Many cultural assets unearthed in archaeological excavations, elements that make up the culture of the settled communities such as technology, art, economy and, if any, can be revealed through written sources. However, in the case of nomadic communities, there is a prejudice that temporary shelters made of lightweight materials are "invisible communities" defined by only a small number of material items available for transportation. As a result of these prejudices, the nomadic culture has been tried to be understood either through negative elements in the settlements, written sources written by the settlers, or through ethnoarchaeological research. In the Archeology Department of Atatürk University Social Sciences Institute, under the supervision of Proffesor Dr Mehmet Işıklı, the "Archaeological Evidence of Nomadic Culture in the Southeast Anatolian Region: An Ethnoarchaeological Study" one of the important questions encountered during the studies carried out within the scope of the doctoral thesis titled " to what extent modern nomadic communities will reflect the cultures of the ancient period" has been.
In this article, the question "what is culture" was chosen as the first step to start looking for answers to all these unknowns and questions, within the framework of the great transformations of humanity in the transition to a production economy, the elements that make up the culture were examined, and the elements of culture were discussed through the answers given by different scientists to this question.
Bu çalışma Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Programı'nın (USBP) 2010 tarihinde çevre üzerine otuz bir ülkede gerçekleştirdiği anket çalışmasının Türkiye verisini kullanarak vatandaşların çevre üzerine algılarını tartışmaktadır. Çalışma, Türkiye'de farklı demografik grupların çevre ile alakalı benzer endişeler dile getirdiklerini; ancak, bu endişelerini siyasi aktörlere iletebilecekleri kurumsal mekanizmalardan yoksun olduklarını ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma ayrıca, kırsal nüfusun çevre ile alakalı ortaya koyduğu algı ve eğilimlerdeki farklılıklara dikkat çekmektedir. Son olarak, Türkiye örneğinin farklı ülkelerle karşılaştırılması çevre sorunlarına etkin çözümler getirebilmiş Almanya örneğini öne çıkarmaktadır. ; Present study discusses citizen's perceptions and attitudes about environment in Turkey. For this purpose, it utilizes International Social Science Program's (ISSP) cross-country survey on environment, which was conducted in 2010 across thirty-one countries. The study's findings show that citizens of different demographic groups in Turkey mention similar concerns about the environment. Yet they also lack instituonal mechanisms to communicate these concerns to political actors. The study also underlines rural population's different perceptions and attitudes towards environmental issues in comparison with other demographic groups. Last but not the least, the comparison of the Turkish case with different countries highlights Germany as an important case study. ; No sponsor
Bu çalışma 25-26 Nisan 2019 tarihinde Ankara'da düzenlenen "Fiscaoeconomia International Congress on Social Sciences", adlı kongrede sözlü olarak sunulmuş, ancak basılmamıştır. ; Gelecek kuşaklara daha iyi yaşanılabilir bir dünya bırakmak her bireyin olduğu gibi işletmelerin de üzerine düşen bir görevdir. Bu görev sosyal sorumluluk anlayışının bir gereğidir. Günümüzde işletmeler maksimum kara odaklandıklarından sosyal sorumluluklarını yerine getirme konusunda çelişkiye düşebilmektedir. Amaç, sadece maksimum kar elde etmek olmamalı, aynı zamanda çevrenin sürdürülebilirliğine katkı sağlamak olmalıdır. İşletmelerin finansal tablolarına baktığımızda çevre adına bir maliyet unsuruna çok az rastlanmaktadır. Çevre muhasebesi sisteminin uygulanması bu boşluğu dolduracaktır. Ve böylece işletmelerin çevreye yaptıkları yatırım maliyetleri finansal tablolarında yer almış olacaktır. Gelişmiş ülkelerde, örneğin Japonya ve İsveç'te çevre maliyetleri işletmelerin finansal tablolarında açıkça görülebilir. Bu çalışmada BİST Sürdürülebilirlik Endeksinde yer alan 63 işletmenin, sürdürülebilirlik, sosyal sorumluluk ve çevre faaliyetleri incelenmiştir. Ayrıca şirketlerin çevre maliyetlerini finansal tablolarında nasıl gösterdikleri incelenerek çevre muhasebesini uygulayıp uygulamadıkları değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda işletmelerin çevre muhasebesini uygulamadıkları, finansal raporlarında ve sürdürülebilirlik raporlarında çevre ile ilgili sayısal bilgilerden ziyade genel bilgilerin yer aldığı tespit edilmiştir. ; Leaving a better livable world for future generations is a duty of businesses as