Suchergebnisse

The EU Marine Strategy Directive (2008/56/EC) proposes four marine regions as a political geographic framework for implementation of the Community's environmental policy. This study critically analyzes the state-based approach, which the Directive uses to outline the regions' boundaries. It suggests that environmental sustainability of marine odies strongly depends on the geographic congruence between their watersheds and the borders of the respective environmental management system, i.e., marine regions have to be environmentally managed within their watersheds. The proposed watershed-based approach also takes into consideration all elements – water, land, and air – of marine regions, which is a conditio sine qua non for their integrated and sustainable management. In the case of the Black Sea region in particular, the borders of a watershed-based environmental management system include a much wider set of stakeholder countries and enable a higher level of environmental cooperation among them. ; Direktiva marinske strategije Europske unije (2008/56/EC) predlaže četiri marinska područja kao političko geografski okvir za primjenu politike o zaštiti okoliša u Europskoj uniji. Ovaj rad kritički analizira pristup koji se temelji na državnim granicama, a kojim se Direktiva koristi za određivanje granica regija. Autor također smatra da održivost okoliša u marinskim područjima uvelike ovisi o geografskom podudaranju između pojedinih sljevova i granicama njihovih sustava upravljanja okolišem, tj. okolišem u marinskim područjima treba upravljati unutar njihovih sljevova. Predloženi pristup koji se temelji na granicama sljevova također u obzir uzima sve elemente marinskih sustava (voda, zemlja i zrak), koji su conditio sine qua non za integralno i održivo upravljanje. Crno more je dobar primjer u kojem sustav upravljanja okolišem koji je određen granicama slijeva uključuje puno veći broj zemalja dionika te omogućuje višu razinu suradnje među zemljama vezano uz upravljanje okolišem.

Using The White Paper (by which the EU has been trying to help the CEEC countries to bring their legislative activities in line with the EU regulation), the author looks into the regulation of genetically modified (GM) products & the ways in which risks from GM products can be minimized. The essay includes a review of the existing regulations & an analysis of the changes in the political & economic circumstances that require the corresponding changes in the existing by-laws. The prime movers in the arena in which the GM products policy is designed are scattered intercontinentally: the multinational corporations of the US agro-industrial complex, the individual farmers & their associations on both sides of the Atlantic, & the European agro-industrial businesses & governments. The disagreement among these protagonists was made apparent during the process preceding the adoption of the Protocol on Bio-Security, envisaged as the framework for the new regulation. The communique of the EU Commission as a sequel to the Cartagena Protocol on Bio-Security illustrates the EU's approach to the application of the caution principle, which is particularly appropriate in the situations in which science is not able to take in all the risks connected with the GM products. The process of the modification of the EU regulation on GM products is an indication of the complexity of the interests involved. This is the reason the process has not been completed. However, this does not justify the delay in the launching of this process in Croatia, which could use the regulation of other countries, briefly summarized at the end of the essay. Adapted from the source document.

U ovom se radu istražuju determinante životnog zadovoljstva na uzorku od 135 zemalja. Osnovni se doprinos rada sastoji u ispitivanju osjetljivosti životnog zadovoljstva na okolišne i društvene eksternalije. Rezultati analize, pritom, imaju implikacije i za nosioce javnih politika. Naime, oni pokazuju da neki faktori konzistentno utječu na razinu životnog zadovoljstva građana, bez obzira jesu li okolišne ili društvene eksternalije uključene u analizu. Postoji, međutim, i skup faktora čiji utjecaj na razinu životnog zadovoljstva oscilira ako se spomenute eksternalije uključe u analizu. Rezultati analize također pokazuju da je razina životnog zadovoljstva u tranzicijskim zemljama, uz ostale nepromijenjene uvjete, niža u odnosu na druge zemlje iz uzorka, upućujući na zaključak da u ovim zemljama nisu ostvarena ranija očekivanja građana. ; Using recent cross-country data for 135 nations, this paper examines the determinants of life satisfaction. The main contribution lies in examining the sensitivity of satisfaction to externalities, both social and environmental. Besides contributing to the literature, the findings also have some implications for public policy. The results show that some factors consistently affect life satisfaction whether or not externalities are considered, while others are sensitive to such considerations. Even under each category of spillovers, the influence in satisfaction varies. Further, other things being the same, satisfaction was lower in transition nations, perhaps signifying that these countries were somehow failing to meet the expectations of their citizens.

