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One drawback of aggregate data in the study of ethnic pol Is the necessity of assuming the presence of ethnic identification. Survey res presumes to rectify this deficiency, yet some attempts, measuring Identification on the basis of degree of group commitment, may not be satisfactory. Survey res conducted in Buffalo, NY, studied the determination of ethnic Identity by survey res. In addition to revealing how more direct measures of the components of ethnic identification can be made, data are presented suggesting that (1) while identification & saliency are related, non-saliency is not a, good predictor of nonidentification; (2) if group influence (commitment) is measured by sensitivity to criticism by fellow-group members, 'one must call into question the assumption that ethnic identity necessarily entails the concept of `group commitment'.' AA.

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A brief review of its roots -both etymological &historical - finds ethnicity to be a cluster of particular traits, soc biological & psychol'al, which serve '(a) marks of identity, (b) objects of affinity, & (c) occasion for separation & cohesion.' From this point of view the term offers a unifying principle which may be applied to many seemingly unrelated phenomena. L. Tumin.