International Aid and Democracy Promotion investigates the link between foreign aid and the promotion of democracy, using theory, statistical tests and illustrative case studies. This book challenges the field of development to recognize that democracy promotion is unlike other development goals. With a goal like economic development, the interests of the recipient and the donor coincide; whereas, with democratization, authoritarian recipients have strong reasons to oppose what donors seek. The different motivations of donors and recipients must be considered if democracy aid is to be effective. The author examines how donors exercise their leverage over aid recipients, and, more importantly, why, using selectorate theory to understand the incentives of both aid donors and recipients.
People's transnational mobilities, their activities to build homes in their countries of residence and their connectivities have resulted in multiplicities of belonging to encountered, imagined and represented communities operating within various political contexts. Migrants and their descendants labor to form and transform relations with their country of origin and of residence. People who see their origins in India but are now living elsewhere are a case in point. They have been establishing worldwide home places, whose growing number and vibrancy invite reconsideration of Indian diasporic communities and contexts in terms of 'India(s) beyond India.' Issues of belonging in Indian diasporas include questions of membership not only in the nation of previous and present residence and/or the nation of origin, but also in other communities and networks in political, economic, religious and social realms at local, regional or global levels. Yet, belonging – and especially simultaneous belonging – to various formations is rarely unambiguous. Rather, belonging in all its modes may entail dilemmas that arise from inclusions and exclusions. Bearing in mind such processes, the contributions to this volume endeavor to provide answers to the question of what kinds of difficulties members of Indian communities abroad encounter in connection with their identifications with and participation in specific collectivities. The underlying argument of all the essays collected is that members of Indian diasporas develop strategies to cope with the dilemmas they face in connection with their sense of belonging to particular communities, while they are subjected to specific power relationships. Thus, the volume sheds light on the ways in which dilemmas of belonging are being negotiated in intercultural fields.
Inhaltsverzeichnis: Norms of international law relating to the constitution-making process / Thomas M. Franck and Arun K. Thiruvengadam -- Constitution making and the right to take part in a public affair / Vivien Hart -- Constitution making in Eritrea: a process-driven approach / Bereket Habte Selassie -- Namibia's long walk to freedom: the role of constitution making in the creation of an independent Namibia / Marinus Wiechers -- Creating the birth certificate of a new South Africa: constitution making after apartheid / Hassen Ebrahim and Laurel E. Miller -- The politics of constitution making in Uganda / Aili Mari Tripp -- Zimbabwe's unfulfilled struggle for a legitimate constitutional order / Muna Ndulo -- The process of creating a new constitution in Cambodia / Stephen P. Marks -- East Timor's constitutional passage to independence / Louis Aucoin and Michele Brandt -- Between coups: constitution making in Fiji / Jill Cottrell and Yash Ghai -- The drafting process for the 1998 Albanian constitution / Scott N. Carlson -- The Dayton constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina / James C. O'Brien -- Constitution making and transitional politics in Hungary / Andrew Arato and Zoltan Miklosi -- Constitution making, peace building, and national reconciliation: the experience of Poland / Lech Garlicki and Zofia Garlicka -- Constitution making and democratization: the Spanish paradigm / Andrea Bonime-Blanc -- Conflict resolution and constitutionalism: the making of the Brazilian constitution of 1988 / Keith S. Rosenn -- Lessons of the Colombian constitutional reform of 1991: toward the securing of peace and reconciliation? / Donald T. Fox, Gustavo Gallon-Giraldo, and Anne Stetson -- The Nicaraguan constitutional experience: process, conflict, contradictions, and change / Philip J. Williams and Lee Walker -- The 1999 Venezuelan constitution-making process as an instrument for framing the development of an authoritarian regime / Allan R. Brewer-Carias -- Big tent, small tent: the making of a constitution in Afghanistan / J. Alexander Thier -- Deconstituting Mesopotamia: cutting a deal on the regionalization of Iraq / Jonathan Morrow -- Designing constitution-making processes: lessons from the past, questions for the future / Laurel E. Miller
