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Includes 12 economic principles for disarmament and description of research projects underway. Includes a case study of military to civilian conversion in Russia.

The existence of an Atlantic Community with important economic aspects is revealed in the past and present relations among the countries of western Europe and North America. This Community is something less than the fusion of the nations of the Atlantic area advocated by some; it is something more comprehensive and more pervasive than the organizational alternative to "partnership" that others mean by the word. The Atlantic Community dealt with in this article is a state of affairs more than a concept; it does not have to be precisely delineated so long as we can discern its solid central mass. This Atlantic Community—such as it is, and whatever exactly it is—is the child of history and policy. Both genealogies are clearly established and well-known; to recall them helps pose the major questions of the present and future

One of the more striking aspects of the Dutch Welfare State is its apparent difficulty in controlling the number of transfer recipients. A prime example of this management problem is the Disability Insurance program. This monograph presents a thorough investigation of the behavioral responses of employees and firms to this generous disability scheme. The heart of the study is the empirical part based on a rich data set of persons who apply for benefits and those who do not. The data derive both from self-reports as well as medical and vocational expert evaluations. Combining facets of health economics, medical sociology and econometric technique, the authors are able to reveal the intricate causalities that underlie the disability process.

The costs of systemic treatment of lung cancer are rising rapidly due to the use of new and targeted substances. Increases in survival will further add to this development. This explains the exemplary health economic relevance of the treatment of lung cancer, which can be analyzed using various economic methods and instruments. From epidemiologic and economic perspectives, prevention should be given highest priority but the formation of health political and social opinion is not yet completed. Valid evidence on the roles of screening interventions can be expected in the next years. In this article legal, institutional and cooperative approaches within the health care system to address this problem are discussed.

The aim of this thesis is to address certain aspects of climate change which have not attracted sufficient attention. The first part is an empirical one investigating impacts of climate change on households and individuals using the hedonic price approach (for Great Britain and Germany). In addition, we examine the relationship between climate and happiness (for 67 countries). The second part of the thesis is an analytical one in the field of emissions permit trading. As progress in the international negotiations is extremely slow and failure is not excluded we first consider the coordination of domestic markets for tradable emission permits where countries determine their own emission reduction targets. Another aspect which has not attracted sufficient attention is the time-dimension of a trading scheme. We analyse the dynamic aspects of allocating emission rights for different approaches in the final chapter

Indices of democratic development are the important issue of contemporary political studies. Their calculation allows to rank countries by a set of parameters and, accordingly, to assess trends in political changes. In this context, some authors pay attention to the indicators of development of national economies. In general, when it comes to determining the type of political regime, it is necessary to consider the various dimensions (e. g. institutional, socio-cultural). To avoid conclusions based on incomplete information and focus on separate – institutional, cultural, or economic – aspects, it is necessary to use an interdisciplinary approach, which, in addition, allows to consider the maximum number of factors of sustainability of democratic trends. Considering the scholarly debate over the interdependence of political and economic development, the paper compares the indices of democracy with economic development estimates, as well as the Gross domestic product of the countries selected for consideration. Quantitative data were analyzed with the calculation of the corresponding correlation coefficients. Initially, the author identified the relationship between indicators of democratic development to obtain confirmation of the feasibility of further comparison. As the obtained coefficients for the selected group of countries are reliable, the methodology applied to the considered countries is valid for application for other regions for which the listed research institutions carry out evaluations. This allowed the use of democratic development indicators to compare them with assessments of market economy development. Accordingly, there is a correlation between democratic and economic development – indicators of democracy status, democracy index and ranking of countries on the democracy scale on the one hand, and the index of economic freedom, market economy status, indicators of institutional ranking of economic freedoms – one the other. Moreover, it is emphasized that theoretical generalizations about the relationship between democracy / democratization and the level of economic development should take into account not only the correlation between expert assessments, but also the relationship between democratization and GDP. On the other hand – such a relationship is nonlinear, and the conditions of democracy, external and internal factors, as well as the national context are significant. Key words: democracy, political regime, economic development, modernization theory, Gross domestic product.

This paper deals the overview of characteristics and prices of Biomass. The agriculture in Hungary has big potential in energy production from biomass. Economic aspects of the utilizing the Biomass for energy production is very important. The price of biomass production mainly depends on internal agricultural preferences, on biomass transformation prices and the government biomass utilization support.