The article presents the review of the historical experience of universitymanagement. The most democratic period of the university activity was the early one (theMedieval period). At that time, two universities – Bologna and Paris – served as the modelsthat had an important influence on the organization of activity and management of thehigher educational institutions. The article reveals the distinctive features of management inFrench, Italian, English and German universities in the XII–XV centuries. It singles out theformation of executive bodies and administrative officials like rector, chancellor, generalboards, general councils and bulldog. The article characterizes the peculiarities of theelection of the officials and administrative bodies in the institutions, their functions, rightsand duties in different European universities. Much attention is paid to the part the studentsplayed in the university authority's elections, their representation in the administrativebodies and the opportunities to take up the post of rector. In the University of Paris themanagement comprised the rector and chancellor, abbot Sainte-Geneviève with chancellor,faculties and their deans, the nations with their procurators, cathedral chapter, Masters'board. In the University of Bologna there were several bodies namely the students'corporation, Doctors' collegium, Archdeacon and Archbishop of Bologna, the Germannation. The University of Medicine and Arts elected rector in turns from the representativesof all four nations. The main official in Oxford and Cambridge was chancellor. Initially hewas appointed by the Archbishop from the clergymen but since the XIII century he waselected temporary and from the XV century for life. The University of Bologna influenceon the German higher educational establishments manifested in the fact that for some timein certain universities students were allowed along with Masters and Doctors to exercisecorporation rights. In case of establishing German universities by Paris model thechancellor was appointed. The higher administrative bodies in German universities werethe general board and rector.Key words: university, management, rector, chancellor, general board, students, theMedieval Ages. ; Розглянуто історичний досвід управління університетами. Найдемокра-тичнішим періодом їхньої діяльності був ранній період (епоха середньовіччя).З'ясовано, що в той час зразками, які значно впливали на організацію діяльності тауправління навчальним закладом, були два університети – Болоньї і Парижа.Розкрито особливості управління у французьких, італійських, англійських танімецьких університетах ХІІ–ХV ст. Виокремлено формування управлінськихструктур та адміністративних посад – ректора, канцлера, загальних зборів,генеральних рад, педеля. Схарактеризовано особливості обрання посадових осіб такерівних органів навчальних закладів, їхні, функції, права, обов'язки в різнихуніверситетах Європи. Наголошено на участі студентів у виборах керівниківнавчальних закладів, їхньому представництві у виборних органах та можливостіпосісти посаду ректора.Ключові слова: університет, управління, ректор, канцлер, загальні збори,студенти, середні віки.
The author starts his reasoning from the appeal to historical tradition to which both France and Ukraine as European cultures belong each in its own way. He further analyzes the results of institutionalization which has today united in European Union 47 nations – from Lithuania to Ireland and from Switzerland to Malta. In conclusion the author makes an attempt to find out on which principles the cause of European nations integration may be continued with adaptation to new conditions. The author believes that in the present day sense to become the European means to become the organization member. He sees the history of Europe as the history of nation formation. In the author's opinion Europe can become the political integrity, if the nations populating it will take part in the discussion of these problems together. ; ***
The article is devoted to the comprehension of the European tradition in the interpretation of civil society concept. In the proposed exploration the determinants and factors of evolution necessity of mentioned concept in the context of European theoretical field are focused ; ЧАСТИНА ІІ*. Частина І вміщена в № 7 (114) листопад-грудень 2011 р. на сторінках 140-144Стаття присвячена осмисленню європейської традиції в інтерпретації концепту громадянського суспільства. У запропонованій розвідці увага зосереджується на детермінантах і чинниках доконечності еволюції згаданого поняття в контексті європейського теоретичного поля
Проаналізовано історію, мету та стратегічні завдання проведеного у 2018 році Європейського року культурної спадщини. Розглянуто ініціативи та документи європейських урядових та неурядових організацій з цього питання, а також наукові дослідження, що обґрунтовують важливість культурної спадщини у зміцненні почуття належності до спільного європейського простору. Зауважено, що на практиці відбувся радше рік культурної спадщини країн Європейського Союзу, а не Європи загалом. ; Cultural heritage is a strategic resource based on the democratic, ethical, aesthetic and ecological values of society. The European Year of Cultural Heritage emphasized the cultural heritage issues at the level of European structures, as well as at the national and regional levels. An important task of the strategic approach was the development of long-term models of cultural heritage policy and strengthening its role in sustainable development, analysis of its economic and social impact, as well as the role of scientific research on cultural heritage. The European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Framework Program from 2014 to 2020 provides for an investment of 500 million euros in cultural heritage.The aim of the article is to analyze the formation and implementation in 2018 of the European Year of Cultural Heritage as a strategic tool for sustainable development to preserve the cultural heritage of Europe and the formation of European identity in times of large migration waves. The article analyzed the goals and strategic objectives of the Year, considered the initiatives of European governmental and non-governmental organizations on this issue. It is noted that in practice it was the Year of the cultural heritage of the European Union rather than the Year of cultural heritage of the whole Europe.The theoretical and methodological basis of the article are the documents of European institutions on this issue, as well as researches on cultural heritage within the framework of the preparation and implementation of the EYCH, followed by long-term strategy.
