latter subjective, which comprises of opinions or comments expressed on a specific target. To meet the need of subjective information, both opinionatedness and relevance together with the association between them should be taken into account. Existing systems represent documents in bag-of-word. However, this representation fails to distinguish ...

For at least a century academics and governmental researchers have been developing measures that would aid them in understanding income distributions, their differences with respect to geographic regions, and changes over time periods. It is a fascinating area due to a number of reasons, one of them being the fact that different measures, or indices, are needed to reveal different features of income distributions. The existing indices, the Gini index, the Bonferroni index and the Zenga index are intrinsically linked each other, whereas their emphasis are laid differently. One of the limitations of the existing indices is that they provide an overall measurement for the whole society and cannot distinguish the distributions with the same index value. This thesis works on the extension of the three indices and proposes a new index which can make comparison between any groups with different income level, for example, the richest group and the poorest group. The new index satisfies the axioms of inequality measures. The statistical inferential results of the new index are derived and their performance are tested by a simulation study and the results are used to analyze the income data of Hong Kong from Census and Statistics Department, HKSAR. ; 近一個世紀學術界和政府間的研究人員一直致力於創造和發展可以幫助理解不同國家地區收入分布和差異的測度。很多原因使之成為令人感興趣的研究領域,需要不同測度或指數用以理解收入分布的不同特征便是原因之一。Gini指數,Bonferroni 指數和Zenga指數等現有指數在本質上相互聯系,但側重點各有不同。可以對整個社會有一個整體測度而不能對具有相同指數的收入分布進行區分是現有指數的共同缺陷。本論文基於以上三種指數提出一種新的指數可以在不同收入水平間進行比較,例如,最富有階層和最貧困階層。新指數滿足收入不均測度的相關性質。本論文推導出新指數的相關統計推理結果並用數值模擬實驗進行了測試,最終用其結果對香港政府統計處的人口普查數據進行了分析。 ; Chen, Teng. ; Thesis M.Phil. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2015. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 59-61). ; Abstracts also in Chinese. ; Title from PDF title page (viewed on 05, October, 2016). ; Detailed summary in vernacular field only.

In the past 30 years, China's economic reforms have forced many state-owned factories (SOEs) to collapse, and both men and women workers were dismissed. In urban Northeast China many laid-off women were able to find employment in the service industry and small-scale private businesses, while their husbands had difficulty finding a satisfactory job. As such, the wives became breadwinners of the families. Based on fieldwork data collected through face-to-face interviews, focus group interviews and participant observation, this study examines resultant spousal relationships in the aspects of family finance, domestic division of labor, power relations, and foundation of marriage, as the husband and wife swapped their economic roles at home. This study finds that when women control more economic capital than men in the nuclear family, domestic division of labor, power relations and affection between couples all tend to be more egalitarian. However, the concept of a male-breadwinner family and the gender segregation of space are still popular on material and social levels. Thus without corresponding changes on the ideological level regarding gender, patriarchy will remain dominant on the community and national levels. Analysis on spousal relationships shows that the economic, political and emotional aspects of marriage are interconnected and interactive, and they work together to decide how spousal relationships may be altered in times of rapid social transformation. In the era of market economy, family and marriage values are diversified, and marriage tends to be less stable. However, this study finds that the integrity of family and marriage has been kept in the laid-off workers' families even when spousal relationships face serious challenges caused by unemployment. The reason is that these laid-off workers have formed their gender identities during the socialist era which emphasized the integrity of family and marriage. In the market era, laid off workers have maintained these values and upheld the integrity of ...

