Suchergebnisse

Раздел "Международные отношения" ; В статье рассматривается взаимодействие Управления Верховного комиссара ООН по делам беженцев с белорусскими органами государственной власти в вопросе формирования национальной системы защиты беженцев. Показан процесс эволюции законодательства о беженцах, а также рассмотрена техническая помощь со стороны данной международной структуры, оказанная белорусскому государству. Автор считает, что деятельность УВКБ ООН в Республике Беларусь может быть разделена на три этапа. На первом этапе (1992 г.—сентябрь 1995 г.) в нашей стране данная структура системы ООН не была непосредственно представлена. Ее деятельность проводилась через Представительство ООН, в штате которого работал один человек, отвечавший за гуманитарные вопросы и осуществлявший контакты со штаб-квартирой УВКБ ООН в Женеве. Но это не помешало Управлению играть активную роль в формировании системы защиты беженцев в Республике Беларусь. Такая деятельность способствовала началу формирования национальной законодательной базы, что вылилось в принятие первой редакции Закона Республики Беларусь «О беженцах» в 1995 г. и открытие Представительства УВКБ ООН в Республике Беларусь. Выделяя второй этап (сентябрь 1995 г.—май 2001 г.), отметим, что в этот период приоритетными направлениями работы УВКБ ООН в Республике Беларусь стало оказание помощи в разработке и внедрении национального законодательства, содействие в формировании эффективной системы определения статуса беженца, оказания прямой социальной и правовой помощи благодаря партнерам УВКБ ООН из числа общественных организаций, оказание финансовой и технической помощи белорусским органам государственной власти и общественным организациям. Завершающим аккордом такой поддержки белорусской системы защиты беженцев стало присоединение государства к Конвенции 1951 г. и Протоколу 1967 г. Третий этап деятельности УВКБ ООН в Республике Беларусь (май 2001 г.—2003 г.) заключался в помощи белорусскому государству в завершении формирования системы защиты беженцев, приведении национального законодательства, а также процедур в области предоставления статуса в соответствии с международными стандартами; поддержке их реализации с целью обеспечения реальной защиты и адаптации в белорусском обществе. = The article reviews the cooperation between the UNHCR and Belarusian state authority bodies to form the national system of refugee protection, shows the process of evolution of the law on regugees and also describes technical assistance to the Belarusian state rendered by the UNHCR. The author believes that the UNHCR activities in Belarus can be divided into three stages: At the first stage (1992—September 1995) this structure of the UN system had no direct representation in the country. Its activities were carried out by the the UN Office in Belarus. However, this fact did not prevent the Office from playing an active role in the formation of the Belarusian system of refugee protection. This contributed to the adoption of the Law of the Republic of Belarus «On Refugees» in 1995 and opening of the UNHCR Office in the Republic of Belarus. The second stage (September 1995—May 2001) is noted for the priorities which included assistance to development and introduction of national legislation as well as to the formation of an efficient system of refugee status definition, rendering of direct social and legal assistance owing to NGOs as the UNHCR partners, financial and technical support to Belarusian state authority bodies and public institutions. This culminated in Belarus acceding to the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol. The third stage of the UNHCR activities in the Republic of Belarus (May 2001—2003) was marked by the support to the Belarusian state in the completion of the system of refugee protection, harmonising national legislation and procedures in the sphere of granting the status with international standards, the support of their implementation aiming to provide real protection and adaptation in Belarusian society.