Проаналізовано історію, мету та стратегічні завдання проведеного у 2018 році Європейського року культурної спадщини. Розглянуто ініціативи та документи європейських урядових та неурядових організацій з цього питання, а також наукові дослідження, що обґрунтовують важливість культурної спадщини у зміцненні почуття належності до спільного європейського простору. Зауважено, що на практиці відбувся радше рік культурної спадщини країн Європейського Союзу, а не Європи загалом. ; Cultural heritage is a strategic resource based on the democratic, ethical, aesthetic and ecological values of society. The European Year of Cultural Heritage emphasized the cultural heritage issues at the level of European structures, as well as at the national and regional levels. An important task of the strategic approach was the development of long-term models of cultural heritage policy and strengthening its role in sustainable development, analysis of its economic and social impact, as well as the role of scientific research on cultural heritage. The European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Framework Program from 2014 to 2020 provides for an investment of 500 million euros in cultural heritage.The aim of the article is to analyze the formation and implementation in 2018 of the European Year of Cultural Heritage as a strategic tool for sustainable development to preserve the cultural heritage of Europe and the formation of European identity in times of large migration waves. The article analyzed the goals and strategic objectives of the Year, considered the initiatives of European governmental and non-governmental organizations on this issue. It is noted that in practice it was the Year of the cultural heritage of the European Union rather than the Year of cultural heritage of the whole Europe.The theoretical and methodological basis of the article are the documents of European institutions on this issue, as well as researches on cultural heritage within the framework of the preparation and implementation of the EYCH, followed by long-term strategy.
Есе висвітлює основоположні параметри авторської концепції "вписування" української історії в європейський контекст. у теоретичному сенсі концепція спрямована на подолання лінійної вузькості етнокультурного і державницького метанаративів. На противагу їм обґрунтовується горизонтальна модель, яка робить акцент не так на відмінних, як на спільних рисах цивілізаційного характеру. Ця текстуальна модель базується на багаторівневому компаративному аналізі процесів і явищ загальноєвропейської історичної картини, виявленні універсальних мереж культурних, ідейних та економічних обмінів і взаємовпливів. Згадана модель на з'ясування української специфіки таких явищ загальноєвропейського масштабу, як реформація, бароко, просвітництво, романтизм, націоналізм тощо. Концепція "вписування" наголошує на органічній взаємодоповнюваності документальних свідчень, які створювалися у надрах різних етнічних і державних традицій. Вона надає перевагу визначенню ієрархії ідентичностей акторів історичного процесу, пошукові великих кордонів перервностей української історії, процесам інкультурації в широкі спільноти європейського масштабу. ; The essay presents the fundamental aspects of the author's concept of how Ukrainian history can be "inscribed" into the European context. From a theoretical point of view, this concept aims to overcome the linearity and narrowness of ethnocultural and state-oriented meta-narratives. The author, in contrast, argues for a horizontal model that stresses common rather than distinctive civilizational features. This textual model is based on a multi-level comparative analysis of processes and phenomena within the pan-European historical landscape as well as on the identification of networks of cultural, conceptual and economic exchanges and interactions. It focuses on explicating the Ukrainian specifics of such pan-European phenomena as Reformation, Barocco, Enlightment, Romanticism, Nationalism etc. The "inscribing" approach stresses an organic complementarity of documentary evidence that emerged within different ethnic and political traditions. It seeks to determine the hierarchy of identities of historical actors, to research in the Ukrainian history its great boundaries of discontinuity, and to trace the processes of Ukraine's inculturation into wider communities of the European scale.