U ovom tekstu izložit će se pitanje jednog novog oblika konstitucionalizma: zelenog ili ekološkog konstitucionalizma, koji je postao svojevrsno "pitanje dana" suvremene ustavne politike, kao i osnovne konture njegove problematike s kojom se susreće moderni ustavotvorac i ona demokratska politika koji su voljni realizirati mjere "ekološki protektivne politike". Posebna pozornost će se, dakle, pokloniti izvorima, oblicima i svrsi afirmacije recentnog zelenog konstitucionalizma. Temeljno je polazište da konstitucionalizaciju zaštite okoliša ne treba promatrati kao panaceu koju bi trebalo izbjegavati ili uklanjati iz amplituda ordinarnog političkog odlučivanja. Naprotiv, inzistiranjem na njegovoj konstruktivnoj ulozi moguće je zagovarati i ostvarivati demokratsku političku kontrolu nad "raspojasanim" snagama tržišta koje preko okoliša i drugih pitanja koja se tiču javnog dobra već dugo žele do kraja ostvariti politiku deregulacije i korporativne vladavine. ; This text presents the issue of a new form of constitutionalism: green or ecological constitutionalism, which has become its own kind of "today's issue "of contemporary constitutional politics. This also includes the basic contour of this problem area with which the modern constitution maker is faced Also introduced will be democratic politics with which they are willing to achieve measures of "ecological protective policy". Particular attention will be given to the sources, forms and aims of affirming recent green constitutionalism. The fundamental starting point is that constitutionalising environmental protection should not be viewed as a panacea which should be avoided or removed from the amplitudes of ordinary political decision making. On the contrary, by insisting on its constructive role, one could also discuss and achieve democratic political control over "licentious" market forces which through environmental and other issues regarding the public good, for a long time have wanted to completely achieve deregulation and corporative rule policy.

