Suchergebnisse

The work by Enrique Leff lead us to think through the emergence of ecological thinking, referring to the social, economic, and political changes that have taken place in society, especially concerning the increased production of technological innovations through scientific knowledge. Such changes depict environmental degradation arising from a crisis of knowledge, with excessive appreciation of absolute, unquestionable, fragmented knowledge, which subsumed environmental issues, the relation between human beings and the environment and nature. The spillover of knowledge has produced and it still produces an emptying of existential senses of human beings, denying the otherness constructed through social relations and issues of being in time and history. ; A obra de Enrique Leff faz refletir sobre o surgimento do pensamento ecológico, remetendo às transformações sociais, econômicas e políticas que estão ocorrendo na sociedade, especialmente em relação ao aumento da produção de inovações tecnológicas a partir do conhecimento científico. Essas transformações retratam uma degradação ambiental oriunda de uma crise do conhecimento, em que há uma valorização excessiva do saber absoluto, inquestionável, fragmentado, que subsumiu as questões ambientais, a relação do ser humano com o ambiente e a natureza. O transbordamento do conhecimento produziu e produz um esvaziamento dos sentidos existenciais dos seres humanos, negando a outridade construída a partir das relações sociais e das questões do ser no tempo e na história.

The present article deals with the urbanization process in the Paraíba do Sul river basin, covering social occupation under consideration of the legal provisions for areas surrounding water resources. The study has the purpose of assessing the Environment Preservation Area, called APA Banhado, in the city of São José dos Campos, a municipality belonging to the Metropolitan Region of the Paraíba Valley and the Northern Sea Shore (RMVPLN) in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The research carried out made use of materials and information collected from aerial images obtained from remote sensing databases maintained by public offices, and the provisions of the APA Banhado implementation law. In order to extract information from satellite images, the methodology proposed by Moreira (2011) was applied, which suggests an automatic software classification in the Geographical Information Systems (SIG), with visual interpretation. The maps generated from the classification of the APA Banhado were based on reference data from the years of 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015. The results revealed conflicts between the environmental legislation and the land use, which prompted the possibility of generating basic data capable of incorporation into public planning policies and the preserved area environmental management, including a revision of concepts under the environmental preservation, as a future safety water reserve for the metropolitan region of the Paraíba Valley – SP. ; The present article deals with the urbanization process in the Paraíba do Sul river basin, covering social occupation under consideration of the legal provisions for areas surrounding water resources. The study has the purpose of assessing the Environment Preservation Area, called APA Banhado, in the city of São José dos Campos, a municipality belonging to the Metropolitan Region of the Paraíba Valley and the Northern Sea Shore (RMVPLN) in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The research carried out made use of materials and information collected from aerial images obtained from remote sensing databases maintained by public offices, and the provisions of the APA Banhado implementation law. In order to extract information from satellite images, the methodology proposed by Moreira (2011) was applied, which suggests an automatic software classification in the Geographical Information Systems (SIG), with visual interpretation. The maps generated from the classification of the APA Banhado were based on reference data from the years of 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015. The results revealed conflicts between the environmental legislation and the land use, which prompted the possibility of generating basic data capable of incorporation into public planning policies and the preserved area environmental management, including a revision of concepts under the environmental preservation, as a future safety water reserve for the metropolitan region of the Paraíba Valley – SP. ; O presente artigo aborda o processo de urbanização sobre a bacia do rio Paraíba do sul, considerando a ocupação social, pautado nos parâmetros legais, nas vizinhanças de recursos hídricos. O estudo tem como objeto de avaliação a Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) denominada Banhado, na cidade de São José dos Campos, município da Região Metropolitana do Vale do Paraíba e Litoral Norte (RMVPLN), São Paulo, Brasil. Para a realização da pesquisa foram utilizados materiais e informações de imagens aéreas, obtidas através de banco de dados de sensoriamento remoto de órgãos públicos, e as diretrizes da lei de implantação da APA do Banhado. Para a extração de informação das imagens de satélite, foi aplicada a metodologia proposta por Moreira (2011), que sugere uma classificação automática em software em ambiente de Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIG), com interpretação visual. Os mapas gerados de classificação da APA estadual do Banhado foram subsidiados por dados de referência ano 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 e 2015. Os resultados obtidos são considerados conflitantes, entre a legislação ambiental e o uso do solo na área de estudo, propiciou a possibilidade de gerar subsídios passíveis de incorporação a políticas públicas de planejamento e gestão ambiental da área protegida, com a revisão de conceitos sob a ótica de preservação ambiental, como uma futura reserva de segurança hídrica, para a região metropolitana do Vale do Paraíba – SP.