The article is devoted to the comprehension of the European tradition in the interpretation of civil society concept. In the proposed exploration the determinants and factors of evolution necessity of mentioned concept in the context of European theoretical field are focused. ; Стаття присвячена осмисленню європейської традиції в інтерпретації концепту громадянського суспільства. У запропонованій розвідці увага зосереджується на детермінантах і чинниках доконечності еволюції згаданого поняття в контексті європейського теоретичного поля.
The creativity of Spengler and the ambiguity of his theory have caused and continue to cause profound interest, as well as fierce debates. Spengler introduced his cultural historical doctrine in the book "The Decline of the West", in which he sought to reflect all the diversity of historical metamorphoses of humanity. His advanced concept of high cultures allowed him to approach the analysis of contemporary political processes from a historical perspective. "The Decline of the West" has already become an integral part of the European spiritual culture. This paper attempts to analyze Spengler's philosophy of history. During the research, the authors have used the comparative-historical method, the methodology of philosophical hermeneutics, as well as the integrative anthropological approach.
Есе висвітлює основоположні параметри авторської концепції «вписування» української історії в европейський контекст. З теоретичного погляду ця концепція спрямована на подолання лінійної вузькости етнокультурного та державницького метанаративів. На противагу їм обґрунтовується горизонтальна модель, яка робить акцент не стільки на відмінних, скільки на спільних рисах цивілізаційного характеру. Ця текстуальна модель базується на багаторівневому компаративному аналізі процесів та явищ в рамках загальноевропейської історичної картини, а також на виявленні універсальних мереж культурних, ідейних та економічних обмінів і взаємовпливів. Згадана модель спрямована на з'ясування української специфіки таких явищ загальноевропейського масштабу, як реформація, бароко, про- світництво, романтизм, націоналізм тощо. Відтак концепція «вписування» наголошує на органічній взаємодоповнюваності документальних свідчень, які створювалися у надрах різних етнічних і державних традицій. Вона надає перевагу визначенню єрархії ідентичностей акторів історичного процесу, пошукові великих кордонів перервностей української історії, процесам інкультурації у широкі спільноти европейського масштабу. ; The essay presents the fundamental aspects of the author's concept of how Ukrainian history can be "inscribed" into the European context. From a theoretical point of view, this concept aims to overcome the linearity and narrowness of ethnocultural and state-oriented meta-narratives. The author, in contrast, argues for a horizontal model that stresses common rather than distinctive civilizational features. This textual model is based on a multi-level comparative analysis of processes and phenomena within the pan-European historical landscape as well as on the identification of universal networks of cultural, conceptual and economic exchanges and interactions. It focuses on explicating the Ukrainian specifics of such pan-European phenomena as Reformation, Barocco, Enlightment, Romanticism, nationalism etc. The "inscribing" approach stresses an organic complementarity of documentary evidence that emerged within different ethnic and political traditions. It seeks to determine a hierarchy of identities of historical actors, to identify in the Ukrainian history its great boundaries of discontinuity, and to trace the processes of Ukraine's inculturation into wider communities of the European scale.
Actuality. Management as a phenomenon of culture and an exclusively unique object of scientific knowledge occupies a special place in the life of society. As historical development of mankind is complicated as organizational structures, as well as the culture of management and a set of theories that describe them. However, modern science does not take into account that radical changes in organizational reality occur not continuously, but during the bifurcation of civilization. A specific culture that arose precisely in such conditions is mechanistic management, the study of which is devoted to this article. Purpose and methods. The purpose of the article is a theoretical and historical analysis of the culture of mechanistic management, the identification of the basic determinants of the genesis of this management culture and the formation of the main directions of its development in conditions of industrialism. The methodological basis of the research is the dialectical principle of cognition, systemic, civilization, historical approaches to the study of social phenomena and processes, and the fundamental provisions of the theory of management. Results. The objective preconditions of the formation of a culture of mechanistic management are determined: European science and mechanism arising from the Newtonian picture of the world – the presentation of organizational reality as a machine, as well as atomism, rationalism and social Darwinism as a "natural law" about inter-species struggle; Protestant ethics as a justification of profit; political economy, which introduced the economy in the form of a machine operating under the laws of Newtonian mechanics; great scientific and technical discoveries, demanding new forms of organization of production. The essence of the article is given, comparative characteristics are given and prospects of further application of the main directions of culture of mechanistic management: scientific organization of labor and management are outlined; administrative management; the ...
