Suchergebnisse

A discussion of the gains/failures of the democratization process in Guatemala focuses on decentralization, local government, & citizen participation. The policies of three presidencies are evaluated in terms of their impact on the decentralization process & the quality of service delivery. Problems not yet addressed are said to include the scarcity of citizen representation in the municipios & villages, weak representation at the departmental level, & a complete lack of citizen participation at the regional & national levels. The need to develop support systems for the municipal system is discussed, noting there is no framework for training personnel or providing long-term technical or financial assistance. Special attention is given to the link between governability & an effective model of the budget criteria for transfer payments. It is concluded that steps must be taken to extend decentralization to the regional & local levels, & future policies should focus on responding to the needs of the population & making the delivery of services more effective. 1 Table, 34 References. J. Lindroth

The article proves that decentralization in Ukraine opens up not only new opportunities for local authorities, but also creates the conditions for revising the existing paradigm of rural development. The current agricultural paradigm cannot actually meet the growing demand, and the new agrarian paradigm ensures the competitive development of agriculture. Based on comparative sociological studies in the united territorial communities and communities that have not yet been included in the united territorial communities, in the Kharkiv region it has been shown that there is now a change in the policy of supporting rural areas: from orientation of support through subsidizing the agricultural sector in support of the integrated development of rural territories. Sociological studies have shown that a key difference between the traditional and the new paradigms of rural development is the change in the main political actor. If in the traditional paradigm this is the central government, then in the new it is multi-level governance, and the role of local levels of government is constantly growing, especially the community of rural residents, local activists and local science. However, research has shown very little public confidence that local authorities will be able to cope with the additional powers that they will receive during decentralization. Sociological research has shown that village councils lose OTG in many respects; the potential of the latter is very large. Sociological research has shown that the voluntary unification of territorial communities during 2015–2019 gives a significant positive result and confidence in change for the better. Also on the agenda are issues of professional training of local government employees and development of community development strategies.

Across the developing world, many governments have implemented political reforms - heavily promoted by international donors - designed to transfer greater power to subnational levels of government and to provide a more substantial policymaking and oversight role to citizens. Based on an analysis of two large national public-opinion surveys from Bolivia, a country that has recently implemented one of the most comprehensive decentralization reforms yet attempted in Latin America, the authors analyze the role decentralized local institutions are playing in shaping citizen attitudes toward their political system. (InWent/DÜI)

Decentralisation is a common theme in almost all Western market economies and an emerging issue in the socialist planned economies. But the concepts stimulating the debate vary greatly. Focuses on the 2 chief aspects: intergovernmental change and decentralisiation from governments to market and nongovernmental organisations. The context of where countries have previously been positioned provides the background. (SJK)