by Ngan Nga Wing. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 220-236). ; Abstract also in Chinese. ; Abstract --- p.i ; Acknowledgments --- p.iii ; Table of Contents --- p.iv ; List of Tables --- p.xi ; List of Figures --- p.xiii ; List of Abbreviations --- p.xiv ; Chapter CHAPTER ONE --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 ; Background --- p.1 ; Context of the Study --- p.2 ; Ethnic Chinese and Their Business --- p.2 ; Ethnic Chinese and Homeward Investment --- p.4 ; Guanxi and the Contemporary Socialist China --- p.5 ; The Notion of Guanxi and Instrumental Relationships --- p.7 ; Area of Study --- p.10 ; Physical Environment of Fuj ian Province --- p.10 ; Economic Development Since 1949 --- p.10 ; "Reasons of Selecting Jinjiang, Fujian " --- p.11 ; Objectives of the Study --- p.12 ; A Brief of the Thesis --- p.13 ; Chapter CHAPTER TWO --- METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES --- p.14 ; Introduction --- p.14 ; Research Designs And Methods --- p.15 ; Choice of the Method-Qualitative Method --- p.15 ; Data Collection From Human Resources --- p.20 ; Purposive and Emergent Sampling --- p.21 ; Data Collection in the Field --- p.22 ; In-depth Interviews --- p.23 ; Group Interviews --- p.26 ; Participant Observation --- p.28 ; Secondary Data in the Field --- p.29 ; Some Critical Reflection in the Field --- p.30 ; Data Collection From Non-human Resources --- p.32 ; Inductive Data Analysis --- p.33 ; Categorization --- p.33 ; Triangulation --- p.34 ; Network Analysis --- p.35 ; Case Reporting --- p.36 ; Tape Recording --- p.37 ; Verbatim --- p.38 ; Narrative --- p.38 ; Validity And The Issue Of Subjectivity --- p.39 ; Summary --- p.41 ; Chapter CHAPTER THREE --- ETHNIC CHINESE AND THEIR BUSINESS CULTURE --- p.42 ; Introduction --- p.42 ; Economic Success of Ethnic Chinese --- p.43 ; Hostile Business Environments --- p.45 ; Political Environment --- p.45 ; Restriction of the Scope of Economic Activities --- p.47 ; Restriction on Capital Participation of Ethnic Chinese --- p.49 ...

香港政府在二千年推行教育改革,目的在培養終身學習者。然而,對於學校如何在教改下進行改進,特別是初步校外支援後的發展,仍未有任何研究。本研究探討四所小學在教改下九年來的發展軌跡(1999-2008) ,旨在揭示學校改善的進程和能持續改進的原因。 ; 研究挑選了四個初步成功改革的學校個案,探討有關問題。研究資料來自兩個時段( 2001-03 年和2007-08 年) ,資料搜集方法包括訪問學校不同持份者和校外夥伴;實地觀察課堂、學生活動、專業發展活動和不間類型的會議;以及分析文件。 ; 研究發現,經過近十年的努力,四所學校在教與學、管理和組織、專業發展及家校合作四方面,都有顯著改善。這些改善相互支持學生的主動學習。然而,四所學校都面對著教育環境不斷變化所帶來的考驗,而學校能否將挑戰轉化為發展機會,取決於學校領導的集體解難能力。 ; 研究進一步發現學校變革的六個進程「聚焦和構建」、「管理阻力」、「試驗和技術轉移」、「試驗延展」、「深化和擴大改革」和「應付新抗戰」。這些進程標誌了學校在不同的改進階段所要解決的關鍵問題,以及校內外的變革能動者如何合力解決這些難題,推進學校發展。 ; 研究又發現,學校領導、校外支援、新的學校組織結構,以及校外政策環境,是推動學校改進的關鍵因素。透過學校領導的中介作用,政府的教改政策和所提供的各種資源,為學校改進提供了必要的方向、壓力和支持。學校導、校外支援和新的組織結構在不同階段的交互作用,以及不斷調校以回應不同時期的改進需求也是至關重要的。最後,隨著學校變革,學校出現了一群新領導,他們不僅幫助學校深化和擴大改革,也幫助學校回應新挑戰。 ; 本研究對學校改進的知識領域有三方面的貢獻,它揭示了1) 學校成功改善的進程和持續改進所需的條件; 2) 學校領導在學校改進中所扮演的角色;以及3) 政府政策影響學校教與學及行事方式的途徑。根據研究結果,本研究對教育當局和為學校提供專業支援的組織應如何協助學校改進,以及學校領導如何領導變革,作出建議。 ; This study aims to understand the processes and dynamics of sustainable school improvement. To do so, it examined the nine-year improvement trajectories (1999-2008) of four Hong Kong primary schools that had received initial intensive support from a school improvement program in the context of educational reform. The government sponsors education reform aimed at developing life-long leamers. However, little is known about how schools improve in the current reform environment, especially beyond the initial stage of intensive support. This study seeks to fill these gaps. ; The study employed a longitudinal multiple-case design. Four primary schools with initial reform success were purposefully chosen. Schools' improvement trajectories were traced using data gathered from two time periods (2001-2003 and 2007-2008)'. Data collected include interviews of key stakeholders and external partners; observations of classes, student'activities, staff development activities, and meetings at different levels; and review of documents. ; The study found that after a decade of conscientious reform efforts, the four schools underwent transformational changes in four areas of practice: Teaching and ...