Ciljevi ovog rada su: 1) odrediti ključne promjene u procesu razvoja Zajedničke ribarstvene politike EU (ZRP) i hrvatske ribarstvene politike te 2) opisati strukturu i dinamiku kretanja makroekonomskih i proračunskih pokazatelja vezanih uz hrvatsko ribarstvo u razdoblju 2007.-2016. U radu je korištena povijesna metoda i deskriptivna analiza makroekonomskog stanja i strukture proračuna. ZRP je službeno uveden 1983. godine s namjerom da predstavlja zajednički sustav upravljanja ribarstvom u ime svih zemalja članica. Ciljevi ZRP-a bili su: riješiti konflikte zemalja članica na morima, osigurati stabilnost sektora ribarstva, spriječiti totalno uništenje ribljih stokova i osigurati ribarima bolju kvalitetu života. Međutim, ZRP je redovito na meti kritika zbog nedovoljne primjene okolišnih mjera i znanstvenih sugestija kao i zbog nedostatka zajedničkog dijaloga između institucija EU i lokalnih dionika razvoja. Kako u EU, tako se i u Hrvatskoj sektor ribarstva suočio s mnogo problema, a osobito devedesetih godina prošlog stoljeća, u vrijeme tranzicije. Neki od njih bili su ozbiljni pad ulova, zastarjela tehnologija i ribarska flota, osiromašenje podmorja, nedostatak razvojnih trendova u marikulturi, nedostatak mjera za razumno iskorištavanje i zaštitu pojedinih vrsta većeg ekonomskog značaja. Razdoblje pregovora za ulazak u EU predstavljalo je ujedno i priliku da hrvatski sektor ribarstva prilagodi svoje ciljeve, mjere i dionike u svrhu dostizanja održivog i međunarodno konkurentnog sektora u budućnosti. Također, članstvo olakšava trgovinu unutar EU zone i značajnu financijsku i tehničku podršku. Struktura potpora iz proračuna i postojeća politika naglašavaju povećanje primjene strukturnih mjera koje bi trebale doprinijeti poboljšanju društvenih, gospodarskih i okolišnih elemenata u ribarstvu. ; The aim of the paper is: 1) to determine the key changes in the evolution process of the EU Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) and the Croatia's fisheries policy and 2) to describe the structure and dynamics of macroeconomic and budget performance related to Croatian fisheries in the period 2007-2016. Two methods were used: the historical method and the descriptive analysis of macroeconomic performance and budget structure. The CFP was officially introduced in 1983, bringing the management of fisheries in all EU member states under one system. Its aims were: to resolve sea conflicts between member states, to provide stability to the fisheries sector, to prevent a total collapse of fish stocks and to provide higher quality of life to the fishermen. However, the CFP has constantly been criticized for poor enforcement of environmental measures and scientific recommendations, and for the lack of a common language between the EU institutions and local stakeholders. Both the European and Croatian fisheries sector faced many problems, especially during the transition period in the 1990s. Some of them included a serious decrease of catches, outdated technology and fisheries fleet, depletion of demersal species, lack of developmental trends in mariculture, absence of measures of rational exploitation and protection of economically significant species. The negotiation period was an opportunity for the fisheries sector in Croatia to adapt its goals, measures and stakeholders in order to achieve a more sustainable and internationally competitive fisheries sector in the future. The membership facilitates trade in the EU area, along with providing significant funding and technical assistance. The budget support structure and the existing policy framework point out an increase in the implementation of structural measures which should assist in an overall improvement of social, economic and environmental aspects of fisheries.

Zajednička poljoprivredna politika (ZPP) ustanovljena 1962.god. je najznačajnija javna politika na koju odlazi velik dio proračuna Europske unije. Nakon 30 godina stabilnosti, ZPP prolazi kroz prvu značajnu reformu 1992., poznatijom kao MacSharryjeva reforma. Zatim slijede Agenda 2000 (1999.), Srednjoročni pregled (eng. Mid-Term Review, MTR 2003.), Zdravstveni pregled (eng. Health-Check, 2008.), Reforma ZPP-a 2013.-2020. i Reforma nakon 2020. Početkom 1990.-ih, kroz trgovinske pregovore u sklopu GATT-a (današnjeg WTO-a) na međunarodnoj razini se postiže dogovor, Sporazum o poljoprivredi, čime su se postavile prihvatljive i neprihvatljive mjere agrarne politike. Promjenom stavova društva o poljoprivredi i njezinom financiranju, unazad 30-ak godina, mijenjali su se i ciljevi agrarne politike, te oni sada obuhvaćaju zaštitu okoliša, krajobraz, dobrobit životinja, kvalitetu i sigurnost hrane. ; The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) established in 1962 is the most important public policy to which a large part of the European Union budget goes. After 30 years of stability, the CAP is undergoing its first significant reform in 1992, better known as the MacSharry reform. This is followed by Agenda 2000 (1999), Mid-Term Review (MTR 2003), Health-Check (2008), CAP reform 2013-2020. and CAP post 2020 reform. In the early 1990s, through trade negotiations under the GATT (today's WTO), an agreement was reached at the international level, the Agreement on Agriculture, which set out acceptable and unacceptable agricultural policy measures. With the change in society's attitudes towards agriculture and its financing, over the past 30 years, the goals of agricultural policy have changed, and they now include environmental protection, landscape, animal welfare, quality and food safety.

