Suchergebnisse

Cover -- CONTENTS -- CONTEXT -- OUTLOOK -- PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION -- POLICY DISCUSSIONS -- A. Strengthening the Institutional Foundations of Dollarization -- B. Boosting Competitiveness and Job Creation -- C. Promoting Shared Prosperity and Protecting the Poor and Most Vulnerable -- D. Improving Transparency and Governance -- PROGRAM MODALITIES AND RISKS -- STAFF APPRAISAL -- FIGURES -- 1. Recent Economic Developments -- 2. Fiscal Developments -- 3. A Vulnerable External Position -- 4. The Financial System Has Recovered -- 5. Labor Force Gender Issues -- 6. Competitiveness -- TABLES -- 1. Active Scenario Selected Indicators -- 2. Program Implementation -- 3. Fiscal Consolidation Measures -- 4. Selected Economic and Financial Indicators -- 5a. Operations of the Nonfinancial Public Sector (Net Accounting) (Millions of U.S. dollars) -- 5b. Operations of the Nonfinancial Public Sector (Net Accounting) (Percent of GDP) -- 6. Nonfinancial Public Sector Financing -- 7. Balance of Payments -- 8. External Financing -- 9. Monetary Survey -- 10. Financial Soundness Indicators -- 11. Indicators of Fund Credit 2019.28 -- 12. Proposed Access and Phasing Under the Extended Fund Arrangement -- ANNEXES -- I. Legal Reform on Public Financial Management and Fiscal Rules in Ecuador -- II. Progress on the Reform of the Legal Framework of Banco Central del Ecuador (BCE) -- III. Gender Wage Gap in Ecuador -- APPENDICES -- I. Letter of Intent -- Attachment I. Memorandum of Economic and Financial Policies -- Attachment II. Technical Memorandum of Understanding.

Video games have been created on political and social issues since the beginning of this medium. In recent years, many computer developers are creating and launching games quickly in response to current events. These games are known as "newsgames". Increasingly the number of Internet users increases using the network to consume news. Newsgames could become an important part of how people understand current events and could be an important and expressive genre of video games. Digital journalism is making the media look for new ways to tell news and interact with their audience. A journalist should use Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and implement new journalistic formats. In Ecuador this process takes time to boot although some media are putting these formats into practice as is the case of newsgames. Our work studies the newsgames that are being produced in Ecuador. ; Se han creado videojuegos sobre temas políticos y sociales desde los inicios de este medio. En los últimos años, muchos desarrolladores informáticos están creando y lanzando juegos rápidamente en respuesta a eventos actuales. Estos juegos se conocen como "newsgames". Cada vez más el número de internautas aumenta utilizando la red para consumir noticias. Los newsgames podrían convertirse en una parte importante de cómo la gente entiende los acontecimientos actuales y ser un importante y expresivo género de videojuegos. El periodismo digital está haciendo que los medios busquen nuevas maneras de contar las noticias y de interactuar con su público. Un periodista debe de utilizar las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación (TIC) y poner en práctica los nuevos formatos periodísticos. En Ecuador, este proceso tarda en arrancar, aunque ya algunos medios están poniendo en práctica estos formatos como es el caso de los newsgames. Nuestro trabajo estudia los newsgames que se están produciendo en Ecuador.

Tilapia is a freshwater fish native to Africa that has many characteristics that make it an excellent fish for aquaculture, but it is also considered one of the most dangerous invasive exotic species in the world due to its adaptability and reproductive potential. This essay analyzes the dilemma between the benefits of these fish as an alternative to contribute to agrifood security and the threat it poses to Ecuador's aquatic biodiversity. The absence of official information makes it necessary to investigate the effect of the invasions by tilapia in the rivers, lagoons and estuaries colonized by this species. The level of action to prevent, eradicate or control the tilapia in Ecuador has been very limited and therefore the need to establish strategies to prevent its spread to areas not yet invaded is imposed. Although the government of Ecuador has regulations that restrict the introduction of exotic species, the reality is that, in the case of the tilapia, far from establishing adequate controls, the culture of these fish is promoted without major objections. The possibility of adopting biocontrol strategies to eradicate and / or mitigate the consequences of the invasion by tilapia in the country and the need to promote educational campaigns to create a new environmental behavior, conscience and responsibility in society is discussed. ; La tilapia es un pez dulceacuícola originario del África que posee muchas características que la convierten en un excelente pez para acuicultura, pero también es considerada como una de las especies exóticas invasoras más peligrosas del mundo debido a su adaptabilidad y potencial reproductivo. En este ensayo se analiza el dilema entre las bondades de estos peces como alternativa para contribuir con la seguridad agroalimentaria y la amenaza que representa para la biodiversidad acuática de Ecuador. La ausencia de información oficial hace necesario investigar el efecto de las invasiones por tilapia en los ríos, lagunas y esteros colonizados por esta especie. El nivel de acción para prevenir, erradicar o controlar la tilapia en Ecuador ha sido muy limitado y por lo tanto se impone la necesidad de establecer estrategias para evitar su propagación hacia áreas aún no invadidas. Aunque el gobierno de Ecuador posee regulaciones que restringen la introducción de especies exóticas, la realidad es que, en el caso de la tilapia, lejos de establecer controles adecuados, el cultivo de estos peces es impulsado sin mayores objeciones. Se discute la posibilidad de adoptar estrategias de control biológico para erradicar y/o mitigar las consecuencias de la invasión por tilapias en el país y la necesidad de fomentar campañas educativas para crear un nuevo comportamiento ambiental, conciencia y responsabilidad en la sociedad.

Cover -- CONTENTS -- CONTEXT -- RISKS AND OUTLOOK -- POLICY DISCUSSIONS -- A. Fiscal Adjustment to External Shocks -- B. Ensuring Financial Stability and System Liquidity -- C. Restoring Competitiveness and Promoting Private Sector Participation -- STAFF APPRAISAL -- BOXES -- 1. Revisiting Potential Output Growth -- 2. Recent Proposals and Tax Reforms -- FIGURES -- 1. Real Sector Developments, 2008-14 -- 2. Fiscal Sector Developments, 2008-14 -- 3. External Sector Developments, 2008-15 -- 4. Selected Banking and Financial System, 2002-15 -- 5. Social and Structural Indicators, 2003-14 -- TABLES -- 1. Selected Economic and Financial Indicators -- 2. Operations of the Nonfinancial Public Sector, Net Accounting -- 3. Operations of the Nonfinancial Public Sector, Net Accounting -- 4. Nonfinancial Public Sector Financing -- 5. Balance of Payments -- 6. Monetary Survey -- 7. Financial Soundness Indicators -- 8. Financial and External Vulnerability Indicators -- 9. Medium-Term Macroeconomic Framework -- ANNEXES -- I. Implementation of Advice in Previous Article IV Consultations -- II. External Sector Assessment -- III. Debt Sustainability Analysis -- IV. Financial Stability Assessment -- CONTENTS -- FUND RELATIONS -- RELATIONS WITH THE WORLD BANK -- RELATIONS WITH THE INTER-AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK -- STATISTICAL ISSUES.