In order for the correct final destination of empty pesticide packaging to occur, the participation of the entire production chain, from the manufacturer, shopkeeper to the users (farmers) must be involved. The legislation is very clear and demanding about correct disposal, but control is sometimes flawed, and incorrect disposal occurs which can poison humans and contaminate water bodies and animals. This is likely due to lack of information and training or even insufficient information. Thus, the objective of this research was to diagnose the behavior of a group of farmers from São José dos Quatro Marcos (MT) regarding the correct disposal of empty pesticide packages, through semi-structured interviews and bibliographic research. We conclude that the educational level of farmers could be one of the major factors interfering with their knowledge of pesticides, causing this lack of prior knowledge to result in actions understood as being commonplace when working with pesticides. ; In order for the correct final destination of empty pesticide packaging to occur, the participation of the entire production chain, from the manufacturer, shopkeeper to the users (farmers) must be involved. The legislation is very clear and demanding about correct disposal, but control is sometimes flawed, and incorrect disposal occurs which can poison humans and contaminate water bodies and animals. This is likely due to lack of information and training or even insufficient information. Thus, the objective of this research was to diagnose the behavior of a group of farmers from São José dos Quatro Marcos (MT) regarding the correct disposal of empty pesticide packages, through semi-structured interviews and bibliographic research. We conclude that the educational level of farmers could be one of the major factors interfering with their knowledge of pesticides, causing this lack of prior knowledge to result in actions understood as being commonplace when working with pesticides. ; Para que ocorra a correta destinação final das embalagens vazias de agrotóxicos é necessário a participação de toda a cadeia produtiva, desde o fabricante, o lojista, até o usuário, isto é, os agricultores. A legislação é bem clara e exigente sobre o descarte correto, porém, o controle, as vezes, é falho, ocorrendo o descarte incorreto o que pode possibilitar a ocorrência de intoxicação de seres humanos, contaminação corpos d'água e animais. Provavelmente, isto ocorra devido à falta de informações e de treinamentos, ou à insuficiência deles. Com isso, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi de diagnosticar o comportamento de um grupo de agricultores de São José dos Quatro Marcos (MT) com relação ao descarte correto das embalagens vazias de agrotóxicos, através de entrevistas semiestruturada e pesquisas bibliográficas. Observou-se que o grau de escolaridade do agricultor poderia ser um dos grandes fatores a interferir no grau de conhecimento dos agricultores sobre os agrotóxicos, fazendo com que essa falta de conhecimento prévio resultasse em ações entendidas como natural ao se trabalhar com os agrotóxicos.

Urbanization of the watersheds in developing countries is generally accelerated and disorderly. The urbanization process generates soil impermeability, which impedes the infiltration of rainwater, accelerating surface runoff to favor accumulation of water at the lowest points, causing flooding. The construction of micro reservoirs for rainwater storage and infiltration within residential areas can minimize flood problems. In the present study, the effective precipitation and its reduction in the Itaim stream basin in the city of Taubaté, SP, were estimated by usage of 3400 and 6800 liters micro reservoirs to capture water on 125 m² roofs in different soil occupations, according to the Law 412/2017 of the Master Plan of Municipal Physics of Taubate (PDFMT). Effective precipitation was estimated using the curve number (CN) method, while variation in land use and occupation considered the land area in accordance with current legislation, with urban expansion at 50 and 100% over the macrozone rural, as well as 100% urban consolidation. The results showed that surface runoff (Pe) in the Itaim basin increases with the expansion of the urban area, as well as urban consolidation. The use of micro reservoirs considerably reduces runoff volumes. The micro reservoir, with a storage volume of 3400 liters, made it possible to