城市氣候信息對可持續城市規劃十分重要。但是城市氣候在城市規劃上的應用仍然十分有限。都市氣候圖是一種信息和評估工具,它融合了城市氣候信 息和城市規劃要素,利用兩維空間地圖將存在的城市氣候現象和問題展現出來。通過文獻綜述可知都市氣候圖的研究源於1970 年代, 目前大部分相關研究主要針對低密度城市進行。現今隨著城市人口的持續增加和快速城市化發展, 緊湊城市和高密度城市生活將是未來不可避免的趨勢。這就迫切需要開展針對高密度城市的都市氣候圖應用研究,例如香港。 ; 本研究使用的氣象數據來自香港天文台,規劃數據則從香 港政府規劃署獲得。基於前期香港都市氣候分析圖和風信息圖層所獲得的分析 和評估結果,該研究繪製了可應用在分區大綱圖的香港都市氣候規劃建議圖和重點規劃建議,並探討了具體的規劃控制策略,涵蓋樓宇密度(容積率、樓宇高度和基地建築覆蓋率)、 綠化(綠化帶,都市綠洲和開放空間的連接及綠色網格)、樓宇後移、通風廊道(河道、風道和通風廊)、非建築用地,樓宇間距和樓宇通透性。根據香港城市氣候的特點,結合香港分區大綱圖的邊界和 區劃,設立了分區大綱圖的4 個規劃策略類型,劃分了18 個組團,並形成詳細的都市氣候規劃建議圖。每個組團又再細化成若干次區域,並配有詳細的規劃改善建議。香港都市氣候規劃建議圖和18 個組團的詳細都市氣候 規劃建議圖以及相應的規劃建議為香港搭建了一個城市氣候規劃應用框架,有效的引導規劃和發展進程,確保規劃師和決策管理著採用適合的城市氣候評估結果。 ; 本研究發現香港都市氣候規劃建議圖可為城市規劃師和決策管理者在宏觀、區域及策略性的層面上提供有益的城市氣候信息平台。根據相關的氣候規劃建議和策略,便於規劃師和決策管理著選取適宜的規劃手段,進而有針對性地改善城市氣候狀況,特別是針對敏感地區。同時,該研究結果有助於在分區大綱圖的層面上開展規劃 探討及決策。另外該研究方法和所提出的相關規劃建議針對高密度城市 狀況,均可供其他相似城市參考, 特別是珠江三角洲地區。現已有三個城市:高雄、澳門和阿納姆的都市氣候圖研究借鑒並採用了該研究的研究成果。 ; Urban climate is of great importance for the sustainable urban planning. However, urban climatic application has a low impact on urban planning. The Urban Climatic Map (UCMap) is a climatic information and evaluation tool to integrate urban climatic factors and town planning considerations by presenting climatic phenomena and problems on two-dimensional spatial maps. Literature reviews that the UCMap studies have been developed since the 1970s, but most UCMap studies focus on low density cities. Due to increasing urban population and rapid urbanization nowadays, compact living and high density city lives are inevitable trends around the world. This makes it an urgent issue to study how to apply UCMap to high density cities, such as Hong Kong. ; The study used meteorological data from Hong Kong Observatory and planning data from Planning Department of the Government of Hong Kong SAR. Based on the climatic analysis from the Urban Climatic Analysis Map and Wind Information Layer, this study developed an Urban Climatic Recommendation Map (UC-ReMap) and formulated key planning recommendations for Hong Kong, which could then be applied at the level ...

