Prema socijalnom ulaganju za rast i koheziju -- ukljucujuci i provedbu Europskog socijalnog fonda za razdoblje 2014. -- 2020
In: Revija za socijalnu politiku: Croatian journal of social policy, Band 20, Heft 2, S. 167-190
ISSN: 1845-6014
In: Revija za socijalnu politiku: Croatian journal of social policy, Band 20, Heft 2, S. 167-190
ISSN: 1845-6014
In: Politicka misao, Band 47, Heft 1
Europe is a contingent product of its institutions rather than a political project. Although the announced goal was simplification & rationalization of its institutional system, the opposite occurred: the system has become even more complex. The author looks into the process dynamics & implementation results of the Lisbon Treaty (effective 1 December 2009), showing that the traditional European compromise leads to outcomes that none of the actors really wanted, & that no one is satisfied with. The European Union is an arena of institutional coercions & games, the rules of which are occasionally readjusted. This occasional readjustment accounts for the survival of the system, which is a priori unstable, for each unsatisfied partner thinks & hopes that redefinition might provide him with an opportunity to gain a better position. The process is especially visible in negotiations regarding the Lisbon Treaty, above all in the institutional innovation which is the function of the new president (of the European Council). The conclusive interpretation of the Lisbon Treaty will depend on the outcome of the bureaucratic struggle right until 2011, & prior to a new definition of the rules, undoubtedly no later than 2014. The new EU system testifies primarily to the fundamental trait of European integration, which strongly favoured from the outset a repeated rethinking of its form (its institutions) in the light of considerations regarding its goals (its policies). Adapted from the source document.
The development of the European Union as an economic community of states has resulted in the need for the development of its budget - a generator of development of the states of this community. The European Union budget is characterized by a complex process of adoption, starting from the Commission as the authorized proposer of the budget, through the Council and the European Parliament as the institutions that approve it, to the Court of Auditors, which monitors its legality. Confirmation of the lawful and high-quality execution of the European Union budget is the discharge of the European Parliament. The European Union budget is made up of contributions from the Member States themselves through a certain percentage of value added tax, gross national income, customs duties and a number of other financial resources, such as agricultural levies. Regarding budget expenditures, they are divided into mandatory and optional, and focus on a number of policies identified by the European Union institutions as strategic. In addition to the annual budget, the European Union bases its economic development on a multi-annual financial framework that sets out a long-term perspective for the development of strategic policies and guidelines for the adoption of annual budgets. Policies in which the European Union invests significant funds through its budget are mainly policies of sustainable growth and development, safety of European citizens, foreign policy aspect of the European Union as a guarantor of regional and global security, but a certain part of budget funds is directed to the internal expenditure of the administration. Although the EU budget is subject to strong internal and external scrutiny and allows for the general development of this community, many criticize by requiring its reform for making it more flexible and accessible to citizens who need to benefit from it more directly and effectively. ; Razvoj Europske unije kao ekonomske zajednice država, rezultirao je i razvojem njezina proračuna – generatora razvoja država ove zajednice. Proračun Europske unije karakterizira složen proces njegova donošenja, počevši od Komisije kao ovlaštene predlagateljice proračuna, preko Vijeća i Europskog parlamenta kao institucija koje vrše njegovo odobrenje, pa sve do Revizorskog suda koji vrši nadzor zakonitosti nad njegovim izvršenjem. Potvrda zakonitog i kvalitetnog izvršenja proračuna Europske unije jest davanje razrješnice Europskog parlamenta. Sredstva proračuna Europske unije čine sredstva koja proračunu doprinose same države članice kroz određeni postotak poreza na dodanu vrijednost, bruto nacionalnog dohotka, carina te brojnih drugih financijskih sredstava, kao što su poljoprivredne pristojbe, a određeni dio sredstava potječe i od donacija i prenesenih viškova. Glede proračunskih rashoda, oni se dijele na obvezne i fakultativne, a usmjereni su na brojne politike koje institucije Europske unije odrede kao strateške. Osim godišnjeg proračuna, Europska unija svoj gospodarski razvoj temelji i na višegodišnjem financijskom okviru koji postavlja dugoročnu perspektivu razvoja strateških politika te smjernice za donošenje godišnjih proračuna. Politike u koje Europska unija preko svoga proračuna ulaže znatna sredstva uglavnom su politike održivog rasta i razvoja, sigurnosti europskog građanstva, te vanjska politika koja djeluje kao jamac regionalne i svjetske sigurnosti, ali određeni dio proračunskih sredstava usmjeren je i na internu rashodovnu stranu administracije. Iako proračun Europske unije podliježe snažnom internom i eksternom nadzoru te omogućava opći razvoj ove zajednice, brojne kritike iziskuju i njegovu reformu na način da ga učine fleksibilnijim i pristupačnijim građanima koji od njega trebaju osjetiti izravniju i učinkovitiju korist.
