Suchergebnisse

European integration (as well as other instances of the shifting of power from the nation-state to supranational levels) has raised hopes & concerns for its effect on power distribution among different actors, in particular, on the presence & role of the civil society. Focusing on the Europeanization of political mobilization & communication, this article addresses the specific problem of the formation of supranational public spheres. Looking in particular at the Italian mass media, on the basis of a systematic coverage of four daily newspapers, 1990-2002, & semi-structured interviews, the authors argue that various forms of Europeanization of the public sphere are indeed on the rise, with a growing presence of not only purely European actors, but also European targets & frames. Comparing the presence of institutional & non-institutional actors, Europeanization appears to have been in the public sphere traditionally a "top-down" process: in fact, the more Europeanized a policy, an actor, a target or an issue scope is, the less civil society actors seem to have access to the public sphere. However, some changes across time emerge, with the development of (contentious) forms of "Europeanization from below.". 5 Tables, 1 Figure, 1 Appendix, 62 References. Adapted from the source document.

Unlike Russia and Great Britain, the protagonists of the so-called "Great game", since it was not a colonial power, Italy played a minor role in the events of the period in which Persia was ruled by the Qājār dynasty. However, the contribution of the European peninsula in the years prior to the Iranian Constitutional Revolution has a great historical and social value because is historically ascertained that the arrival of various Italian scholars in the land of the Shāhs has been an inspiration for the rising generation of Persian intellectuals and therefore had active role in the formation of young thinkers who would later lead the uprising – having sent teachers and instructors to the first university founded in Tehran. Hence, covering the 19th century, this essay will deal with the lives and experiences of the various Italian travelers – scientists, military and/or diplomats – who gave their contribution to the modernization of Qājār Persia, drawing on their direct testimonies and other historical sources that have survived numbers of wars and revolts.

This article focuses on administrative reforms in two countries of the Western Balkans – Croatia and Serbia – within the context of democratization and Europeanization processes. It explores, in particular, the administrative simplification measurdes and regulatory reforms that have been undertaken by the two countries in order to reduce administrative burdens on both businesses and citizens, and improve public governance and regulatory quality. In this article, particular attention is given to the progress reached by Croatia and Serbia in establishing the one stop shop principle and e-Government services. The main aim of the article is to verify the impact of the EU integration on administrative simplification measures, especially in the areas of administrative procedure and relationships between public administration and citizens.

One of the main achievement of the European integration process is the making of a transnational space where European citizens can freely circulate. Mobility promotes a kind of bottom-up, or horizontal europeanization, and the spread of cross-national practices. It also contributes to a widening in the individual and relational resources available to youth to carry out their professional and personal life projects. The so called Erasmus Generation, defines young peoples socialized to a transnational cultural humus and highly identified with Europe. Indeed, in the current context of economic crisis, mobility is more and more experienced by highly skilled youth from Southern European countries, as individual strategies to deal with precariousness, unemployments, under-qualified jobs. As a result, mobility can be seen as an obligation, more than a choice, and as a form of brain drain from Southern to Central and Northern European countries, more that a carrier of horizontal europeanization. The article, focusing on Italian and Spanish youth, explore the interconnection between Erasmus Generation and Precarious Generation, and analyzes causes and effect of transnational mobility experienced by highly skilled youth, on the micro and macro social level and on the political level. ; Uno dei più importanti risultati del processo di integrazione europea è la costruzione di uno spazio transnazionale in cui i cittadini europei possono muoversi liberamente. La mobilità favorisce dinamiche di europeizzazione dal basso –o di europeizzazione orizzontale–, e lo sviluppo di pratiche cross-nazionali e amplia le risorse individuali e relazionali a disposizione dei giovani per progettare i propri percorsi professionali e di vita. La Generazione Erasmus definisce giovani socializzati a un humus culturale transnazionale e fortemente identificati con l'Europa. Nell'attuale contesto di crisi economica, a sperimentare la mobilità sono sempre più i giovani altamente qualificati dei paesi dell'Europa del sud, quale strategia individuale ...

The essay highlights the role played by Trentin in the dialogue with the social partners, which was promoted by the President of the European Commission Jacques Delors with the Val Duchesse talks. It analyzes, in particular, the editing of the social protocol in Maastricht Treaty in 1992, and reflects on the consequences of this collaboration at the national level: his commitment to the Europeanization of CGIL and to the Italian adherence to the parameters set by the Maastricht Treaty. In particular, the agreement reached on the 23rd July 1993, still testifies to the fundamental contribution made by the three unions and, in the case of CGIL by Bruno Trentin, to the anchoring of Italy to the process of European integration and to Euro, and which were the outcomes of Trentin and Delors' collaboration.

