Suchergebnisse

Intro -- Obsah -- Úvodem -- Život a dílo -- Nástin myšlenkové situace v 19. století, duchovní kontext Durkheimovy sociologie -- Durkheimovi předchůdci na poli vznikající sociální vědy -- Epistemologická východiska Durkheimova sociologismu, paradox jednoty dvojího a specifikum durkheimovského pozitivismu -- Durkheimův program sociální vědy: stanovení předmětu a metody sociologie -- Sociologická metoda: definice sociálního faktua pravidla pro jeho pozorování -- Program: La première règle et la plus fondamentale…est de considérer les faits sociaux comme des choses -- Rozlišování normálního a patologického -- "Sociální fakty nejsou věci", kritika Durkheimova reismu -- Počátky formulace problematiky morálního vztahu individua a společnosti -- Postavení pojmů náboženství a posvátna v Durkheimově díle -- Individuální a kolektivní subjekt -- Teorie poznání a dualita lidské přirozenosti -- Definice morálního faktu -- Problém hodnot a jejich poznání -- Durkheimova teoriemorální výchovy a některá její východiska -- Morální výchova a posvátno -- Durkheimův specifický racionalismus a pedagogika -- Společenské pozadí východiska Durkheimovy morální teorie, pojem profesní skupiny -- Elementy morální výchovy -- Cíle morální výchovy -- Výchova a sociologie -- Definice výchovy a její důsledky -- Moc a prostředky výchovného působení -- Pedagogika a věda o výchově -- Závěrem -- Durkheimův odkaz -- Použitá a citovaná literatura -- Jmenný rejstřík -- Resumé.

This article deals with the relations between two different cultures existing within one state: the dominant culture is continental France & the peripheral one is the insular society of Corsica. This article reviews the historical background of the problem in France & subsequently analyzes the response of the administrative center to the Corsican independence struggle. Regarding the cultural, historical & political differences, the distinct experiences of these two cultures, the collective identity of the Corsican community & the institutionalization of its ethnic-regional representatives, the situation can be described as a center-periphery cleavage. The Corsican society -- asking for autonomy within the state or even for separation -- faces the domination of the administrative center. This independence struggle originates within the community, which is the reason why the dominant culture has several times modified its strategy for dealing with the demands & violence of Corsican patriots. The analysis illustrates the power & the limits of the independence struggle of this small island that is still economically dependent on France. 33 References. Adapted from the source document.

The article deals with the French regional elections in 2004. These elections were interesting for three reasons. Firstly, the majority of regions moved to the left. Secondly, a new mixed system of elections was used. Thirdly, the newly reformed Gaullist party lost its majority in regional councils. The article analyzes the results in each region & explains the patterns of cooperation among political parties. The article also reflects on the results in the departements overseas. 3 Tables, 6 References. Adapted from the source document.

The article outlines the main theoretical models of nuclear proliferation and the motives that are driving states to obtain nuclear weapons. It also focuses on theoretical concepts dealing with variants and alternatives of the future fate of nuclear arsenals and roles played by nuclear weapons. Attention is also paid to the roles of nuclear weapons in the past views of Great Britain and France. The article analyses their motives for joining the nuclear club and also the reasons that led them to keep their nuclear arsenals in the second nuclear age. The authors conclude that these two countries were driven to cross the nuclear threshold not just by security motives, but by other motives as well. Because of the fact that some such motives remain relevant even today, it is rather unlikely to presume that the two states would be willing to abolish their nuclear arsenals in the foreseeable future. Adapted from the source document.

The statute of March 15, 2004, that banned religious symbols in the French schools & State high schools, was the last act of the Headscarf Affair which had been regularly returning to the limelight of the French political scene since 1989. The review of several recent sociological books devoted to the phenomena of islamization helps to buttress the main assumption of the article that the Affair is a symptom of a failing integration of the immigrants from the Muslim countries. These populations are disproportionately hit by social & economic marginalization while, at the same time, summoned to assimilate culturally. Dogmatic republicanism conceives of the assimilation as a necessary precondition for the political integration. In the situation of an increasing social exclusion, however, the push to assimilation adds a cultural offense to an economic injury & incites a contrary reaction: a proud self-assertion of the Muslim identity. The statute banning the headscarves only intensifies this vicious dynamic. The analyses in the reviewed books seem to lead to a different solution: a reasonable response would rather be to tolerate the expressions of religious distinctiveness while, at the same time, trying to integrate people of immigrant origins both economically & politically. This would require, however, a reconstruction of the French republicanism which -- at least in its dogmatic form -- does not distinguish between the cultural & political sides of integration. 9 References. Adapted from the source document.

The purpose of this case study is to explore the application of the code of conduct for lobbyists as one possible modern instrument of lobbying regulation. The reason why the code of conduct was selected out of the other regulatory means is the fact that codes represent the essential principle of lobby regulation in the European Parliament & the European Commission. Therefore the primary objective of this work is to evaluate the attitude of the EU member states towards this particular regulatory instrument. However, the research illustrates that the application of the code has not been extended in the member countries yet. The authorities decided to apply the code only in Lithuania & France. In addition to this, the possibility of introducing the code has been discussed in Ireland. Adapted from the source document.

This article discusses the results of the French referendum in May 2005 which was very important for the ratification of the European constitution. It first describes the rules of referendum in the French political system of the Fifth Republic & then goes on to analyze the stances taken by the French political parties & their main representatives in the 2005 referendum. The results of the referendum are analyzed in connection with geographical areas & compared with the results of the referendum in 1992. In selected departments the results of the referendum are also compared with the results of the French presidential elections in 1995 & 2002. Tables, Graphs, 3 Maps, References. Adapted from the source document.