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Razvoj Europske unije kao ekonomske zajednice država, rezultirao je i razvojem njezina proračuna – generatora razvoja država ove zajednice. Proračun Europske unije karakterizira složen proces njegova donošenja, počevši od Komisije kao ovlaštene predlagateljice proračuna, preko Vijeća i Europskog parlamenta kao institucija koje vrše njegovo odobrenje, pa sve do Revizorskog suda koji vrši nadzor zakonitosti nad njegovim izvršenjem. Potvrda zakonitog i kvalitetnog izvršenja proračuna Europske unije jest davanje razrješnice Europskog parlamenta. Sredstva proračuna Europske unije čine sredstva koja proračunu doprinose same države članice kroz određeni postotak poreza na dodanu vrijednost, bruto nacionalnog dohotka, carina te brojnih drugih financijskih sredstava, kao što su poljoprivredne pristojbe, a određeni dio sredstava potječe i od donacija i prenesenih viškova. Glede proračunskih rashoda, oni se dijele na obvezne i fakultativne, a usmjereni su na brojne politike koje institucije Europske unije odrede kao strateške. Osim godišnjeg proračuna, Europska unija svoj gospodarski razvoj temelji i na višegodišnjem financijskom okviru koji postavlja dugoročnu perspektivu razvoja strateških politika te smjernice za donošenje godišnjih proračuna. Politike u koje Europska unija preko svoga proračuna ulaže znatna sredstva uglavnom su politike održivog rasta i razvoja, sigurnosti europskog građanstva, te vanjska politika koja djeluje kao jamac regionalne i svjetske sigurnosti, ali određeni dio proračunskih sredstava usmjeren je i na internu rashodovnu stranu administracije. Iako proračun Europske unije podliježe snažnom internom i eksternom nadzoru te omogućava opći razvoj ove zajednice, brojne kritike iziskuju i njegovu reformu na način da ga učine fleksibilnijim i pristupačnijim građanima koji od njega trebaju osjetiti izravniju i učinkovitiju korist. ; The development of the European Union as an economic community of states has resulted in the need for the development of its budget - a generator of development of the states of this community. The European Union budget is characterized by a complex process of adoption, starting from the Commission as the authorized proposer of the budget, through the Council and the European Parliament as the institutions that approve it, to the Court of Auditors, which monitors its legality. Confirmation of the lawful and high-quality execution of the European Union budget is the discharge of the European Parliament. The European Union budget is made up of contributions from the Member States themselves through a certain percentage of value added tax, gross national income, customs duties and a number of other financial resources, such as agricultural levies. Regarding budget expenditures, they are divided into mandatory and optional, and focus on a number of policies identified by the European Union institutions as strategic. In addition to the annual budget, the European Union bases its economic development on a multi-annual financial framework that sets out a long-term perspective for the development of strategic policies and guidelines for the adoption of annual budgets. Policies in which the European Union invests significant funds through its budget are mainly policies of sustainable growth and development, safety of European citizens, foreign policy aspect of the European Union as a guarantor of regional and global security, but a certain part of budget funds is directed to the internal expenditure of the administration. Although the EU budget is subject to strong internal and external scrutiny and allows for the general development of this community, many criticize by requiring its reform for making it more flexible and accessible to citizens who need to benefit from it more directly and effectively.