This paper explores a new perspective on the problem of the origins of the Venetian settlements before Venice's birth. With an archaeological viewpoint, the author considers the recent excavation data from Torcello (2012-2013 campaigns), integrating modern debates on ecological degradation and anthropological theory of materiality. The attempt is to reconsider the process of Europeanization through the formation of new settlements in the Venetian lagoons at the end of the Roman period. The paper focuses on the relationship between the environment and the societal structures from Late Antiquity to the Early Middle ages. During this critical period of flux, it is possible to study how ethnic and social groups developed a new social geography and how new political systems and different trade networks shaped the "rising Venice".

This chapter deals with the relationships between the depoliticization and repoliticisation dynamics concerning public actions and the framing of the collective issues and the most important phenomenon of change affecting contemporary politics and political systems, populism. Contemporary populisms can be interpreted as a consequence of the depoliticisation processes triggered by the advent of post-democracy and neoliberalism, as well as of the connected processes of globalization and Europeanization of public policies. Later, the global economic and financial crisis and the austerity-driven policies added new strength to the populist reactions. Analyzing the Italian case the authors try to understand whether the agendas and policies carried out by populists leading governments or heavily influencing policy making induce forms of re-politicization of both public actions and the related issues. The chapter provides evidence on the potential effects of re-politicization caused by populism.

Die nationalen Verwaltungssysteme stehen angesichts einer sich ausdehnenden und weiter differenzierenden Unionsrechtsordnung unter steigendem Anpassungsdruck. Sie reagieren darauf jeweils unterschiedlich. Die aus einer deutsch-italienischen Zusammenarbeit hervorgegangenen Beiträge nähern sich dem Thema unter drei Gesichtspunkten: Zunächst werden die Wirkungszusammenhänge bei der Europäisierung bzw. Internationalisierung der nationalen Verwaltungen in den Blick genommen, verbunden mit der Frage, inwieweit die feststellbaren Konvergenzen tatsächlich zu einer tiefergehenden Transformation der Verwaltungssysteme führen. Sodann geht es um Modernisierungsimpulse, die von einem durch die Verwirklichung des europäischen Binnenmarktes beförderten Wettbewerb der nationalen Verwaltungen ausgehen, und schließlich um die Frage, wie trotz unterschiedlicher Rechts- und Verwaltungstraditionen der EU-Mitgliedstaaten eine effektive europäische Rechts- und Implementationsgemeinschaft verwirklicht werden kann. / »Europeanization and Internationalization of National Administrations Compared« -- The volume tackles the reaction of EU-Member States to the pressure that stems from EU-law regarding the adaptation of national administrations. The contributions discuss the multi-level interdependencies and their effects on the underlying structures of national administrations, the impulses of modernisation deriving from the competition between national administrations and the possibilities to put into effect a community of law and of implementation despite the different legal and administrative traditions

Uno dei più importanti risultati del processo di integrazione europea è la costruzione di uno spazio transnazionale in cui i cittadini europei possono muoversi liberamente. La mobilità favorisce dinamiche di europeizzazione dal basso –o di europeizzazione orizzontale–, e lo sviluppo di pratiche cross-nazionali e amplia le risorse individuali e relazionali a disposizione dei giovani per progettare i propri percorsi professionali e di vita. La Generazione Erasmus definisce giovani socializzati a un humus culturale transnazionale e fortemente identificati con l'Europa. Nell'attuale contesto di crisi economica, a sperimentare la mobilità sono sempre più i giovani altamente qualificati dei paesi dell'Europa del sud, quale strategia individuale cui ricorrere per trovare risposta ai problemi connessi alla precarietà, alla disoccupazione, alla sotto-qualificazione degli impieghi. Il risultato è che la mobilità può assumere il volto di un obbligo, più che di una scelta e, più che dinamiche di europeizzazione orizzontale, può favorire una "fuga dei cervelli" dai paesi del sud ai paesi del centro e del nord Europa. L'articolo, focalizzandosi sui giovani italiani e spagnoli, si chiede cosa succede quando la Generazione Erasmus incontra la Generazione Precaria, analizzando cause ed effetti della mobilità, sul piano micro e macro sociale e sul piano politico. ; One of the main achievement of the European integration process is the making of a transnational space where European citizens can freely circulate. Mobility promotes a kind of bottom-up, or horizontal europeanization, and the spread of cross-national practices. It also contributes to a widening in the individual and relational resources available to youth to carry out their professional and personal life projects. The so called Erasmus Generation, defines young peoples socialized to a transnational cultural humus and highly identified with Europe. Indeed, in the current context of economic crisis, mobility is more and more experienced by highly skilled youth from Southern European countries, as individual strategies to deal with precariousness, unemployments, under-qualified jobs. As a result, mobility can be seen as an obligation, more than a choice, and as a form of brain drain from Southern to Central and Northern European countries, more that a carrier of horizontal europeanization. The article, focusing on Italian and Spanish youth, explore the interconnection between Erasmus Generation and Precarious Generation, and analyzes causes and effect of transnational mobility experienced by highly skilled youth, on the micro and macro social level and on the political level.