本文考察了中央地方財政自主性的變化,地方政府日益增長的對土地相關收入的依賴以及中國社會總體穩定程度,三者之間的因果關係。使用24個省、市、自治區,跨1998年至2006年的面板數據的回歸模型結果顯示地方政府從土地和房地產相關產業發展上獲得的收入顯著的惡化了以來信來訪數量衡量的社會穩定程度。而地方財政自主性的增強則可以抑制地方政府謀取壟斷地租所導致的信訪數量的增加。 ; 本文認為,信訪量的持續攀升與拆遷征地糾紛不斷的直接肇因是1994年開始實行的一系列稅收改革所改變的中央地方政府之間的稅收分配以及稅收結構。地方政府近乎掠奪性的征地拆遷以囤積土地獲得壟斷性租金收入的做法都與該變化有關。但同時,上述現象也受到了以信訪為代表的黨政糾紛解決渠道與以訴訟為代表的司法糾紛解決途徑在威權政體等級制度中的局限性的影響。在等級制度中,中央和地方政府因自身利益不同而存在博弈關係,在各級政府之間還存在權力與相應社會責任分配上反向的 "差序格局"。層級越高的政府,掌握越多的政治權力以及相應的可供其用來"尋租"的政治與經濟資源,卻承擔越少的社會責任和風險。 ; My dissertation investigates the causal mechanisms among three factors, the relative change of the central-local fiscal autonomy after 1994 fiscal reform, the increasing of local land derived-revenue in recent years, and the variations in the general level of social stability. Using a panel data set covering 24 provincial level administrative units in China during 1998-2006, the study suggests that the income local governments earned from land and real estate developments substantially and significantly threaten social stability. It also reveals that more fiscal autonomy of local governments does help restrain rising level of instablity caused by local governments' incentive to capture monopoly rent from land. ; The findings are consistent with the argument that the fiscal rearrangement and restructuring provide incentives to local governments to practice fierce land requisition and house demolition in order to get monopoly rents through land hoarding. Yet the general level of social stability is also affected by the restrictions of disputes resolution channels lie within authoritarian hierarchical structure. The study highlights how two of the most important disputes resolution channels in China, i.e. petition and litigation, reflects the different incentive structure of central and local governments. ; Detailed summary in vernacular field only. ; Detailed summary in vernacular field only. ; 韓佳. ; Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 196-201) ; Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : ...

背景: 公共健康護理在香港的演變可以追溯到二十世紀三十年代,但公共衛生護士的培訓卻自一九五四年才正式開始。由於在此領域工作的護士人數相對比醫院護士少,因而令公共衛生護士的貢獻較不明顯。本研究旨在揭示公共衛生護士於一九五四年至二零一零年期間經歷了文化,社會,經濟和政治的變化後在母嬰健康院的發展。研究目的: 檢視公共健康護理的特點,並對公共健康護理在母嬰健康院的工作和改變進行分析,以確定對公共健康護理在母嬰健康院的發展有重大影響的事件和原因。研究方法: 使用研究歷史的方法,重新審視公共衛生護士的經驗。主要研究數據來源是收集退休公共衛生護士和醫療及護理行政人員的口述歷史。輔助數據來源則包括政府文件,個人筆記,照片和剪報。共有37名受訪者同意接受訪問,其中包括六名行政人員和三十一名退休公共衛生護士,年齡由五十多歲到九十歲。研究員以面對面訪談方法收集口述歷史。並以內容分析法處理所得資料。研究結果: 研究結果描繪公共健康護理有六大特點,包括其分類,護理文化,服務重點,健康教育和健康促進的功能,以及展現出護理的藝術和科學。研究結果表明,文化,社會,經濟,政治因素和社會上的重大事件影響了公共健康護理。其中不明顯和被貶值的公共健康護理服務,醫療優勢和行政影響,公共衛生和公共健康護理的意識形態,作為政府人員和公共健康護士的培訓等專業問題影響了公共衛生護士在香港的地位和護理專業。在這項研究中收集的數據也揭露了香港公共健康護理的發展是密切跟隨公共健康的變化,其發展可分為三個階段:從一九五四年到一九七零年是公共健康護理的演化期一九七零年至一九八零年間是靜態期,而一九九零年至二零一零年則是變化期。研究結論和含義: 公共健康護士需要擴大知識和技能,促進專業自主,推行以實證為基礎的護理並記錄護理成果。歷史研究可以幫助解釋過去和加強理解現狀;而歷史對護理亦提供了重大貢獻。 ; Background: The evolution of public health nursing in Hong Kong can be traced back to the 1930s but formal training of public health nurses only commenced in 1954. However, as the number of nurses working in this field was small in comparison with hospital nurses, their practice and contribution is largely unknown. Aim: This study aims to reveal the developments in public health nursing practice in Maternal and Child Health Centres (MCHC) from 1954 to 2010. Objectives of this study include examining the characteristics of public health nursing practice and analysing the changes in public health nursing practice in MCHC, as well as identifying the significant events and factors that influenced its development. Methods: The historical research method was adopted to examine the public health nurses' experiences. The primary data source was derived from the collected oral histories of retired public health nurses and medical and nursing administrators. The secondary data source was obtained from a review of government documents, personal notes, photographs and newspaper cuttings. In total, thirty-seven informants, including six administrators and thirty-one retired public health nurses were interviewed, ranging in age from late 50s to early 90s. ...