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Ovaj naslov podsjeća neminovno na ljudska prava i kao da inzistira na nekom novom pravu čovjeka i građanina, poput npr. "prava na vodu", koje je bilo predmetom građanske zakonotvorne inicijative prošle godine pred Europskom komisijom. Pravo na "dobru javnu upravu" često se poistovjećuje s pravom na "dobro upravljanje", pa će stoga u uvodnom dijelu biti potrebno razjasniti razliku između tih dvaju pojmova, te se potom pozabaviti "dobrom javnom upravom", njezinim načelima i deontologijom u dvjema europskim integracijama – članice koje su i Hrvatska i Francuska – a to su, najprije ona starija, politička integracija Vijeća Europe, a zatim i ona malo mlađa, još uvijek pretežito ekonomska integracija, a to je Europska unija. Promotrimo stoga najprije što ta dva pojma znače u međunarodnim organizacijama, a što na internom planu demokratskih država. ; This title inevitably makes us think of human rights as if it is insisting on some new human and citizen rights such as for example "the right to water", which was the subject of a civil law creating initiative last year before the European Commission. The right to "good public administration "is often identified with the right to "good management". So, in the introduction it will be necessary to differentiate between these two concepts. Then "good public administration "will be dealt with; its principles and deontology in two European integrations or member states who are Croatia and France. These are primarily the old political integration of the European Council and then the more recent ones mainly including economic integration which is the European Union. Therefore, these two concepts will firstly be observed as to their definition in international organisations and in the internal plan of democratic states.
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Rad se bavi propitivanjem implikacija izbjegličke krize koja je zahvatila Europsku uniju na demokraciju u Europi i funkcioniranje Europske unije na osnovi usporedbe s teorijom Hannah Arendt o izbjeglicama i ljudskim pravima. Rad se kritički odnosi prema djelovanju Europske unije, posebice Europske komisije, naspram njezinih članica po pitanju rješavanja izbjegličke krize čime se dovodi u pitanje održanje same Europske unije i demokracije na razini Europe. Teorija Hannah Arendt pomaže u sagledavanju sadašnje situacije u povijesnom kontekstu i pruža mogući odgovor kako sačuvati nacionalne države i demokraciju u njima propitivanjem načela ljudskih prava koja je iznjedrila Francuska revolucija, a koja su dovedena u pitanje pojavom izbjegličkog vala s Bliskog istoka u Europu. ; The paper explains the implications of the European refugee crisis for the functioning of the EU and democracy within Europe, with reference to Hannah Arendt's theory on refugees and human rights. The paper examines critically the handling of the refugee crisis by the European Commission and its attitude towards EU Member States, which compromises the actual functioning of theEU and democracy in Europe. Arendt's theory helps us understand better the present situation, taking into account the historical context. Her theory on human rights, born of the French Revolution provides a possible answer regarding how to preserve European nation states and democracy in Europe, notions that have been challenged seriously by the waves of refugees from the Middle East, and ultimately by the European Union itself.
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Slijedom odluke Europskog vijeća iz lipnja 2004. kojom je Republika Hrvatska dobila status države kandidata, Europska komisija već treću godinu za redom u svom godišnjem izvješću o napretku RH ocjenjuje ispunjenje političkih i ekonomskih kriterija za njezino punopravno članstvo kao i sposobnost da preuzme pravnu stečevinu Europske unije (acquis). Hrvatsku, na njezinu putu u Europu, očekuju sveobuhvatne reforme političkog i gospodarskog sustava i temeljita prilagodba standardima EU, a od osobite je važnosti provedba reformskih mjera u sustavu javne uprave, ističe Komisija. Članak se osvrće na još neke značajne dokumente kojima se ispituje spremnost hrvatske javne uprave da postane dijelom »europske obitelji« i zaključuje da će tek postiaznjem jasnog političkog konsenzusa Hrvatska pokazati zrelost za članstvo. ; Following the decision of the Council of Europe (June 2004), Croatia acquired the status of a candidate country. In its annual report, the European Commission has been assessing the progress of the Republic of Croatia in meeting the political and economic criteria for full membership and the country's ability to implement the EU acquis communautaire for the past three years. On its way to full membership, Croatia is faced with comprehensive reforms of its political and economic systems and a thorough adaptation to the EU standards. The Commission stresses that the reforms of the public administration system are of particular importance. The author discusses some other important documents that assess readiness of the Croatian public administration to become part of the »European family«. The author concludes that Croatia will show maturity required for the EU accession only after it has achieved a clear political consensus.