well as every individual. This task is a requirement of social responsibility. Nowadays, as businesses focus on maximum profits, they may be in conflict with their social responsibilities. The aim should not only be to achieve maximum profit, but also to contribute to the sustainability of the environment. When we look at the financial statements of the enterprises, a cost element for the environment is very rare. The implementation of the environmental accounting system will fill this gap. And thus, the investment costs of the enterprises to the environment will be included in their financial statements. Indeveloped countries, for instance Japan and Sweden, environmental costs are clearly seen in the financial statements. In this study, were examined sustainability, social responsibility and environmental activities of 63 businesses in the BIST Sustainability Index. In addition, it is examined whether companies show environmental costs in their financial statements and whether they apply environmental accounting. As a result of the study, it was determined that enterprises do not apply environmental accounting, and general information rather than numerical information about environment is included in financial reports and sustainability reports.
DOI:10.17336/igusbd.305639 ; 26 Nisan 1986'da Çernobil nükleer enerji santralinde meydana gelen kaza sonucunda oluşan nükleer serpinti, aralarında Türkiye'nin de bulunduğu pek çok ülkeyi etkilemiştir. Sonuçları itibariyle çevresel problemlerin sınır aşan niteliğini gösteren bir örnek olan Çernobil kazası, ağırlıklı olarak insan sağlığı ve çevreyle ilgili problemlere yol açmıştır. Ekonomik ve dış politikaya dair yansımalarıyla birlikte uluslararası bir sorun halini alan bu kaza, kısa sürede siyasi bir krize dönüşmüştür. Kazanın öğrenilmesinden sonra etki altında kalan ülkelerin birbirinden farklı acil durum ve kriz yönetimi süreçleri söz konusu olmuştur. Bu makale, söz konusu krizde Türkiye'nin tutumunu, acil durum ve kriz yönetim süreçlerini ve kazanın Türk dış politikasına yansımalarını analiz etmektedir. ; Many countries including Turkey were affected by the nuclear accident that took place at the the Chernobyl nuclear power plant on April 26, 1986. Regarding its consequences, Chernobyl accident, which was an example of the transboundary nature of environmental problems, have mainly caused human health and environmental problems. This accident, which became an international problem with its economic and foreign policy reflections, soon turned into a political crisis. After learning the accident, the affected countries went through different emergency and crisis management processes. This article analizes Turkey's attitude, emergency and crisis management processes, and the reflections of this accident on Turkish foreign policy.
Energy has been the most contested meta since the mid-19th century. Since energy was utilized for light and heating at first and later for industrial production it has become one of the indispensable element of social and economic life. In line with the industrial and technological development, increasing energy need and consumption have become one of the indicators of power in economic, political and social areas since having political power depends on a strong economy. Also, energy is a fundamental factor in contemporary economy. Therefore, states struggle to have necessary energy resources, keep energy routes under control and access to energy easy and cheaply. Since the states do not have an equal position in energy reserves, there occurs a struggle to possess and access to energy resources. On the other hand, it has to be noted that possession of energy resources does not mean that that state has economic and political power. Since energy is an area of contesting global powers, it may lead to political, economic and social instability. It is possible to test the above statement by looking at the present and potential conflict areas in the world. Energy creates political as well as economic dependency between energy supplying and consuming countries. In order to mitigate the effects of this dependency, regional and global cooperation occurs. On the other hand, energy becoming a political tool with high economic and political cost has led states, both suppliers and consumers, to alternative energy resources. Thus, it is possible to explain why states with high levels of income from energy resources started to invest in other areas that can create income, such as tourism. Another issue is the legal and environmental problems occurring during the extraction and transportation of energy resources. Environment and environmental problems are top in the agenda