Lee Tsz Lok. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 120-123). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; ABSTRACT --- p.i ; ACKNOWLEDGMENT --- p.iii ; CONTENTS --- p.v ; Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- Introduction: Domestic Work from Premodern to Modern --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.1 --- Research Objective ; Chapter 1.2 --- Research B ackground ; Chapter 1.2.1 --- History of Chinese Domestic Servants ; Chapter 1.2.2 --- Demand for Foreign Domestic Workers ; Chapter 1.2.3 --- Legislation Governing Employment of Foreign Domestic Workers ; Chapter 1.2 --- Research Questions ; Chapter 1.3 --- Research Significances ; Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- Literature Review: Private-Public Interpenetration, Power Relations and Social Negotiations in Domestic Employment --- p.13 ; Chapter 2.1 --- Hegemonies and Homes ; Chapter 2.2 --- Private-Public Distinction ; Chapter 2.3 --- Power Dynamics ; Chapter 2.4 --- Between the Personalized and the Bureaucratized ; Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- Conceptual Framework: The Personalized/ Bureaucratized Typology and Interactive Dynamics in Domestic Employment --- p.25 ; Chapter 3.1 --- Assumptions of the Present Study ; Chapter 3.2 --- Typology of Worker-Employer Relations ; Chapter 3.3 --- The Personalized Type of Relations ; Chapter 3.4 --- The Bureaucratized Type of Relations ; Chapter 3.5 --- Micropolitics in Domestic Work ; Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- Research Methods and Data --- p.39 ; Chapter 4.1 --- Methods and Data Collection ; Chapter 4.2 --- Characteristics of Informants ; Chapter 4.2.1 --- Characteristics of Employers ; Chapter 4.2.2 --- Characteristics of Workers ; Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- The Personalized Type of Relations --- p.45 ; Chapter 5.1 --- Affective-Based Particularism ; Chapter 5.1.1 --- Working Philosophy ; Chapter 5.1.2 --- Workers' Presence in Public Spaces ; Chapter 5.1.3 --- Confrontations ; Chapter 5.2 --- Diffuse Work Obligations ; Chapter 5.3 --- Personal Attachment ; Chapter 5.3.1 --- Materialistic Relationship ; Chapter 5.3.2 --- ...

Adelaide Nga-yan Lau. ; Thesis submitted in: December 2001. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 152-158). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Introduction --- p.p. 1 -4 ; Theoretical Framework --- p.p.5-25 ; The Habermasian public sphere ; Chapter ■ --- Universal access ; Chapter ■ --- Topics of public concern ; Chapter ■ --- Rational discussion ; Gatekeeping in production ; Chapter ■ --- Individual gatekeeping ; Chapter ■ --- Organizational gatekeeping ; Chapter ■ --- Impact of commercialization ; Phone-in Programs as Media Public Spheres --- p.p.26-46 ; Factors for developing public sphere ; Chapter ■ --- Capitalism ; Chapter ■ --- Freedom of expression ; Media and political communication in Hong Kong ; Political and social contexts of radio phone-in programs ; Chapter ■ --- Period of germination ; Chapter ■ --- Period of recognition ; Chapter ■ --- Period of flourishing ; Three radio phone-in programs in Hong Kong ; Chapter ■ --- RTHK's Talkabout ; Chapter ■ --- Commercial Radio's Teacup in a Storm ; Chapter ■ --- Metro Radio's Metropolitics ; Methodology --- p.p.47-55 ; Data collection ; Chapter ■ --- The Robert Chung case ; Data analysis ; Chapter ■ --- Content analysis ; Chapter ■ --- Discourse analysis ; Analysis I - Universal Access --- p.p.56-76 ; Technologies enhance accessibility ; Equal opportunity for callers ; Selecting calls ; Chapter ■ --- Screening in Talkabout ; Chapter ■ --- Screening in Teacup in a Storm ; Chapter ■ --- Screening in Metropolitics ; What is universal access? ; Analysis II - Topics of Public Concern --- p.p.77-96 ; Topics initiated by the public ; Handling of topics initiated by the public ; Characteristics of pre-set discussion topics ; Chapter ■ --- Characteristics of discussion topics in Talkabout ; Chapter ■ --- Characteristics of discussion topics in Teacup in a Storm ; Chapter ■ --- Characteristics of discussion topics in Metropolitics ; Who sets the media agenda? ; Analysis III - Rational Discussion ...