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Family policy in Bosnia and Herzegovina's entities (Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republic Srpska) is incoherent, with its different elements being scattered across different ministries and levels of government. The system is found to be inapt to respond to the needs of families, thus enhancing gender inequalities in the labour market and within families. As a country aspiring to join the European Union, Bosnia and Herzegovina, together with other countries of the Western Balkans region, participates in regular policy dialogue with the European Union institutions. The latest European Commission assessment of the country's Economic Reform Programme identifies low employment of women as one of the key challenges and implicitly calls for the country to develop an employment-oriented family policy. By analysing the system of family policy and its recent policy developments, the article assesses the country's capacity to respond to the recommendation and create conditions for greater participation of women in the labour market. The question is whether the European Union's conditionality and recommendations have the potential to transform the current family policy arrangements in the entities. ; Obiteljska politika u entitetima Bosne i Hercegovine (Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine i Republike Srpske) je nedosljedna, s različitim elementima raspršenim diljem različitih ministarstava i razina vlasti. Sustav nije sposoban odgovoriti na potrebe obitelji čime se povećavaju rodne nejednakosti na tražištu rada i unutar obitelji. Kao država koja stremi pridruživanju Europskoj uniji, Bosna i Hercegovina, zajedno s drugim državama regije Zapadnog Balkana, sudjeluje u redovnim dijalozima o politikama s institucijama Europske unije. Posljednja procjena Europske komisije u pogledu Programa gospodarske reforme države identificirala je nisku zasposlenost žena kao jedan od glavnih izazova i neizravno zatražila da država razvije obiteljsku politiku usmjerenu na zapošljavanje. Analizirajući sustav obiteljske politike i nedavni razvoj mjera unutar njega, ovaj rad procjenjuje kapacitet države da reagira na preporuke i stvori uvjete za veću participaciju žena na tržištu rada. Pitanje je imaju li uvjetovanost i preporuke Europske unije potencijal za transformaciju sadašnjih mehanizama obiteljske politike u entitetima.
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In: Politicka misao, Band 40, Heft 2, S. 54-87
The author looks into the issue of how to strengthen the role of national parliaments in the process of accession to the EU. In that process, the national parliaments of the candidate countries can draw on the experience of the EU member countries, The intensification of the EU integration has resulted in the so called democratic deficit. This means that national parliaments have been losing control over an increasing portion of the regulatory issues which are being taken over by the EU executive bodies, primarily the European Commission & the Council of Ministers, whose decisions are not swayed by the political clout & the control mechanisms of the national or the European parliament. That is why the EU member countries have been developing new mechanisms that will strengthen their participatory & controlling competence versus the EU executive bodies. Such mechanisms are most developed in the parliaments of the Scandinavian countries, whose experience serves as a model to other parliaments. Also important are the emergence of some new mechanisms of cooperation with the European parliament as well as the establishment of a permanent inter-parliamentary cooperation. Among the latter, the Conference of Parliamentary Committees specialized for EU affairs stands out; the so-called COSAC (Conferance des Organes specialisees dans les affaires communautaires/Conference of the Community & European Affairs Committees of Parliaments of the EU) established in 1989. The author concludes that the candidate countries' parliaments should timely devise certain specialized & cooperative structures that will enable them to be on equal footing with their governments & the EU executive bodies in the process of decision making. 2 Tables, 3 Figures, 64 References. Adapted from the source document.
In: Politicka misao, Band 37, Heft 3, S. 115-135
At the time of its inception, the EEC's founders already expressed their desire to institute on the territory of the future integration an economic & monetary union with the aim of creating "the United States of Europe." The 1962 program of the European Commission for the Community's Development was designed along these lines. Following a number of years of successful economic cooperation of member states, the creation of the monetary union was negotiated at the 1998 Maastricht meeting, while the beginning of the implementation was envisaged for early 1999. The 1997 Luxembourg meeting was a turning point in the EU's development. The extension of the EU was agreed upon, & the third stage of the EMU worked out. The EU's future development "in five gears" was devised, & the countries were categorized into groups according to the level in which they satisfy the conditions necessary for acceptance. Further, the EU offers to those transitional countries that satisfy the necessary conditions for further cooperation the "partnership prior to membership" a new way of cooperation that provides financial support to transitional countries to pave the way for them to join the EU. Croatia has shown interest for all kinds of links with the EU, particularly via the associate membership as a step to full membership. There is no doubt that the introduction of the new pan-European currency as well as all the changes occurring within the EU are going to affect the Croatian economy. Croatia has stepped up its preparations for getting in line with the new economic & financial developments emerging in Europe, which will be triggered by the establishment of the European Monetary Union (EMU). 13 References. Adapted from the source document.