In modern conditions, state regulation in the field of innovation, encouragement of inventive intellectual activity is a mechanism for ensuring sustainable economic development of the state. It was revealed that in Ukraine there is a sufficiently substantial legislative base that allows regulating issues in the field of intellectual property, its updating is taking place in accordance with the requirements of the time. At the same time, as indicated in the Annual Report of the European Commission, intellectual property rights are systematically violated in Ukraine, thereby damaging the economic interests of the European Union. It is argued that the basic mechanism for ensuring the effectiveness of public administration in the field of intellectual property is the involvement of all subjects of public administration in lawmaking processes. It is noted that the organization of an effective system of law enforcement in the process of creating and using intellectual property objects directly affects the development of national scientific-technological and scientific-technical spheres of state life, increasing their investment image, introducing a favorable innovation climate. Indicated the need to involve all subjects of public administration in the formation of state policy in the field of intellectual property, development of legislation on the protection of industrial property and innovative proposals, updating the provisions of the Labor Code and the Civil Code of Ukraine. It is proposed to include to the Civil Code a number of provisions to ensure the remuneration of persons who have contributed to the creation, legal protection and use of inventions, industrial designs and innovative proposals; effective functioning of the intellectual property protection system created by students, listeners, cadets and teachers in the learning process. It is also proposed to create a Code of Intellectual Property, which will eliminate internal contradictions and promote the harmonization of intellectual property issues and ...
The article examines the problem of the image formation of Ukraine in the international arena in the historical journalism of Timothy Snyder. The subject of the research is the historical context in the journalistic collection «Ukrainian History, Russian Politics, European Future». It identifies the main considerations of the author on the past of Russian-Ukrainian relations and the need to develop historical consciousness in the fight against Russian manipulation.Methodology: the comparative, historical, system analysis and other methods are used in the process of scientific research. The results of the study were obtained by analysing the author's journalistic works and by considering the main historical themes raised by Timothy Snyder.Main results: The historical context in Timothy Snyder's journalism is often focused on the Holodomor and the events of World War II. After all, these events are connected with the beginning of the image formation of the Ukrainian people as supporters of Nazism by the Russian authorities and the devaluation of the Ukrainians' contribution to the establishment of peace during the Second World War. It is determined that the non-reflective attitude to history, the inability to draw parallels between the events of the past and the future leads to an ineffective response to manipulation and propaganda, which can threaten world peace.Conclusions: the realization that Russian aggression against Ukraine has its own history is a necessary aspect in the elucidation of this issue. The Eurasian Union and cooperation with the European far-right are Russian propaganda tools that discredit the Ukrainian state in the world community. Publicist Timothy Snyder points out that Europe's future interconnects with the past, so he emphasizes the need to study and rethink history, which today has become the object of propaganda and manipulation.Significance: The results of our study will help journalists who study the historical aspect of journalistic materials and research foreign materials on Ukrainian issues. In addition, our research is necessary for Ukraine, because Russia's aggression continues, as well as the aggressor's propaganda, which is based on the distortion and falsification of historical events.Key words: Russian propaganda; Timothy Snyder; information warfare; the Eurasian Union; hybrid warfare. ; У статті авторка аналізує українську проблематику в публіцистиці Тімоті Снайдера. Предметом дослідження є історичний контекст матеріалів дослідника у збірці «Українська історія, російська політика, європейське майбутнє». Виокремлено основні ідеї та аргументи у працях науковця, визначено історичну тяглість гібридної російсько-української війни. Обґрунтовано важливість критичного висвітлення та дискусій щодо історичних подій, що є предметом маніпуляцій впродовж тривалого часу.Ключові слова: російська пропаганда; Тімоті Снайдер; інформаційна війна; Євразійський Союз, гібридна війна.
The subject of the study is peculiarities of the Ukraine's specialization development in the supply of wire sets for vehicles to EU countries. Topicality. Since Ukraine received autonomous trade preferences from the European Union on April 23, 2014 and the EU–UA Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement entered into the force in 2016, the EU has become Ukraine's largest trading partner. The trade relations development took place not only due to the increase in exports of traditional Ukrainian goods and services, but also as a result of the deployment of a number of TNCs in Ukraine to manufacture components for vehicles, primarily various wires sets. In 2018–2019, the export of wire sets from Ukraine to the EU reached 1 billion US dollars, taking one of the leading positions among the items supplied to the European market. The purpose of the article is to assess pros and cons for the Ukrainian economy from development of regional specialization in production and export of wire sets for the EU automotive industry. Methodology. The study is based on application of methods of analysis and synthesis in determining key features of Ukraine's integration into the global value chains of European automotive concerns. Results. The dynamics and geographical structure of wire sets exports from Ukraine to the EU are analyzed. The history of wire sets production outsourcing by world automotive concerns to Ukraine is summarized. The advantages and disadvantages for Ukraine from choosing the current model of integration into the international production chains of the automotive industry are identified. Conclusions. The development of specialization in twisting wires for vehicles provided Ukraine with an inflow of foreign investment, the preservation and creation of new jobs and stable foreign exchange earnings of up to 1 billion US dollars. At the same time, Ukraine has found itself in the role of a "middle link of conveyor" that performs relatively simple functions using cheap manual labor and is completely dependent on the ...