by Pang Kin-Man, James. ; Questionnaire in English and Chinese. ; Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 25-26). ; ABSTRACT --- p.ii ; TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv ; LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS --- p.vi ; LIST OF TABLES --- p.vii ; ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.viii ; Chapter ; Chapter I. --- BACKGROUND AND STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM --- p.1 ; A History of the KCR --- p.1 ; A New Era for KCR --- p.3 ; The Market Profile --- p.4 ; The Evolution of Open Competition --- p.9 ; Social Changes --- p.9 ; Economic Changes --- p.10 ; Political Changes --- p.10 ; Declining Competitive Advantage --- p.11 ; The Business Problem --- p.12 ; Market Segmentation --- p.12 ; Peak Hour Services --- p.14 ; Non-peak Hour Services --- p.14 ; Aims of the Project --- p.15 ; Chapter II. --- RELATED LITERATURE: CRITIQUE AND BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.17 ; Related Literature --- p.17 ; Fare --- p.17 ; Services and Facilities --- p.19 ; Overall Image --- p.22 ; Bibliography --- p.25 ; Chapter III. --- METHODOLOGY --- p.27 ; Exploratory Research --- p.27 ; Data Collection --- p.28 ; Secondary Data --- p.28 ; Primary Data --- p.29 ; Questionnaire --- p.29 ; Sampling Design --- p.29 ; Information Sought --- p.31 ; Pretest and Revision --- p.32 ; Data Compilation and Analysis --- p.32 ; Chapter IV. --- FINDINGS --- p.33 ; The Secondary Research --- p.33 ; Market Share of the KCR --- p.33 ; The Peak-hour and Non-peak-hour Segments --- p.34 ; Attitudes of Passengers in the Peak-hour Segment --- p.36 ; The Primary Research --- p.37 ; Demographics of Respondents --- p.37 ; Travelling Habits in the Non-peak-hour Segment --- p.38 ; Criteria in the Non-peak-hour Market --- p.43 ; Awareness of Places in the NT --- p.45 ; Consideration of Using KCR in Leisure Time --- p.47 ; Conclusion --- p.49 ; Chapter V. --- SUMMARY AND IMPLICATIONS --- p.52 ; Summary --- p.52 ; The Competitive Forces --- p.52 ; Alert to Changes --- p.54 ; Recommendation --- p.54 ; A Positioning of the Corporation --- p.54 ; The Objectives --- ...

