Suchergebnisse

General elections were held in the Kingdom of Sweden on the 9th of September 2018; parliamentary (riksdagsval), municipal (landstingsval), and local elections (kommunalval). Citizens and residents of Sweden elect 349 members of parliament, county representatives from 20 counties, and representatives of municipalities within those counties, depending on the population in each unit. Since these are general elections, the results do not vary much, and the results are similar at all levels of government. This paper presents the results decided at all levels, detailing the results for the parliamentary elections. The results of this election took European and international public by surprise. The Sweden Democrats have crystallized as a third political option in Sweden, repeating an outstanding result in two cycles in a row. The success of the Swedish Democrats has tarnished the image of liberal and tolerant Sweden and its image of neutrality in the world. It remains to be seen how Swedish politics will respond to future challenges.

Elections are important events in democratic governments, and voting is a right and a responsibility. Being educated about the election process in an important part of becoming an informed citizen. This book explores the election system, key elections that happen in the United States, and the historic path to securing elections for all. Readers will learn about the ways people work together to ensure elections are free and fair today. Each chapter presents crucial aspects of elections supported by corresponding photographs, related sidebars, and fascinating fact boxes. Your readers are asked questions about what they've read to strengthen comprehension and critical-thinking skills.

General Elections are the embodiments of the mandate stipulated in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Article 1 paragraph (2) which affirms that "sovereignty is in the hands of the people and carried out according to the Constitution". The Formulation Document that will be formulated in the research are: (1) What is the violation in the general election? And (2) What is law enforcement in general election. The method used in this study is normative legal research, normative legal research methods or library law research methods are methods or procedures that are used in legal research by examining existing library material. Election violations constitute acts prohibited by the Election Law against election organizers resulting in the imposition of sanctions for violations. The enactment of Law Number 7 Year 2017 on General Elections provides for different types of violations, disputes, criminal offenses and electoral disputes. The crime of elections is a criminal offense punishable by a particular punishment based on the criminal justice system. The purpose of election is to carry out popular sovereignty and the realization of the political rights of the people to produce leaders who will occupy important positions in the government.

Popular, competitive elections are a component of the democratic process, but they alone do not constitute a democracy. The first somewhat competitive election in the Soviet Union in 1989 marked the beginning of a trend toward political liberalization & democracy. Since then the Russians have voted for their chosen candidates many times, although only a small percentage of the adult population participates. The elections, on all levels, have been held as prescribed by law, though the first founding election for a new political system under a new constitution did not take place until December 1993. The campaigns & outcomes of the Gorbachev, Yeltsin, & (the first) Putin elections, & the corresponding parliamentary elections, are described. Under Putin, the elections still perform a quasi-democratic function, but they are now controlled by state institutions that have the ability to falsify the outcomes in favor of Putin-supported incumbents. J. Stanton

I consider a model in which the winner of a primary election faces a third candidate in a general election immediately thereafter. Prior to the primary election, there is a pre-election poll on how voters would vote in a hypothetical general election between one of the candidates in the primary election and the third candidate. I illustrate that voters have an incentive to misrepresent their voting intentions in the pre-election poll in order to influence voter beliefs about candidate electability in the general election and possibly cause voters to vote differently in the primary election. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Ltd., copyright holder.]

The 2000 presidential election, marked by a crisis in the electoral process in the state of Florida and a challenge to the legitimacy of the election of George W. Bush, sparked a national debate on the quality of American democracy. The discussion quickly came to focus on "technical" problems associated with voting practices, including issues related to voter registration, ballot counting, ballot machinery, and election administration. Numerous commissions weighed in on these issues and made recommendations for reforming various aspects of the election system.1 Congress debated election reform and ultimately passed the Help America Vote Act (HAVA) at the end of the 107th Session of Congress in 2002. Legislatures in all fifty states also took up the issue, and many states passed measures to improve election administration.

This article argues that the increasing international interest in elections as exemplified by the rise of international election monitoring induces temporal shifts in the use of violent intimidation by political actors. The presence of international electoral missions lowers the potential for election-day violence relative to the pre-election period because domestic actors likely refrain from intimidating opposition candidates or voters before the eyes of international observers, but creates incentives for political actors to engage in violent manipulation in parts of the electoral process receiving considerably less international attention, such as the pre-election period. The article expects that international election observation increases the incidence of violent manipulation during electoral campaigns. An empirical analysis of election-related violence for African elections in the 1990-2009 period shows that the presence of election observers increases the incidence of pre-election violence, but has no effect on election-day violence. [Copyright Elsevier Ltd.]

Wahlverhalten, Fragen zum politischen System und sozio-ökonomische
Einstellungen.

Themen: Fernsehrezeption und Radiorezeption; Nachrichtensendungen in
Rundfunk und Fernsehen; Lesen von Tageszeitungen; Information über die
Parteien im Fernsehen; Politikinteresse; Zufriedenheit mit der
Demokratie; politische Diskussionen; Wahlbeteiligung und
Wahlentscheidung; Gründe für die Wahlentscheidung; Parteipräferenz;
Gewinner der Wahlen; Sympathieskala der Parteien; Issue-Kompetenz der
wichtigsten Parteien; Zweitstimme 1994 und angenommene Gewinner der
Wahl; Wahlverhalten und -absicht im zweiten Wahlgang; Vergleich von
Vorkriegsregierung, Regierung um 1975 und gegenwärtiger Regierung
(Skala); Rechte von Opposition und extremen Gruppen; Einschätzung der
sozio-ökonomischen Lage (Skala); progressive versus gleiche Steuern;
Inflation versus Arbeitslosigkeit; Tempo der Privatisierung;
Privatisierung von großen Industrieunternehmen, Banken, Krankenhäusern,
Fernsehstationen, landwirtschaftlichen Betrieben und Kraftwerken;
Effektivität versus Privatisierung; Regulierung der Immigration;
Abschaffung der Kindergärten; Einfluß der Kirche auf den Lerninhalt der
Schulen; Umgang mit der Landwirtschaft; Respekt vor Autoritäten;
Pressefreiheit; Gewährleistung der gegenwärtigen Grenzen; Einfluß von
Gewerkschaften, privaten Betrieben, Regierung, Präsident, Parlament,
internationalen Finanzorganisationen und ausländischen Firmen; Einfluß
des Staates auf das Alltagsleben; finanzielle Situation des eigenen
Haushaltes vor einem Jahr und angenommene Veränderungen in einem Jahr;
ökonomische Situation des Landes im Vergleich zur der vor einem Jahr;
Inglehard Index; Einschätzungen der Parteien; Haltung zur potentiellen
NATO- und EU-Mitgliedschaft; Ungarns Grenzen; präferiertes politisches
System; Haltung zu Nationalismus, Abtreibung, Kircheneinfluß,
Restitutionsansprüchen, Ungleichheit, Wirtschaftshilfe, Menschenrechten,
Umweltschutz, Gesundheitsschutz, Moral, politischer Stabilität,
Privatisierung, Patriotismus, Demokratie, Juden, Medienmonopol und neuer
Bourgeoisie; Restauration des Kommunismus; Parteineigung von Freunden
und der Familie; präferierter Premierminister;
Links-Rechts-Selbsteinstufung; Liberal-Konservativ-Selbsteinstufung;
frühere und gegenwärtige Parteimitgliedschaft; Mitgliedschaft in
sozialen Organisationen; politische Partizipation; Religion,
Kirchgangshäufigkeit; Veränderungen im Berufsleben; soziale
Schichtzugehörigkeit; Restitutionsansprüche; Zugehörigkeit zur
Volksgruppe der Zigeuner; Wohnortgröße.