European Union combines territories of 27 member countries and also economical, trade and financial aspects. It has an essential role in global problems and its importance is increasing equal to adoption of collective decisions in sphere of foreign policy. EU converses with all the world key figures and also with those who have their own opinion about world and their own interests.During the last years the meaning of EU as an independent figure in the modern general European safety system is intensifying. It is important to point that diplomacy stays the basement for mutual foreign and safety policy in EU, so that it is supported by trade, help, safety and defense if it's necessary. This policy is directed firstly to solve the conflicts and reach the international understanding.The topicality of issue. The historical development of Europe witnesses that guaranteeing of safety has been a task of various international political blocks and organizations. Exacerbation of untraditional threats influenced the strengthening of institutional and functional role of international organization in sphere of guaranteeing of safety.Dynamics of international processes points the increasing meaning of regional safety systems in providing of stability in the world. Mutual dependence of regional and global organizations of collective safety and defense is intensifying (UN, NATO, OSCE and EU).The aim of the article is an analyzing of European safety and defense police (ESDP) as policy in process of further closer integration within EU and in the relationships with other international safety organizations.The object of survey is mutual safety and defense policy of EU in the context of new threats to the regional and global safety.The subject of survey – international political specifies of formation and evolution, institutional and practical and international law mechanisms of ESDP since the second half of XX cen. – the beginning of XXI cen.The conclusions In such way, in the last 20 years political and institutional changes in EU has created the premises for the new perception of «purely European» safety space. The development of European safety conception is characterized by complex approach, determination of qualitatively new threats and at the same time emphasizes the accepting of values which are mutual for European countries.1. Earlier in the EU state security relied entirely on the political defensive mechanism of NATO and the political mechanism of OSCE and the UN, the security problems are recently becoming further relevance for European policy and become «internal priority» of the European Union. EU concern for maintaining their own security, the creation of an appropriate system and its organization was implemented in an effort to strengthen the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP). However, since its launch CFSP was ineffective political-legal and institutional mechanisms. Therefore, in 1999 the European Union introduced a new, more successful initiative called the European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP).It should be noted that this area of soft security, ie the post-conflict settlement and assist in civil management, and is currently the most successful and best functioning part of ESDP. Scope military solution is still considered controversial by most Member States and has many obstacles to achieve efficient operation.2. The EU strongly and gradually approaching the ability to influence to European and international security. Over the last decade, the EU was able to significantly develop its military component of ESDP as an important link. In particular, the creation and development of military forces allowed the EU to take over peacekeeping missions as in Europe and beyond.3. Enhancing the EU efforts in the area of foreign and security policy was due to the failure of the EU itself resolve the conflict in the Balkans, the knowledge of its own military and technological backwardness, the understanding of the changes in the content and scope of threats and recognition of the need to build an appropriate response strategy. This led to a conceptual change in European security policy and the emergence of initiatives to create a European military instruments of influence on world politics (in the so-called «hard security»).4. Over the last decade, the EU had 23 civilian missions and military operations on three continents. These include the following: peace of the after effects of Tsunami Aceh (Indonesia), the protection of refugees in Chad, the fight against piracy in Somalia and the Horn of Africa. This suggests that the EU's role as a player in the security becomes tangible.As of November 2010 the EU has both thirteen military and civilian missions in 4 regions of the world: the European continent (the Balkans, Moldova / Ukraine), the Middle East, Asia and Africa. Also completed 11 military and civilian operations in the Balkans, the Caucasus, Asia and Africa.While EU operations using inputs NATO. Thus, we can speak of complementary efforts and mutually beneficial cooperation between the EU and NATO.5. In the EU a priority for further development of ESDP recognizes no quantitative growth indicators and qualitative implementation of capacity in this area, which in turn confronts the EU Member States following objectives: reaching consensus on all aspects of common security and defense policy, development and learning new methodologies crisis management, effective use of international cooperation, strengthening the defense industry and military technology.6. Motivation to improve the state of national security, stabilization of the internal and external situation, reducing dependence and further out from the influence of a number of other reasons make our country more actively in the foreign and security policy. The overall process of the EU integration process involves appropriate in all areas and sectors, including security, so further participation in the CFSP has a positive attitude affect the positioning of Ukraine in the security dimension of European geopolitical space. Achieving this goal is possible only in case of joint ownership of all political parties, the government and the President to improve geo-political situation of our country both in Europe and internationally. ; Статья посвящена исследованию проблемы формирования, развития и усовершенствования оборонительной политики и политики безопасности Европейского Союза, совместной внешней политики и политики безопасности.Анализируются основные шаги европейского сообщества в направлении создания собственной, Европейской оборонительной политики и политики безопасности в контексте новых угроз региональной и глобальной безопасности, состояние и трансформация отношений ЕС и НАТО в сфере безопасности. ; Статтю присвячено дослідженню проблеми формування, розбудови та вдосконалення оборонної і безпекової політики Європейського Союзу, спільної зовнішньої та безпекової політики.Аналізуються основні кроки європейського співтовариства в напрямку створення власної, Європейської безпекової та оборонної політики в контексті нових загроз регіональній і глобальній безпеці, стан та трансформація стосунків ЄС і НАТО у сфері безпеки.