Istraživanja vezana za klimatsko-energetsku politiku u Republici Hrvatskoj najčešće su vezana za pojedine segmente klimatsko-energetskog planiranja te je vidljiv je nedostatak međusektorskog i integrativnog planiranja klimatsko-energetskog razvoja. U ovom radu opisan je metodološki pristup i procjena ključnih utjecaja koji su izrađeni prilikom izrade stručnih podloga za Strategiju niskougljičnog razvoja Republike Hrvatske do 2030. godine s pogledom na 2050. godinu. Rezultati su pokazali da će do 2030. godine biti potrebno ostvariti dodatna investicije u visini od oko 1,0 do 1,5% BDP-a Republike Hrvatske. Istovremeno će se ostvariti ušteda na uvozu energije, materijala te troškova za emisijske jedinice u ETS-u u visini od 65 do 75% vrijednosti dodatnih investicija, a pribrajanjem popratnih koristi u vidu pozitivnih utjecaja manjeg onečišćenja zraka te otvaranja novih radnih mjesta ukupne koristi niskougljičnog razvoja mogu nadići dodatne troškove. Ključni rezultati su se pokazali u skladu s onima dobivenim u Procjeni učinka Klimatsko-energetskog okvira do 2030. godine (European Commission, 2014). ; Climate-related energy policy research in the Republic of Croatia is most often linked to certain climate-energy planning segments, and there is a lack of cross-sectoral and integrative climate-energy development planning. This paper describes the methodological approach and the assessment of the key impacts that have been estimated in the preparation of technical basis for the Low Carbon Development Strategy of Republic of Croatia until 2030 with a view to 2050. The results showed that by 2030, additional investments would have to be made in the amount of about 1.0 to 1.5% of GDP of the Republic of Croatia. At the same time, savings will on the import of energy, materials and costs for emission units in the EU ETS will compensate around of 65 to 75% of the value of additional investments, and by adding the additional benefits in terms of positive impacts of lower air pollution and opening new jobs the total benefit of lowcarbon development can surpass the additional costs. Key results are in line with the Impact Assessment accompanying the 2030 Climate and Energy Framework (European Commission, 2014).
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The Copernicus is a European Programme designed to establish a European capacity for the Earth Observation. It consists of a series of complex systems that collect data from multiple sources: satellites for Earth observation and sensors placed on the ground, in the air and in the sea. The goal of the program is to ensure regular monitoring and supervision of the atmosphere, ocean and land surface.The celebration titled "Copernicus Goes Local – Implementing the Space Strategy for Europe" was held in the European Parliament and gathered around 300 participants. The event was attended by numerous Commissioners of the European Commission, participants of the European Earth Observation Programme, and industry representatives from all over Europe. The main motive of this event was the establishment of Copernicus at the local level. ; Program Copernicus europski je program namijenjen uspostavi europskog kapaciteta za promatranje Zemlje. Sastoji se od niza složenih sustava koji prikupljaju podatke iz više izvora: satelita namijenjenih promatranju Zemlje i senzora smještenih na zemlji, u zraku i u moru. Cilj je programa osigurati redovito praćenje i nadzor atmosfere, oceana i kopnenih površina.Svečanost pod nazivom "Copernicus ide na lokalnu razinu – provedba Svemirske strategije za Europu" (engl. Copernicus Goes Local – Implementing the Space Strategy for Europe) održana je u Europskom parlamentu i okupila je oko 300 sudionika. Događaj su svojom prisutnošću podržali brojni povjerenici Europske komisije, sudionici europskog programa za promatranje Zemlje, te predstavnici industrije iz cijele Europe. Glavni motiv tog događaja bio je uspostavljanje Copernicusa na lokalnoj razini.
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In: Politicka misao, Band 49, Heft 1, S. 41-63
The texts focuses on constitutionalisation of democracy in the European Union and the phenomenon of democratic deficit through the failed Constitution for Europe and, thereafter, the Lisbon Treaty, which takes over the definition of democracy as the foundation of the European Union. In this context, the author also looks into the contribution of political scientist Zvonko Posavec, who was one of the first in Croatia to advocate the need for constitutionalisation of the European Union as a project of finalising the process of European integration. While writing about the need for constitutional foundation of the European Union, Posavec simultaneously reflects on representative democracy as the form of democracy on which the European Union is predominantly founded. Beside a valorisation of Posavec's works on democracy in the European Union, this paper deals with the problem of the democratic deficit in the European Union which is manifest in the lack of democratic legitimacy of EU institutions, with the sole exception of the European Parliament. The author finds, however, that the main deficit of the European Union is not the democratic process, but political alienation. He perceives the latter as alienation of citizens from the EU as a derivative community, non-transparent and distanced from the basic interests of the citizens and the media interest in politics. Although the European Union declaratively relies on basic democratic values, in practice democracy is experienced primarily through a democratic deficit contrasted by a more obvious bureaucratic surfeit of the European political construction. The author asserts that the Lisbon Treaty was a step towards founding the EU on democratic principles inasmuch as it introduced elements of participative democracy, although it did not accept proposals for introduction of direct democracy in the EU. Finally, the author puts forward some ideas which might reduce the degree of political alienation of citizens in relation to the European Union; this requires giving greater authority to the European Parliament, abolishing the monopoly of the legislative initiative of the European Commission, incorporating the Council of the European Union into the European Parliament as the second House, i.e. the European Senate, and consequently implementing the mechanism of consulting the citizens regarding the legislative initiatives of the EU. The author concludes that the democratic deficit and political alienation cannot be overcome in the European Union without overcoming the democratic deficits and concrete forms of political alienation in the member states which the European Union consists. Adapted from the source document.
