Suchergebnisse

Testimony issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "The United States has been providing assistance to Colombia since the early 1970s to help the Colombian National Police and other law enforcement agencies, the military, and civilian agencies reduce illegal drug production and trafficking. Recognizing that illegal drug activities are a serious problem, the Colombian government announced a counternarcotics plan known as Plan Colombia. This testimony reviews the U.S. counternarcotics efforts in Colombia. Although U.S.-provided assistance has enhanced Colombian counternarcotics capabilities, its usefulness has sometimes been limited because of long-standing problems in planning and implementation. For example, little progress has been made in launching a plan to have Colombia's National Police assume a larger role in managing the aerial eradication program, which requires costly U.S. contractor assistance. The governments of the United States and Colombia face continuing and new financial and management challenges in implementing Plan Colombia. The costs and activities needed to implement the plan are unknown at this time, and it will take years before any significant reduction in the drug trade is seen. Colombia must resolve problems with its political and economic stability and improve its management of counternarcotics funding in order to successfully implement Plan Colombia. The testimony summarized the October report, GAO-01-26."

Burma is the second largest opium producer in the world, and is quickly becoming a hotbed
of methamphetamine production. Opium profits have helped to finance conflict within
Burma for both the central government and the insurgent ethnic groups; however, with
the 1989 ceasefire agreements with the insurgent ethnic groups the drug control context
changed dramatically. In April 2002, the Kokang and Wa ethnic leaders, whose regions
account for the vast majority of opium poppy cultivation, committed to making their
territory opium-free by 2003 and July 2005 respectively.
The combined drug control efforts of national and local leaders have shown promising
results, as both UN and US opium surveys have confirmed large declines in poppy
cultivation. As Burma continues to reduce opium cultivation, it has struggled in recent
years with an increase in the production of amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS). Combating
the threats from opium and ATS will require different strategies. Stronger border
controls, improved law enforcement and interdiction techniques must complement development
strategies and alternative cropping policies.

I A Survey of the History of Drug-Use and Early Moves Towards International Control -- 1: Social and Cultural Aspects of Drug-Use and Historical Origins of the Use of Opium -- 2: International Action for the Control of Trade and Traffic in Drugs between 1909 and 1919 -- II International Action for the Control of Trade and Traffic in Drugs between 1920 and 1944 -- 3: The Organizational and Functional Framework as Devised by the League of Nations for the Purpose of Controlling the Manufacture of, and Trade and Traffic in, Drugs -- 4: An Examination of the Agreements and Conventions on Opium and Other Dangerous Drugs Concluded between 1920 and 1944 -- III The Structure and Methods of International Drug Control through the United Nations -- 5: The Organizational Framework of the United Nations in Relation to the Control of Drugs -- 6: An Examination of the Drug Protocols Concluded During the UN Period (Prior to the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961) -- 7: An Examination of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961 -- 8: Limitation on Cultivation -- 9: Limitation on the Production of Opium -- 10: Manufacture and Importation of Drugs: Limitation Thereof -- 11: Control of Illicit Trade and Traffic in Narcotic Drugs -- 12: An Examination of the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, 1971 -- IV Contributions of Some of the Inter-Governmental and International Non-Governmental Organizations Concerned with the Eradication of Illicit Trade and Traffic in Narcotic Drugs -- 13: The Organization and Functions of Interpol and the Ingos in the Control of the Drug-Trade -- Conclusions -- League of Nations Documents -- United Nations Documents -- World Health Organization Technical Report Series -- Miscellaneous Documents -- Table of Cases -- Appendices.

"Popular 'war on drugs' rhetoric postulates drug use in the West as the product of the drug production and trafficking roles of non-western societies and non-western peoples within and outside the West. In such rhetoric, African societies and people of African descent in Africa and in Diaspora have received criticisms for their respective roles in drug production and drug trafficking, including the position of many African countries as transit routes for drugs exported to the West. By contrast, the abuse of drugs by populations of African origin around the globe and the harmful consequences of the drug trade and drug abuse on these populations has been little studied. Drawing on contributions from seven countries in Africa; two countries in Europe; and seven countries in the Americas, this volume examines the relationships between drug use, drug trafficking, drug controls and the black population of a given society. Each chapter examines the nature and pattern of drug use or abuse; the effects of drug use or abuse (illegal or/and legal) on other areas such as health and crime; the nature, pattern, and perpetration of trafficking and sale of illegal or/and legal drugs; and past and current policies and control of illegal and /or legal drugs. It will be essential reading for all students, academics and policy-makers working in the area of drug control."--Publisher's description