History as a Magistra Vitae encompasses a lot of mutually complementing research and teaching subjects. It should be taught step by step from local and simple items up to global generalizations taking into account the age, educational level, and professional interests of audience. The pupils at the primary and secondary schools learn at first about their native towns or districts, later in more detail about their motherland as a whole, and common patterns of Europe with just basic names and data of the World. The higher schools are to combine minimal information of history necessary for any civilized human being with emphasized attention at the respective fields' past separately for future lawyers, physicians, engineers, etc. In Ukraine as an extremely exhausted nation it is crucially important to break deeply rooted complex of inferiority, to prove indivisibility of domestic history with East-Central and the rest of Europe. We should overcome as soon as possible a situation when large territories had been devastated by Holodomor and colonized by alien settlers from other parts of the Soviet Union after this genocide. The newcomers' offspring gradually will get accommodated to their new homeland yet during Transition they are an easy target for destructive impacts from abroad. To counteract subversive propaganda, we need highly educated teachers and lecturers. The pro-European liberals in Ukraine had been exterminated by notorious totalitarian purges or forced to exile and replaced by mercenaries of Russian revanchist forces. The huge traditional Universities hardly can be reformed and modernized, as they inherited stereotypes and prejudices from the past. Newly created, seemingly more flexible and certainly less corrupted higher schools attract capable and ambitious people yet their alumni feel temptation of more easy opportunities. Ukraine needs patriots now more than ever desperately fighting for survival against aggressor in current Hybrid war. The prospects look optimistic, yet for the time being it requires a lot of efforts. History teaching becomes still more important to promote unity of interdependent philological, historical, political, and state making generations of national rebirth aimed at the repatriation to modernity. ; Історія, вчителька життя, охоплює низку навзаєм доповнюваних понять. Її треба навчати поступово, крок за кроком, від місцевих сюжетів до всесвітніх узагальнень, щоразу беручи до уваги вік, освітній рівень і фахову зацікавленість конкретної аудиторії. Учні початкових і середніх шкіл довідуються спочатку про рідні міста і райони, потім докладніше про батьківщину в цілому, спільні підва- лини і найважливіші явища Європи, засадничі імена і факти решти світу. Заклади вищої освіти мають на меті сполучити у випускників мінімум знань, необхідних будь-якій цивілізованій людині, та переважну увагу до попереднього розвитку вужчих сфер інтересів майбутніх правників, інженерів, лікарів тощо. У виснаженій тоталітарним геноцидом нації перехідної доби треба зламати міцно вкорінений комплекс меншовартості, довести неподільність вітчизняної історії та ментальності з довкіллям у Східно-Центральній Європі, збагнути сенс європейської спільноти, простежити на прикладі України філологічне, історичне, політичне, державотворче покоління Відродження в репатріації до глобальної сучасності. Задум Могилянської академії базовано на передумовах її розгортання в міжнародний осередок комбіновано-компаративної гуманістики з міжпредметної синхронізації викладання вітчизняної та всесвітньої історії до міжвідомчої галузевої координації з культурологією, мистецтвознавством, юриспруденцією, філософією, політологією та іншими дотичними науками.