Раздел "Международные отношения" ; The Faculty of International Relations of the Belarusian State University united all the achievements of the Departments of International Relations (Faculty of History), International Law (Faculty of Law) and International Economic Relations (Faculty of Philosophy and Economics) when it was set up by the order of the Rector of the Belarusian State University on October 1, 1995. Yet, the history of the Faculty may be traced back to September 1992 when the Department of International Relations was created within the Faculty of History of BSU. The first 14 graduates from the Department of International Relations received their Graduation Certificates in June 1995. Ever since, the Faculty has been pursuing an active policy of creating new departments, of bringing together leading specialists in history, economics, foreign policy and diplomacy, law and of developing its technological and material resources. Following the rapid growth of the number of students and staff, the Faculty moved to a separate building at 25, Academicheskaya St. in autumn 1997. Since the start of its work the Faculty has become one of the most prestigious faculties of the Belarusian State University and, further, among the higher education establishments of Belarus. Currently 1it trains over 2000 students for Bachelor and Specialist Degrees and provides master's, post-graduate and doctorate courses for over 50 students. Together with Belarusian citizens about 130 foreign students from 20 countries are trained in the theory and practice of international relations. Highly qualified specialists are trained at the Departments of International Relations, International Public, Private and European Law, International Economics, International Tourism Management, Customs Affairs, Oriental Languages and Country Studies, Modern Foreign Languages and Cultural Studies. The educational process at the Faculty is provided by 16 departments with more than 240 lecturers; among them there are 10 professors, 70 associate professors, holding academic degrees and titles. Besides the faculty, 60 members of staff are involved in administration and in running the computer and multimedia centers of the Faculty. The faculty invites experts and visiting scholars from other faculties and universities, the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Ministries and State departments, as well as famous politicians and public figures to hold classes and deliver lectures. The Faculty graduates have proved to be highly skilled specialists. They successfully put the knowledge and skills acquired at the University into practice at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Belarus and in other bodies dealing with foreign economic and political affairs. Many of them have defended their degree of Candidate of Science and continue their career at the Faculty. The curricula for all specializations of the Faculty envisage intensive studies of foreign languages. At present 6 departments provide training in 16 modern languages. The possibilities for language training trips and sandwich courses are constantly being expanded. Training the practical professional skills of the students during the whole period of study is crucial. The faculty students take their internships at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Justice, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Education and other state bodies and organizations, as well as in banks and companies. The faculty is engaged in advanced academic research. During the period from 1998 to 2004 professors and lecturers of the Faculty published 53 monographs; 13 course books, approved and recommended for use by the Ministry of Education; 113 textbooks and manuals, 10 of which were approved and recommended for use by the Ministry of Education; 695 academic papers were also published. In the period from 1998 to 2004 40 Candidate of Science dissertations and 7 Doctor of Science dissertations were defended at the Faculty. The Faculty of International Relations takes part in the implementation of the State Programme on Fundamental Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. The most significant output of the Faculty research is the publication of the seven-volume collection of documents and materials «The Foreign Policy of Belarus». The Journal of International Law and International Relations is published quarterly. The Faculty is involved in various international projects. Among the most important ones are the following: TEMPUS JEP «Integrating European Studies in International Relations Education» (Department of International Relations); «Strategy of Developing Ecological Tourism on the Territories of Specially Protected Natural Sites», funded by the UN Global Fund (Department of International Tourism). Every year the Faculty organises various academic and research events, such as: the Round-table «Belarusian-Russian Relations: Challenges and Prospects» (starting in 1998); the National conference «Belarus in the Modern World» (starting in 2002); students' conference «Diplomatic Readings» on the Faculty Foundation Day (starting in 2002); «Belarusian International UN Model» (starting in 2003). There are two Councils for the Defense of Doctor of Science and Candidate of Science academic degrees: in History of International Relations and Foreign Policy and in International Law, European Law. The Faculty is involved in a wide international academic network. Among the partner universities are Moscow State University, Kiev State University, Vilnius University, Moscow State Institute of International Relations, Wroclaw University, Free University of Berlin, Vienna Diplomatic Academy, Asser Institute of International Public and Private Law, Beijing University of Linguistics and Culture, Cairo State University and other educational and research institutions of the countries of the CIS, Europe, Asia and America. At present an Agreement on Cooperation with the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation is being worked out. The Faculty representatives take an active part in various international projects and programs, research and teaching methodology training workshops. The Faculty of International Relations is developing successfully. Its faculty, students, and staff would not be content with the results achieved and every year they add new bright pages to its emerging history.

Статья посвященавопросам формирования ценностно-смысловых образований личности воспитанника общеобразовательных школ-интернатов с первоначальной летной подготовкой. Рассмотрены факторы развития ценностно-смысловыхобразований личности воспитанника, влияющие на профессиональное самоопределение, методы воздействия на воспитанников с целью формирования у них ценностно-смысловых образований, а также особенности и принципы проведения тренинга развития военно-профессиональной направленности. ; The paper is devoted to the issues of forming value orientations of students of general education boarding schools with elementary grounding in flying. It deals with the factors of developing a students value orientations which influence professional self-determination, methods of affecting the students with a view to forming their value orientations as well as the peculiarities and principles of developing military professional trend.

Раздел "Международные отношения" ; На основе архивных документов в статье рассматривается положение восточных белорусских земель, в частности, Витебской губернии в условиях польско-советской войны 1919-1920 гг. Специфичность этого положения в том, что часть уездов губернии была оккупирована, другая часть находилась в прифронтовой зоне. Показаны изменения в структуре аппарата местного управления и его деятельности. Раскрыта роль местных властей в организации военно-полевого строительства, эвакуации материальных ценностей, снабжении Западного фронта всеми необходимыми ресурсами. Обращается внимание на негативные моменты в организации этой деятельности: слабость руководящих работников низовых исполкомов во время наступления польских войск осенью 1919 г., недостаточное обеспечение материальными средствами, зависимость от российского центра практически по всем направлениям деятельности. В статье также охарактеризовано положение Витебской губернии после белопольской оккупации, анализируется ущерб, нанесенный конкретным уездам и волостям. = Basing her study on the archive documents, the author considers the situation in the Eastern Belarusian lands and the Vitebsk region in particular in the conditions of the 1919—1920 Soviet-Polish war. The specific nature of this status lies in the fact that some of the region districts were occupied and the rest were near the front-line. The article shows the changes in the structure and activities of local state executive bodies, reveals their role in the organization of the field military building works, the evacuation of material goods and in the supply of the Western front with all necessary resources. It draws attention to the negative moments in these activities: the weakness of district top executives during the attack in the autumn of 1919, insufficient provision in material goods, dependence on the central authorities in Russia in almost all fields of activities. The author also gives a description of the situation in the Vitebsk region after its occupation by Polish troops and evaluates the damage to specific districts.

The article is about the objective laws of the development of social control. Social control is considered as an element of social management. The author analyzes the features of transformation forms of social control in the context of changing social relations. Particular attention is given to the characteristic types of social control and its development trends.

В статье раскрывается специфика социального контроля как социального явления. Автор анализирует как исторически изменялся социальный контроль, подходы к его определению, его виды, методы, система применяемых санкций. Особое внимание уделено выявлению источников процесса социального контроля общества.

The article presents the evolution of the government policy towards medical education in XIX - the beginning of XX century, shows the peculiarities of cooperation of central and local authorities in creating medical establishments and their activities. The author investigates financial policy of the government in terms of medical education. = Прослеживается эволюция политики правительства Российской империи в отношении медицинского образования на протяжении XIX - начала XX в., выявляются особенности взаимодействия центральных и местных властей в создании и деятельности медицинских учебных заведений на территории Беларуси.