of the world since the end of 21st century. Huge environmental contaminations on land and sea occurring during production and transportation of fossil fuel demonstrates the importance of the issue. In the light of all these issues, 1. International Eurasia Energy Problems Symposium has been held in 28-30 May 2015 at İzmir Katip Çelebi University by the Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences in order to host as an academic platform for up-to-date ideas and opinions. During the symposium, experts on the area found opportunity to express their opinions in areas of energy supply and security, alternative energy resources, legal and environmental problems, regional political and economic conflicts and contesting global powers. Definitely, hosting an international symposium is hard work. However, consecutive success makes hard work a pleasure and proud for organizers and supporters. There is no doubt that organizing conferences, meetings and symposiums necessitates team work. On the other hand, individuals and institutions who chair these teams and give support financially and morally have to be mentioned. Therefore, we thank to the rector of İzmir Katip Çelebi University, Prof. Dr. Galip AKHAN, who encouraged the symposium. Also, we thank to the dean of the Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences, Prof. Dr. İbrahim Attila ACAR, who cultivated fast and practical solutions to problems occurred during the organization and demonstrated patience, harmony and understanding; and to the president of the organization board Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nesrin DEMİR from the Department of International Relations, who has a ii significant share in the success of the symposium with her never-ending energy and enthusiasm. In the symposium held in 28-30 May, the participants, who sent the full texts of their work, bear the legal and academic responsibilities. During the editing process, meaning and content of their work have been kept.
Muhafazakârlık; 18. Yüzyıl sonlarında Avrupa'da başlayan ve değişime tepki duyan bir ideoloji olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Türkiye'deki geçmişi Osmanlı Dönemi'ne dek uzanırken, politik anlamda Demokrat Parti (DP), Anavatan Partisi (ANAP) gibi oluşumlarla yerini sağlamlaştırmıştır. Günümüzde AK Parti de kendini Muhafazakâr Demokrat olarak tanımlayarak tabanında ideolojiye yer açar. Muhafazakârlığın çevreyle bağı sorgulanacak olduğunda birtakım ortak yönler de açığa çıkmaktadır. Muhafaza etme arzusunun başı çektiği bu ortaklıklar arasında bilime ve ilerlemeye duyulan şüphecilik, namevcut kuşaklarla ilgili duyulan kaygı gibi satır aralarının varlığı neticesinde iki felsefe arasında ilişki kurmak zor olmamıştır. 2002 yılında iktidarı eline alan AK Parti de muhafazakâr parti kimliğiyle düşünülüp; seçim beyannameleri, hükümet programları ve ilerleme raporları başta olmak üzere çevre ile ilgili uygulamaları bu ideoloji etrafında değerlendirilmeye alınmıştır. Ayrıca Avrupa Birliği(AB)'ne uyum süreci kapsamında yerine getirilen ve getirilmesi muhtemel çevre politikaları doğrultusunda, bu politikalarının uygulanması, planlanması ve geleceğe dair öngörülen çevresel projeler partinin muhafazakâr demokrat bir kimlikle hareket edip etmemesi yönünde irdelenmiştir. ; Conservatism has emerged as an ideology which elicits the change and has begun in the end of the 18th century in Europe. While its past in Turkey leads back to the Ottoman Era, consolidated its place in political sense with such establishments as Demokrat Parti (DP) and Anavatan Partisi (ANAP). Nowadays, AK Parti recesses the ideology in its base by defining themselves as Conservatist Democrat, too. Some kinds of communities are revealed when it comes to examine the relation of Conservatism to the environment as well. Between these communities that head the desire of conserving, it has not been difficult to interrelate these two thoughts with the presence of the subtexts such as the skepticism towards science and progress, and the anxiety towards the unavailable generations. AK Parti, which acceded in 2002, has been considered with the conservatist party identity, and its practices about the environment, initially the election manifestoes, government programs and progress reports, have been evaluated surrounding this ideology. Besides, with the orientation of the environment policies that may be suggested or have been suggested within the adaptation process to European Union (EU), the planning and implementation of these policies and the environmental projects foreseen for the future are examined regarding whether the party should act with a conservatist democrat identity or not.