Predmet ovog diplomskog rada su obilježja vanjske trgovine Europske unije sa SAD-om. Rad se sastoji od šest međusobno povezanih dijelova, u kojima je osim uvodnih i zaključnih riječi objašnjena trgovinska politika Europske unije te SAD-a. Trgovinska politika Europske unije opisana je s nekoliko primjera potpisanih sporazuma između Europske unije i drugih država. Također je opisana i nova trgovinska strategija Europske komisije koja se primjenjuje u pregovorima o Transatlantskom partnerstvu za trgovinu i ulaganja (TTIP). Prikazana je trgovina izemđu EU-a i SAD-a, uvoz i izvoz proizvoda i usluga te kretanje međusobnih investicija. Pregovori o TTIP-u između Europske unije i Sjedinjenih Američkih Država traju od srpnja 2013. godine te je održano trinaest runda pregovora. Odvijaju se u tri područja: pristup tržištu, regulatorna usklađenost i pravila. Cilj pregovora je ukloniti prepreke u trgovini kako bi se olakšala kupovina i prodaja roba i usluga između EU-a i SAD-a. U pregovore su uključeni i predstavnici interesno-utjecajnih skupina koji dolaze iz područja akademske zajednice, sindikata, predstavnika privatnog sektora i nevladinih organizacija. ; The subjects of this diploma thesis are the characteristics of European foreign trade to the USA. The work consists of six mutually related parts, which, except introduction and conclusion, explain the trade policies of the European Union and the USA. The trade policies of the European Union are described with several examples of signed agreements between the European Union and other states. The new trade strategy of the European Commission, which is currently being applied in Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) negotiations, has also been described. On-going cooperation between the European Union and the United States of America has been represented and systematized. This includes import and export of products, services and investments between the European Union and the United States. The TTIP negotiations between the European Union and the United ...
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Europa za građane je centralizirani program Unije, manje financijske omotnice, s time i manje vidljivosti; jedini koji postavlja građane kao ciljanu skupinu, a usmjeren prvenstveno na neprofitne organizacije i JLPS-e kao prijavitelje. Teme koje čine ovaj Program, zbog trenutnog političkog konteksta, EK ih je prepoznala kao vrlo važne za budućnost Unije - aktivno europsko građanstvo, promicanje europskog identiteta kroz demokratski angažman i građansko sudjelovanje na razini Unije, njegovanje europskog sjećanja i zajedničke europske povijesti te one nisu prisutne niti u jednom drugom financijskom instrumentu u EU. U radu je analizirano da li razvijenost županija prema revidiranom indeksu razvijenosti utječe na prijavu na centralizirane programe Unije na primjeru programa Europa za građane u petogodišnjem periodu od 2014.-2018. godine i da li se može doći do zaključka da li hrvatski prijavitelji ovaj Program smatraju relevantnim. Tema je neistražena i sadrži relevantne podatke koji nisu javno dostupni i mogu poslužiti za neka druga istraživanja ili produbljivanje postojećeg nakon što se završi višegodišnje financijsko razdoblje 2014.-2020. ; Europe for Citizens is a centralized Union program, with a smaller budget and thus less visibility; the only one that sets citizens as a target group and targets primarily non-profit organizations and local governments as applicants. Due to the current political context, the topics that are covered within this program, the European Commission has recognized as very important for the future of the Union - active European citizenship, promotion of European identity through democratic engagement and civic participation at Union level, nurturing European memory and common European history and these topics are not covered in any other financial instrument in the EU. The paper analyses whether the development index in of counties affects the application for centralized Union programs on the example of the Europe for Citizens program in the five-year period from 2014-2018 and whether ...
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