restrict the flow promoted by rain of up to 25 years of return period, simulating the urban expansion of 50% over the rural area, while the reservoir with 6800 liters in capacity contains rain of up to 200 years return period for the same simulation condition. Although this type of structure was not considered in the municipal land use and occupation law, this study demonstrates that the use of hydraulic systems or elements with potential to reduce runoff can be an important means to ensure the sustainability of urbanization. of watersheds with planned stormwater disposal. ; Urbanization of the watersheds in developing countries is generally accelerated and disorderly. The urbanization process generates soil impermeability, which impedes the infiltration of rainwater, accelerating surface runoff to favor accumulation of water at the lowest points, causing flooding. The construction of micro reservoirs for rainwater storage and infiltration within residential areas can minimize flood problems. In the present study, the effective precipitation and its reduction in the Itaim stream basin in the city of Taubaté, SP, were estimated by usage of 3400 and 6800 liters micro reservoirs to capture water on 125 m² roofs in different soil occupations, according to the Law 412/2017 of the Master Plan of Municipal Physics of Taubate (PDFMT). Effective precipitation was estimated using the curve number (CN) method, while variation in land use and occupation considered the land area in accordance with current legislation, with urban expansion at 50 and 100% over the macrozone rural, as well as 100% urban consolidation. The results showed that surface runoff (Pe) in the Itaim basin increases with the expansion of the urban area, as well as urban consolidation. The use of micro reservoirs considerably reduces runoff volumes. The micro reservoir, with a storage volume of 3400 liters, made it possible to restrict the flow promoted by rain of up to 25 years of return period, simulating the urban expansion of 50% over the rural area, while the reservoir with 6800 liters in capacity contains rain of up to 200 years return period for the same simulation condition. Although this type of structure was not considered in the municipal land use and occupation law, this study demonstrates that the use of hydraulic systems or elements with potential to reduce runoff can be an important means to ensure the sustainability of urbanization. of watersheds with planned stormwater disposal. ; A urbanização das bacias hidrográficas dos países em desenvolvimento é geralmente acelerada e desordenada. A urbanização gera impermeabilidade do solo, o que evita a infiltração de água da chuva no solo e acelera o escoamento superficial, favorecendo o acúmulo de água nos pontos mais baixos, causando inundações. A construção de micro reservatórios para armazenamento de água da chuva e infiltração em áreas residenciais pode minimizar os problemas de inundação. No presente estudo, a precipitação efetiva e sua redução na bacia do rio Itaim, na cidade de Taubaté, SP, foram estimadas devido ao uso de micro reservatórios de 3400 e 6800 litros para captar água em telhados de 125 m² em diferentes usos do solo conforme definição da Lei 412/2017 do Plano Diretor de Física Municipal de Taubaté (PDFMT). A precipitação efetiva foi estimada pelo método do número da curva (CN) e a variação no uso e ocupação da terra considerou a área de terra de acordo com a legislação vigente, com expansão urbana de 50 e 100% sobre a zona rural da macrozona e consolidação 100% urbana. Os resultados mostraram que o escoamento superficial (Pe) na bacia do Itaim aumenta com a expansão da área de expansão urbana, bem como com a consolidação urbana. O uso de micro reservatórios reduz consideravelmente os volumes de escoamento. O micro reservatório com um volume de armazenamento de 3400 litros permitiu conter o fluxo promovido pelas chuvas de até 25 anos de retorno, simulando a expansão urbana de 50% sobre a área rural e os 6800 litros podem conter chuvas de até 200 anos. período de retorno para a mesma condição de simulação. Embora esse tipo de estrutura não tenha sido considerado na lei municipal de uso e ocupação do solo, este estudo demonstra que o uso de sistemas ou elementos hidráulicos com potencial para reduzir o escoamento pode ser um meio importante para garantir a sustentabilidade da urbanização. bacias hidrográficas com disposição planejada de águas pluviais.