Environmental supervision and government subsidy are important tools for government to promote green innovation. The influence of these two policy orientations on green innovation performance is spreading widely, but the specific indirect mechanism of policy orientation inducing green innovation needs further exploring. This paper introduces the knowledge-dynamic ability (knowledge production ability, knowledge acquisition ability, knowledge integration ability) into the analysis framework of enterprise green innovation, and studies the mediating effect of the knowledge-dynamic ability on policy orientation and green innovation. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2015, the empirical findings are as follows: Firstly, the knowledge-dynamic ability plays a remarkable mediating role in promoting between policy orientation and green innovation, which indicates that improving the knowledge-dynamic ability is a core mechanism of policy orientation to induce enterprise green innovation. Secondly, the knowledge-dynamic ability plays a complete mediating role in the relationship between environmental supervision and green innovation. Environmental supervision promotes green process innovation by enhancing knowledge acquisition ability and induces green product innovation by enhancing knowledge production ability. Thirdly, the knowledge-dynamic ability plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between government subsidy and green innovation. Government subsidy improves enterprise green process innovation by enhancing knowledge acquisition ability and knowledge integration ability, and induces enterprise green product innovation by enhancing knowledge production ability and knowledge integration ability. ; Nadzor okoliša i vladine subvencije važni su alati vlade za promicanje zelenih inovacija. Utjecaj tih dviju smjernica politike na rast zelene inovacije se širi, ali potrebno je dodatno istražiti specifične neizravne mehanizme usmjerenosti politike koje potiču zelene inovacije. U ovom radu uvodi se dinamička sposobnost znanja (sposobnost proizvodnje znanja, sposobnost stjecanja znanja, sposobnost integracije znanja) u okvir analize poduzeća zelenih inovacija i proučava posrednički učinak sposobnosti dinamike znanja na usmjerenost politike i zelene inovacije. Empirijski nalazi koji se temelje na panel podacima 30 kineskih provincija za razdoblje od 2000. do 2015. su slijedeći: Prvo, dinamička sposobnost znanja ima značajnu posredničku ulogu između promicanja usmjerenosti prema politici i zelenih inovacija, što ukazuje na to da je poboljšanje dinamičke sposobnosti znanja temeljni mehanizam usmjeravanja politike za poticanje zelenih inovacija u poduzeću. Drugo, dinamička sposobnost znanja igra potpunu posredničku ulogu u odnosu između nadzora okoliša i zelenih inovacija. Nadzor okoliša promiče inovacije zelenih procesa povećavajući sposobnost stjecanja znanja i potiče inovacije zelenih proizvoda poboljšanjem sposobnosti proizvodnje znanja. Treće, dinamička sposobnost znanja ima djelomično posredničku ulogu između državnih subvencija i zelenih inovacija. Državne subvencije poboljšavaju inovacije zelenog procesa u poduzeću povećavanjem sposobnosti stjecanja znanja i sposobnosti integracije znanja, te potiču inovacije zelenih proizvoda u poduzeću povećavanjem sposobnosti proizvodnje znanja i sposobnosti integracije znanja.

