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'Europeanism' offers a major new examination of the political economic, and social norms, and values associated with Europe and Europeans.

The ideology of Europeanism – defined as a commitment to the political, economic, and cultural consolidation of the European continent – has undergone major transformations during the twentieth century. Yet the study of Europeanism has not as yet systematically examined the range of conceptual meanings that the various strands of the Europeanist ideological family exhibit. Instead, Europeanism has typically been treated either ahistorically as a set of desirable social ideals and values, or reductively as a quality exclusively associated with European institutions in their current form. Both obscure the fundamental, wide-ranging debates over the nature of 'Europe' and 'Europeanness' that have shaped the substantive development of Europeanist ideologies over the last century. This article maps out the key areas of conceptual contestation that are consistently shared by all Europeanisms regarding the boundaries of Europe, the degree of European consolidation, and how 'Europeanisation' is to be realised.

Published online: 15 November 2021 ; The ideology of Europeanism – defined as a commitment to the political, economic, and cultural consolidation of the European continent – has undergone major transformations during the twentieth century. Yet the study of Europeanism has not as yet systematically examined the range of conceptual meanings that the various strands of the Europeanist ideological family exhibit. Instead, Europeanism has typically been treated either ahistorically as a set of desirable social ideals and values, or reductively as a quality exclusively associated with European institutions in their current form. Both obscure the fundamental, wide-ranging debates over the nature of 'Europe' and 'Europeanness' that have shaped the substantive development of Europeanist ideologies over the last century. This article maps out the key areas of conceptual contestation that are consistently shared by all Europeanisms regarding the boundaries of Europe, the degree of European consolidation, and how 'Europeanisation' is to be realised. ; This article was published Open Access with the support from the EUI Library through the CRUI - CUP Transformative Agreement (2020-2022)

In this article, the author understands Ukraine and its history as integral components of Europe and European history. Thematically, the article consists of three parts. In the first part the author comprehends the concepts of Western, Central and Eastern Europe. The scholar believes that the concept of 'Central Europe' is artificial, so he considers only Western and Eastern Europe as primarily a cultural rather than a geographical phenomenon. By 'Eastern Europe' the author means the countries of the Byzantine-Turkic heritage. Thus, in the postwar period, the heart of Eastern Europe was the USSR, and the concept itself covered the countries of the Soviet bloc. However, with regard to Ukraine, the author attributes it politically and geographically to Eastern Europe, but culturally – to Western Europe. In the second part the author analyzes the concepts of 'Europeanism' and 'Europeanization' and in the third part the author comprehends Ukraine as a country of the Western European cultural space. Thus, Ukraine is not a Europeanized, but a historically European country. Factors that determine the Europeanness of Ukraine are: the adoption of Christianity; close economic, political, cultural and dynastic ties with the West; Ukraine's assimilation of the Western European system of law, in particular Magdeburg law, the Latin language of science and education. Ukraine experienced the same cultural currents and trends as Western Europe – the Renaissance, Baroque, Enlightenment and rationalism, romanticism, as well as European socio-political theories and teachings spread in Ukraine. In the end, Ukraine's Europeanness is determined by its long-term membership in the countries of the Western European cultural area – Poland and Lithuania. Thus, Ukraine does not need Europeanization, it is part of Europe, its eastern bastion. We only need to support and develop the European spirit of Ukraine.