by Lam Lai Ming, Regina, Tang Oi Tai. ; Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 65-66). ; Questionnaire also in Chinese. ; ABSTRACT --- p.ii ; TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv ; LIST OF TABLES --- p.vi ; LIST OF FIGURES --- p.vii ; ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.ix ; Chapter ; Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 ; Genes and GM Food --- p.1 ; Examples of GM Food Available in the Market --- p.2 ; Potential Benefits and Risks of GM Food --- p.2 ; Scientific Evidence for the Safety of GM Food --- p.5 ; The International Scene of GM Food Labeling System --- p.6 ; Pros and Cons of GM Food Labeling --- p.7 ; Consumers' Perception and Acceptance of GM Food --- p.9 ; Situation in Hong Kong --- p.11 ; Hong Kong Public´ةs Concern --- p.13 ; Chapter II. --- RESEARCH OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGY --- p.15 ; Research Objectives --- p.15 ; Methodology --- p.15 ; Research Design --- p.15 ; Questionnaire --- p.16 ; Data Collection --- p.17 ; Data Analysis Method --- p.17 ; Chapter III. --- FINDINGS AND IMPLICATIONS --- p.19 ; General Public's knowledge about / awareness of GM food --- p.19 ; Consumers' Perception and Attitudes towards GM Food and Traditionally Produced Food --- p.22 ; Quality --- p.25 ; Nutritional Value --- p.27 ; Price --- p.29 ; Safety of consumption --- p.31 ; Consumers' Purchasing Behavior --- p.34 ; To evaluate consumers' opinions and reactions to the GM Food labeling system in Hong Kong --- p.40 ; Profiles of the respondents --- p.43 ; Limitations --- p.46 ; Chapter IV. --- RECOMMENDATIONS --- p.48 ; For Government --- p.48 ; For GM Food Manufacturers --- p.50 ; For Suppliers --- p.51 ; APPENDIX --- p.53 ; BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.65

by Xu Kai. ; Thesis submitted in: December 1999. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 134-135). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; ABSTRACT (English) --- p.iii ; ABSTRACT (Chinese) --- p.v ; ACKNOWLEDEMENT --- p.vi ; LIST OF FIGURES --- p.vii ; LIST OF TABLES --- p.viii ; Chapter Chapter I --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 1. --- Prelude --- p.1 ; Chapter 2. --- The Questions of Intra- and Inter-Organizational Dynamics --- p.5 ; Chapter 3. --- Hybridization: A Historical Trajectory of Chinese Advertising Industry --- p.8 ; Chapter 4. --- Competition and Professionalization: Two Challenges Facing State-Owned Ad Agencies --- p.14 ; Chapter 5. --- The Basic Conceptual Framework and A Chapter Outline --- p.19 ; Chapter Chapter II --- "Space, Spatial Partition and Situated Practices of A State-owned Ad Agency" --- p.22 ; Chapter 1. --- "Strategic Practices, Locale, and Institutional Changes" --- p.22 ; Chapter 2. --- Key Concepts and Their Linkages --- p.27 ; Chapter Chapter III --- Methodology --- p.40 ; Chapter 1. --- Case Study and Case Selection --- p.40 ; Chapter 2. --- PrQcedure of Fieldwork --- p.42 ; Chapter 3. --- Data and My Identities in Data Collection --- p.46 ; Chapter 4. --- Validity of My Interpretation --- p.50 ; Chapter Chapter IV --- Spatial Partitioning and Routine Practices at PAC --- p.53 ; Chapter 1. --- Seaside Province and Phoenix City --- p.53 ; Chapter 2. --- Physical Settings of PAC --- p.57 ; Chapter 3. --- Professionalization of PAC in the Front Region --- p.68 ; Chapter 4. --- The Transformation of Organizational Structure --- p.71 ; Chapter 5. --- Routine and Non-routine Practices in the Back Region --- p.77 ; Chapter 6. --- The Mixture of Two Systems in PAC --- p.93 ; Chapter Chapter V --- Patrolling the Spatial Partition in Competition --- p.97 ; Chapter 1. --- Bidding as A Critical Moment --- p.98 ; Chapter 2. --- PAC's Preparation for Submitting A Bid --- p.99 ; Chapter 3. --- PAC's Excellent Performances in ...