AutossustentabilidadeSuporte à Biosfera -- Objetivos e PadrÃæes do Projeto -- CapÃƯtulo 6. Paisagens e Ecossistemas Semiculturais -- CulturalizaÃão de Paisagens -- Exemplos de Paisagens Semiculturais -- SeleÃão de Objetivos Semiculturais para RestauraÃão -- PARTE III. Como Restauramos -- CapÃƯtulo 7. Referîncias Ecológicas -- Conceito de Referîncia -- Tipos de Ecossistema de Referîncia -- Etapas na PreparaÃão do Modelo de Referîncia -- Referîncias Temporais -- Referîncias na RestauraÃão de Paisagem -- Trajetórias

Na análise de conflitos socioambientais por mineração, vários trabalhos têm apontado as diversas causas que originam estes cenários de tensão sobretudo em comunidades locais. Contudo, um aspecto pouco abordado é a percepção dos riscos como causa de um conflito socioambiental. A partir dessa premissa, este trabalho discute teorias que abordam os riscos e o princípio da precaução com a teoria da justiça ambiental a fim de identificar os elementos comuns entre estas e suas implicações em conflitos que envolvem coletividades. A conexão analítica entre o princípio da precaução e a teoria da justiça ambiental permite advertir que, em alguns conflitos por mineração, além da rejeição aos riscos por possíveis efeitos poluentes, existem outras questões inter-relacionadas de conteúdo epistemológico, social, cultural, econômico e político que influenciam nos cenários de conflito. O trabalho mostra que estas inter-relações se expressam principalmente nas limitações intrínsecas do conhecimento científico para a avaliação de riscos e incertezas em projetos de mineração complexos e na disputa política que envolve avaliação e decisão sobre riscos que poderiam afetar bens incomensuráveis como o ambiente, a saúde humana e as formas de organização de diversas comunidades. ; In the analysis of socioenvironmental conflicts by mining, several studies have pointed out the various causes that give rise to these tension scenarios, especially in local communities. However, one aspect that is not addressed is the perception of risks as a socio-environmental conflict cause. Based on this premise, this work discuss the theories that approach the risks and precautionary principle with the theory of environmental justice in order to identify the common elements between both and their implications in the context of conflicts that involve collectivities. We argue that the analytical link between the precautionary principle and the environmental justice theory allows us to note that in some conflicts regarding mining, in addition to the rejection of risks due to possible polluting effects, there are other interrelated issues of epistemological, social, cultural, economic and political content that influence in conflict scenarios. The work shows that these interrelations are expressed mainly in the intrinsic limitations of scientific knowledge for the evaluation of risks and uncertainties in complex mining projects, and in the political dispute surrounding the evaluation and decision on risks that could affect incommensurable goods such as the environment, human health and the forms of organization of various communities.

The excessive amount of pesticides applied in agricultural areas may reach surface water, thereby contaminating it. Thus, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of pesticides used in a sub-basin headwater with coffee crops, situated in the Dom Corrêa district, Manhuaçu, Minas Gerais. The region of study is a great producer of coffee. Crops occupy steep areas and are situated close to surface water bodies. In this study, four sample collection points were selected in streams as well as a point in the distribution network and two points in the water treatment station (raw and treated water) a total of seven points. The samples were collected in rainy and dry seasons. Organochlorines, organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates and triazoles pesticides were identified by liquid and gas chromatography analysis with tandem mass spectrometry. The occurrence of pesticides was more evident in the rainy season. A total of 24 distinct pesticides were detected. At least one pesticide was identified in 67% of the samples collected during the rainy season and in 21% of the samples collected during drought. Many pesticides detected in water are not regulated in Brazilian legislation regarding potability. ; The excessive amount of pesticides applied in agricultural areas may reach surface water, thereby contaminating it. Thus, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of pesticides used in a sub-basin headwater with coffee crops, situated in the Dom Corrêa district, Manhuaçu, Minas Gerais. The region of study is a great producer of coffee. Crops occupy steep areas and are situated close to surface water bodies. In this study, four sample collection points were selected in streams as well as a point in the distribution network and two points in the water treatment station (raw and treated water) a total of seven points. The samples were collected in rainy and dry seasons. Organochlorines, organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates and triazoles pesticides were identified by liquid and gas chromatography analysis with tandem mass spectrometry. The occurrence of pesticides was more evident in the rainy season. A total of 24 distinct pesticides were detected. At least one pesticide was identified in 67% of the samples collected during the rainy season and in 21% of the samples collected during drought. Many pesticides detected in water are not regulated in Brazilian legislation regarding potability. ; O excedente dos agrotóxicos aplicados nas áreas agrícolas pode atingir as águas superficiais, contaminando-as. Assim, o principal objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a presença dos agrotóxicos em águas superficiais e utilizadas para abastecimento público em uma sub-bacia de cabeceira, com cultivo de café, situada no distrito de Dom Corrêa em Manhuaçu, Minas Gerais. A região de estudo é grande produtora de café, as lavouras ocupam áreas íngremes e situam-se próximas aos cursos d´água. Para isso, foram selecionados quatro pontos de coletas de amostras de água nos córregos, um ponto na rede de distribuição e dois pontos na estação de tratamento (água bruta e tratada), totalizando sete pontos. As amostras foram coletadas em período chuvoso e seco. Agrotóxicos organoclorados, organofosforados, piretróides, carbamatos e triazóis foram constatados por meio de análise por cromatografia líquida e gasosa com espectrometria de massas em tandem. A ocorrência de agrotóxicos foi mais evidente no período chuvoso. Vinte e quatro agrotóxicos distintos foram detectados. Pelo menos um agrotóxico foi detectado em 67% das amostras coletadas, durante a estação chuvosa, e em 21% das amostras coletadas durante a estação seca. Muitos agrotóxicos detectados não estão relacionados na legislação brasileira de potabilidade.