Nasuprot shvaćanjima o energetskoj politici kao funkcionalno-tehničkom problemu, ili na drugoj strani, kao borbe između materijalističkih i postmaterijalističkih vrijednosnih obrazaca u industrijskom, odnosno postindustrijskom društvu, ovaj rad dokazuje sljedeće hipoteze: a) u korijenu današnjih energetskih problema leže konflikti oko raspodjele, b) vrijednosti o kojima se radi, čak i na području zaštite okoline, materijalističke su naravi, c) razlike u energetskoj politici Sjedinjenih Američkih Država i Zapadne Njemačke mogu se objasniti različitim obrascima raspodjele, a težište im je u različitim vrednotama proizašlim iz razlika između industrijskih i demografskih struktura, te geološkog bogatstva, d) energetska politika, a posebno izbor pravca fleksibilne »soft energy«, može se uspješno provoditi nastajanjem »pobjedničke koalicije« poklanjanjem dovoljno pažnje pitanjima raspodjele koja su u to uključena. Zaokrete k fleksibilnoj energetskoj politici autor veže uz pokrete za zaštitu okoline i programe novih energetskih projekata na lokalnoj razini i razini globalnog društva. Na taj način, zaključuje se, »energetski sindrom« i redistributivni konflikti ne moraju biti uzroci dublje političke i društvene dezorganizacije. ; As opposed to the notion of energy policy as a functional-technical issue, and — on the other hand — as a struggle between materialistic and post-materialistic value patterns in the industrial and post-industrial society, the article is arguing the following hypotheses: (1) distributional conflicts represent the roots of the contemporary energy problems, (2) the values involved, even in the field of environmental protection, are of a materialistic nature, (3) the differences in energy policies of the United States and Western Germany can be explained by different distributional patterns, having as their core divergent values stemming from differences between industrial and demographic structures and geological resources, (4) the energy policy, especially the choice of the path of flexible »soft-energy «, can be successfully implemented by the emergence of a »winning coalition« which takes sufficient account of the distributional issues involved. Switches toward flexible energy policies are, according to the author, tied to activities of movements for environmental protection and to programs of new energy projects on the local level and on the global societal level. In such a manner, it is concluded, the »energy syndrome« and redistributional conflicts are not necessarily causes of a profound political and societal disorganization.

Sigurnost je temeljni preduvjet opstanka, djelovanja i razvoja čovjeka, države i društva. Suvremene studije sigurnosti uključuju vojno, političko, socijetalno, gospodarsko i ekološko područje. Unatoč bitnom proširenju i produbljenju interesa, sigurnosne studije u područje interesa nisu uključile socijalnu sigurnost. U radu se propituju razlozi za teorijsko (ne)uključenje socijalne sigurnosti u suvremene sigurnosne studije. Analiza empirijskog činjeničnog obilja upućuje na zaključak o potrebi preispitivanja takvog stajališta. Socijalna sigurnost jest »sigurnosno područje«. Teorijski, analitički i empirijski u radu se dokazuje da socijalna sigurnost i njezini akteri imaju sigurnosne dimenzije zbog čega socijalna sigurnost treba biti dio sigurnosnih studija. ; Security is a fundamental prerequisite for existence, functioning and development of the human, state and society. The contemporary security studies include political, military, societal, economic and environmental sectors. In spite of the substantial widening and deepening of the approaches to security, social security is not included into security studies. This article critically examines the issues and reasons for the lack of inclusion of social security in the contemporary security studies. The analysis of abundant empirical facts suggests the need to reassess this view. This article theoretically, analytically and empirically proves that social security and its actors have a security dimension. Social security should be incorporated into security studies.

Using The White Paper (by which the EU has been trying to help the CEEC countries to bring their legislative activities in line with the EU regulation), the author looks into the regulation of genetically modified (GM) products & the ways in which risks from GM products can be minimized. The essay includes a review of the existing regulations & an analysis of the changes in the political & economic circumstances that require the corresponding changes in the existing by-laws. The prime movers in the arena in which the GM products policy is designed are scattered intercontinentally: the multinational corporations of the US agro-industrial complex, the individual farmers & their associations on both sides of the Atlantic, & the European agro-industrial businesses & governments. The disagreement among these protagonists was made apparent during the process preceding the adoption of the Protocol on Bio-Security, envisaged as the framework for the new regulation. The communique of the EU Commission as a sequel to the Cartagena Protocol on Bio-Security illustrates the EU's approach to the application of the caution principle, which is particularly appropriate in the situations in which science is not able to take in all the risks connected with the GM products. The process of the modification of the EU regulation on GM products is an indication of the complexity of the interests involved. This is the reason the process has not been completed. However, this does not justify the delay in the launching of this process in Croatia, which could use the regulation of other countries, briefly summarized at the end of the essay. Adapted from the source document.