对于转型期中国地方政府行为的研究,现有文献日益重视正式制度对官员行为的激励和约束作用:以GDP为标尺的相对绩效考核制度是改革开放后中国经济成功的决定因素,同时该正式制度也是地方政府忽视公共物品供给的重要原因。即使在考虑了正式制度及社会经济因素之后,本研究仍然观察到地方政府在公共物品供给水平上存在着显著的地区和时间差异。然而,对于此差异背后的决定因素,现有文献却考察不足。本文认为,非正式制度是造成该差异的原因。通过采用地区领导人籍贯作为非正式制度的代理并利用1990年至2010年的中国地级市数据,本研究系统检验了上述假设。本文发现,和来自外地的地方领导人相比,那些在其籍贯地任职的官员有更大的动力为本地区提供公共服务:本地籍贯的领导在基础教育、公共医疗和环境保护上的财政投入比重显著高于外地籍贯的领导。本研究同时发现,公共服务支出份额的增加是以基础设施建设支出的减少为代价的:本地籍贯官员对该项支出的投入比重显著低于外地籍贯官员。同时,利用省级数据及相同的模型设定,本文也发现非正式制度在省级行政单位依然发挥作用,但作用程度减弱。上述发现彰显出在一个正式制度主导的环境中,非正式制度依然发挥着显著的作用,并在一定程度上弥补了前者的不足。在实证发现的基础上,本研究又通过案例分析和访谈进一步考察了非正式制度发挥作用的机制。通过分析两个地级市的本地籍贯领导大力发展民生项目的行为以及普通民众对本地官员和外地官员的看法,本文详细说明了非正式制度对官员行为产生影响的机制,从而为实证分析揭示出的因果机制提供了证据。本研究认为,造成上述差异的原因在于:相比于外地官员,本地官员更多地被嵌入到当地的人际网络中,出于对本人及本家族在家乡声望的重视,他们会对民生项目有更多的投入。本文对非正式制度及两种制度互动的考察凸显出非民主国家内部官员行为丰富的制度动态。 ; Literature on local government behavior in transitional China has primarily examined the impact of formal institutions on the motivations of officials in promoting local economic growth. In particular, investigations focused on how the existing personnel management system provides a "yardstick competition among local officials and therefore guarantees the success of economic reform. Meanwhile, such formal institutions have similarly been studied for the crucial reason that local government ignores the provision of public goods. Nevertheless, even after controlling the influence of formal institutions and socio-economic factors, variations could still be observed on the level of efforts among local governments regarding the provision of public goods. However, these variations cannot be sufficiently explained by existing literature. This research, based on prefectural data in China in 1990-2010, aims to fill this gap through a systematic examination of the effects of informal institutions on local government behavior, especially the casual relationship between the hometown of officials and the provision of local public goods. This research, based on prefectural data in China in 19902010, aims to fill this gap by systematically examining the effects of ...

Ho, Yun Chi Maggie. ; "December 2010." ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 211-231). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese; some appendixes also in Chinese. ; ABSTRACT --- p.i ; ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.iv ; TABLE OF CONTENT --- p.vi ; LIST OF TABLES --- p.xi ; LIST OF FIGURES --- p.xiii ; LIST OF APPENDICES --- p.xviii ; NOTATION --- p.xix ; Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.2 --- Significance --- p.2 ; Chapter 1.3 --- Objectives --- p.4 ; Chapter 1.4 --- Conceptual framework of study --- p.5 ; Chapter Chapter 2 --- Literature Review --- p.9 ; Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.9 ; Chapter 2.2 --- Definition of terms --- p.10 ; Chapter 2.3 --- Indigenous community and nature reserves --- p.12 ; Chapter 2.4 --- Opportunities of cooperating with indigenous community in conservation --- p.15 ; Chapter 2.5 --- Incorporating indigenous knowledge --- p.18 ; Chapter 2.6 --- Sacred natural sites as traditional conserved areas --- p.21 ; Chapter 2.7 --- Challenges --- p.26 ; Chapter 2.7.1 --- Erosion of traditions --- p.26 ; Chapter 2.7.2 --- Coordination between indigenous population and conservationists --- p.31 ; Chapter 2.8 --- International trend --- p.33 ; Chapter 2.9 --- Local experiences in nature conservation --- p.36 ; Chapter 2.9.1 --- Legislative framework --- p.36 ; Chapter 2.9.2 --- Types of Protected Areas (PAs) --- p.37 ; Chapter 2.9.3 --- Community involvement --- p.41 ; Chapter 2.9.4 --- Privately owned land. --- p.43 ; Chapter 2.10 --- Summary --- p.45 ; Chapter Chapter 3 --- Methodology --- p.47 ; Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.47 ; Chapter 3.2 --- Research framework --- p.47 ; Chapter 3.3 --- Data collection --- p.48 ; Chapter 3.4 --- Analytical approach --- p.50 ; Chapter 3.4.1 --- Importance-performance analysis --- p.51 ; Chapter 3.4.2 --- Participation level assessment --- p.53 ; Chapter Chapter 4 --- Background of Study Sites --- p.60 ; Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- ...