Suchergebnisse

This paper contributes to the debate on institutions and economic development by assessing the relationship between landownership concentration and education in Post-Unification Italy (1871-1921). Using historical data both at a district- and provincelevel, I nd evidence of a negative eect of land inequality on literacy rates. This result is conrmed when a large set of control variables is included in the analysis. IV estimates using the presence of malaria as a source of exogenous variation rule out further concerns regarding the presence of potential endogeneity. Further evidence is provided once I explore the panel dimension of the dataset. In addition, by analysing the impact on intermediate outputs such as enrolment rates in primary school, child-teacher ratio, school density, child labor and municipality expenditures, this paper provides insights on the mechanism behind this relationship. Land inequality may have adversely aected literacy rates not only by influencing the supply of schooling through the political process, but also through the private demand for education.

[La costituzione economica europea. Osservazioni sulla storia di un'idea irrealizzabile] This essay deals with the development of the integration project in the light of Polanyi's insights, first, with its so-called formative phase. Thereafter it addresses the post-foundational phase, which was characterized by enormous efforts to transform Europe's economy into a "highly competitive social market economy". Finally, it deals with the consummation of market integration by the establishment of Monetary Union. The monetary Union included an erosion of the notion of rule-oriented economic governance and, more drastically, the replacement of the economic constitution by emergency governance. A Governance that represents a technocratic exercise or a praxis that escapes the quest for democratic legitimacy and the constraint of the rule of law.

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The paper aims to assess the financial impact of the rapid assimilation of the French-style artillery into Italian warfare. The focus will be on the policy adopted by the Florentine Republic to improve the efficiency of its logistic system during the War of Pisa (1494-1509): through the analysis of public records, the research will highlight the significant transformations occurred in late medieval military industry, reevaluating the importance of the trade in strategic materials for the early modern economy and demonstrating the concerted effort made by the rising renaissance state to establish a monopoly on the manufacture of arms and «munitions».