Budući da je voda jedan od najvažnijih prirodnih resursa, potrebno je njome dobro i učinkovito upravljati. Premda je Hrvatska bogata vodom, sektor vodoopskrbe i odvodnje suočava se s velikim pristupanja Europskoj uniji. Uz usklađivanje pravnih propisa s pravnom stečevinom Unije (acquis communautaire), institucije i tvrtke koje se bave vodoopskrbom i odvodnjom morat će prihvatiti nove načine poslovanja. To će doves ti do integriranog upravljanja vodom, temeljenog na načelima održivog razvoja. Potrebno je revidirati politiku određivanja cijena vode u Hrvatskoj i oblikovati ju prema Okvirnoj direktivi o vodama Europske unije. U radu se navode koraci koje je potrebno poduzeti kako bi se ostvarili visoki standardi Unije u sektoru vodoopskrbe, kojiima značajan društveni, ekološki i gospodarski utjecaj. Poboljšanja u sektoru vodoopskrbe i odvodnje ne utječu samo na Hrvatsku, već i na cijelu regiju, budući da su hrvatski vodni resursi dio nekoliko riječnih slivova. ; Since water is one of the most valuable natural resources, it needs good governance and efficient management. Although Croatia is water rich country, its water sector is facing with major challenges during the EU accession process. Besides legal harmonization with EU acquis communautaire, water institutions and water supply companies will need to accept new operating models. This will lead to the integral water management, based on the principles of sustainable development. Water pricing policy in Croatia needs to be re-evaluated and structured according to the Water Framework Directive. This work presents necessary steps that should be under taken in order to achieve high EU standards in the water sector that has significant social, environmental and economic impact. The improvements in the water sector would have not only national, but also broader regional character, since Croatian water resources are significant part of several river basins.

Taking into consideration all the benefits & pitfalls of its political, economic, military, & cultural legacies, the People's Republic of China has adopted a policy of reliance on rapid economic growth & improvement of the standard of living conducive to political & social stability of Chinese society & state. This goal has been accomplished only temporarily & partially, while the final result depends primarily on the ability of the Chinese leadership to find the golden mean between the two opposites: the closed political system & the need to maintain an open economy. In its search for a place in today's world, China is faced with the central choice of equitable participation in the global community: full acceptance of its mechanisms & principles (beginning with the UN) & international trade norms, the protection of human rights, armament control, environmental protection, etc. However, the Chinese see in this a threat of the erosion of Chinese independence & the possibility of choice & political independence of the Chinese state. Adapted from the source document.

Gotovo pola stoljeća urbano planiranje u Hrvatskoj razvijalo se u okviru socijalističkoga režima. Ono je tijekom toga razdoblja uglavnom imalo ulogu rješavanja hitnih problema razvoja socijalističkoga režima vezanih za prostor i omogućavanja gospodarskoga rasta. Ovaj članak analizira urbano planiranje u Hrvatskoj između 1944. i 1991. godine kroz osam aspekata: opću zadaću planiranja u promatranoj etapi, zakonsku regulativu, odnos prema društvenom planiranju, političkoinstitucionalnu odgovornost, utjecaj urbanih planera na planersku praksu, provedbu planova, sudjelovanje javnosti i odnos prema okolišu. Analizirani su arhivski podatci i literatura o zakonodavstvu i praksi urbanoga, prostornoga i društvenoga planiranja u SR Hrvatskoj, uključujući planerske časopise Arhitekturu i Čovjek i prostor, kao i plansku legislativu iz socijalističkoga razdoblja. Definirano je pet razvojnih etapa kroz koje je urbano planiranje doživjelo decentralizaciju od federalne do razine općine (komune) te napredak glede sudjelovanja javnosti i razmatranja utjecaja na okoliš. Također je analiziran razvoj planskih alata nastalih tijekom socijalističkoga razdoblja, a koji su ostali u upotrebi do danas. ; For almost half of a century, urban planning in Croatia took place under the socialist regime. During that time, it mostly played a role in addressing the pressing space-related issues of the development of socialist society, and in facilitating economic growth. In this paper, we examine urban planning in Croatia between 1944 and 1991 from eight aspects: the general roles of planning; legislation; relationship to societal planning; political-institutional responsibility; urban planners and policy; plan execution; public participation; and environmental concerns. We analysed archival data and literature on urban, spatial and societal planning legislation and practices in the Socialist Republic of Croatia, including the planning journals Arhitektura and Čovjek i prostor, and planning legislation from the socialist period. We outlined the five evolutionary phases over which urban planning experienced decentralisation from the federal to the communal level, advancements in public participation, and the involvement of environmental considerations in the decision-making process. We also studied the evolution of planning tools, which originated in the socialist period but remains in use today.