The META MPE Project "Socioeconomic and Environmental Diagnosis of Small-scale Mining in Brazil," is a comprehensive study of the SSM sector within the Brazilian context. Carried out on request from the Brazilian Ministry of Mining and Energy (MME), the study has as its objective to analyze the socioeconomic and environmental dynamics of SSM universe in Brazil and, from the evaluation of the sector's current conditions, to recommend public policy aiming at its organization and promotion. In this way, the diagnostic made by the Projekt-Consult/RCS Global Consortium has the purpose of providing information for strategic planning. This study was requested by MME from the acknowledgment that the array of existing information on SSM in Brazil had several constraints. Being exclusively based on data related to formalized operations, it does not reflect the practical reality of the sector in the country. Official statistics are incomplete, outdated to some extent, and scattered throughout various institutions within the Brazilian public administration. In order to bridge this gap, a survey was done to include – on top of documentation analysis, case studies in five regions selected to represent the universe of substances extracted by SSM in Brazil, viz. gold (Tapajós mining reserves, in Pará, and in the Peixoto valley, in Mato Grosso), clay (Santa Gertrudes ceramic hub, in São Paulo), gems and precious stones (Jequitinhonha and Mucuri valleys, in the Northeast of Minas Gerais), and construction aggregates (Recife metropolitan area, in Pernambuco). There was also done a comprehensive survey of the literature and documentation on the economic impact at local, regional, and national levels, as well as that related to SSM public policies. Upon overlaidand compared, the bibliographic analyses and the considerations on legislation and public policy for SSM, the case studies revealed the existence of behavioral and organizational standards in the SSM universes that brought up a fresh view of the sector. Qualitative data represents the analysis base for this socioeconomic and environmental report. It covers features that cannot be analyzed exclusively from quantitative data, such as the characteristics of the forms of organization, the social structure of mining communities, environmental impact and the connections between the SSM sector and the economic, governmental, and social sectors. The analysis included issues such as gender, labor relations and other variables, such as age, education level, professional autonomy, and migration. From the analysis of this data, the motivation of social players, in adopting particular lifestyles, and in choosing specific economic and environmental behaviors, become evident, as well as the stance of stakeholders in this area regarding the formalization process. Hence the report characterizes the SSM universe in Brazil in detail, by dealing with social, cultural, economic, political, and environmental issues. The five case study reports found in Volume II of Report 3 provide input for the final analysis of the domestic scenario of SSM. However, Volume I of Product 3 and each case study report making up Volume II can be read independently. There is a great variation in the forms of organization of MPE in Brazil. The role of the MPE sector in each locality is different in social, cultural and economic terms. The degree of inclusion in the economic system, in the legal system, and capital-labor relationships in the extraction process are all important variables. However, the people involved in the activity also share several important characteristics, even if there are differences in terms of the mineral substance extracted and the type of mining. The analysis of public policies shows that these do not always meet the needs of the sector. It can be concluded, for example, that the mineral extensionism initiative did not work as expected due to difficulties in coordination and cooperation between the agents involved. In addition, it is possible to infer that the mineral APL projects also did not materialize as foreseen for a different reason: the lack of capacity to create structures of mutual trust between the agents involved in the activity. Finally, the analysis of the socioeconomic dynamics of the SSM and of the public policies aimed at it, reveals the presence of governance mechanisms inherent to informality intrinsic to the studied universes. The results point to the existence of a self- sustaining cycle of informality, from a history of years of misinformation, conflicting policies and distrust of the players in the sector when it comes to government policies, associated with the complex process of formalization and the punitive approach of agents in charge of overseeing activities. The report presents, in its Chapter 9, some reflections on the challenges and possibilities for a more efficient SSM organization, and Chapter 10 shows the conclusions and proposals for developing public policies for this sector.