Posljednjih godina svjedočimo buđenju ekološke svijesti općenito, kako u svijetu tako i u Europi. No kako to Europska unija upravlja svojim financijskim sektorom i usmjerava ga ka održivosti? Na koji način ona provodi "pozelenjivanje" svog financijskog sektora? Odgovori na to su sljedeći. Europska je unija krenula od uzroka. Kratkoročna ulaganja nisu povoljna kao dugoročna ulaganja kada govorimo o održivosti. Trend kratkoročnih ulaganja puno je privlačniji od dugoročnih ulaganja u Europi, stoga je Europska unija odlučila promijeniti dosadašnje trendove kroz veću transparentnost zelenih investicija i njihovu klasifikacija kroz sustav taksonomije zajedno sa standardom zelenih obveznica. Sve to u cilju postizanja, prvenstveno, Pariškog klimatskog sporazuma, a potom postizanja glavnog cilja, odnosno klimatske neutralnosti do 2050. godine. ; In recent years, we are witnessing the rise of environmental awareness, both on the global and European levels. But how does the European Union manage its financial sector and steers it towards sustainability? How is it implementing greening in its financial sector? This thesis attempts the answer these guestions by explaining recent EU policy developments. The European Union decided to address some of the main problems. For instance, short-term investments are not as favorable as long-term investments when it comes to sustainability. Short-term investments are much more attractive than long-term investments in Europe, so the European Union has decided to change the current trends through greater transparency of green investments and their classification through the taxonomy system together with the green bond standard. All this in order to achieve, primarily, the Paris Climate Agreement, and then to achieve the main goal, that is climate neutrality by 2050.

Posljednjih godina svjedočimo buđenju ekološke svijesti općenito, kako u svijetu tako i u Europi. No kako to Europska unija upravlja svojim financijskim sektorom i usmjerava ga ka održivosti? Na koji način ona provodi "pozelenjivanje" svog financijskog sektora? Odgovori na to su sljedeći. Europska je unija krenula od uzroka. Kratkoročna ulaganja nisu povoljna kao dugoročna ulaganja kada govorimo o održivosti. Trend kratkoročnih ulaganja puno je privlačniji od dugoročnih ulaganja u Europi, stoga je Europska unija odlučila promijeniti dosadašnje trendove kroz veću transparentnost zelenih investicija i njihovu klasifikacija kroz sustav taksonomije zajedno sa standardom zelenih obveznica. Sve to u cilju postizanja, prvenstveno, Pariškog klimatskog sporazuma, a potom postizanja glavnog cilja, odnosno klimatske neutralnosti do 2050. godine. ; In recent years, we are witnessing the rise of environmental awareness, both on the global and European levels. But how does the European Union manage its financial sector and steers it towards sustainability? How is it implementing greening in its financial sector? This thesis attempts the answer these guestions by explaining recent EU policy developments. The European Union decided to address some of the main problems. For instance, short-term investments are not as favorable as long-term investments when it comes to sustainability. Short-term investments are much more attractive than long-term investments in Europe, so the European Union has decided to change the current trends through greater transparency of green investments and their classification through the taxonomy system together with the green bond standard. All this in order to achieve, primarily, the Paris Climate Agreement, and then to achieve the main goal, that is climate neutrality by 2050.