Espera-se que o lançamento da Ambiente e Água seja mais um serviço à publicação científica nas áreas da Ciência voltadas para os recursos hídricos e ambientais do Brasil e do mundo. Especialmente, espera-se que a Ambi-Água promova a divulgação científica no âmbito internacional e, dessa forma, promova a integração científica global. Esta revista publica artigos originais em Português, Inglês e Espanhol. Nesta primeira edição foram publicados artigos em todas as três línguas originários de diferentes regiões das Américas (Central e do Sul). Esses artigos abordaram a investigação da relação da temperatura superficial do mar com a pesca de lagosta (Panulirus argus) em águas cubanas; a variabilidade da resposta hidrológica associada com fenômenos episódicos como o El Niño e La Niña; a detecção em tempo quase real de desflorestamento na Amazônia; o efeito de diferentes níveis de irrigação e de adubação nitrogenada na produtividade do trigo; a caracterização climática e o estudo de tendências nas séries temporais de temperatura do ar e precipitação; e a evolução espacial de áreas irrigadas no médio Vale do Paraíba do Sul, sudeste do Brasil, demonstrando a interdisciplinaridade no escopo da revista. ; This release is the first edition of this new interdisciplinary scientific journal, named Ambiente e Água - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science, Ambi-Agua, in short. The journal was so named to characterize the emphasis in publishing scientific papers in the areas of Environmental Sciences and Water Resources, once these scientific areas typically integrate systems and processes of the ecosphere (biosphere and atmosphere). Specifically, this Journal will publish scientific findings in the area of Hydrology, Hydrogeology, Environmental Engineering and Sanitation, Forest Engineering and Forest Resources, Ecology, Aquiculture, Oceanology and Fishing Resources, Agronomy, Agrometeorology and Agricultural Engineering, Global Change, Fishing Engineering and Zootechnology, Geography, Geology, Environmental Science, Environmental Legislation and Pollution, among others. As well as, papers in the areas of Remote Sensing, Geotecnologies and Spatial Analysis concerned with the study of water, environment and public health. ; Ésta es la edición del lanzamiento de este nuevo periódico científico de temática interdisciplinaria denominado Ambiente e Água - "An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science", para abreviar denominado Ambi-Agua. El nombre del periódico ha sido elegido para caracterizar el énfasis en la publicación de las obras científicas en las áreas de Ciencias Ambientales y de Recursos Hídricos, considerando que esas áreas de la ciencia son típicamente integradoras de sistemas y procesos que ocurren en el ecosfera (biosfera y atmósfera). Específicamente, este periódico publicará artículos científicos en las áreas de Hidrología, Hidrogeología, Ingeniería Ambiental y Saneamiento, Ingeniería Forestal y Recursos Forestales, Ecología, Acuacultura, Oceanología y Recursos Pesqueros, Agronomía, Agrometeorología y Ingeniería Agrícola, Cambios Globales, Ingeniería de la Pesca y Zootecnia, Geografía, Geología, Educación Ambiental, Derecho Ambiental, Contaminación, entre otros. Así como, en las áreas de Percepción Remota, Geotecnologias y Análisis Espacial involucradas en el estudio del agua, ambiente y la salud pública.

Background: Biodiversity is essential for its instrumental, scientific, and political values, and its knowledge is vital to promote its preservation. Objectives: This study identified and analysed the presence of knowledge related to biodiversity in Biology and/or multidisciplinary items in the National High School Examination (ENEM) over ten years between 2009 and 2018. Design: Longitudinal study, based on qualitative methodology. Setting and participants: Education and science experts participated in the analyses. Data collection and analysis: Data were collected on the INEP website. Analyses performed by researchers and an expert panel. Results: We found a clear prevalence of the category "Ecology and Environmental Sciences" in the items, which is in agreement with the literature. However, we also found a disproportionate distribution of questions concerning the categories of the reference matrix of the discipline of Biology. Furthermore, there is significant variability in the theme in different years. We discussed the consequences for curriculum and conservation. Conclusions: There is an imbalance that reveals a dominant trend, acting as a structuring element of the questions, that silences other major areas of Biology and can influence the curriculum and practices of secondary school teachers. The high variability of the occurrence of the biodiversity theme in Biology tests suggests a non-harmonic relationship, which may be associated with the statistical demands of the IRT modelling, between the selection of questions and the reference matrix of the Biology categories, with possible consequences for the curriculum.